© 2015 IJSRSET | Volume 1 | Issue 6 | Print ISSN : 2395-1990 | Online ISSN : 2394-4099

Themed Section: Engineering and Technology

Motor Starting Analysis Using ETAP Software

Bhavik R Prajapati*1,Vikramsinh Raj*2,Kunjan Patel*3,Vishal Patel*4,Ajay Pate*5
1 Assist prof, Electrical Department,Sigma Institute Of Engineering,Vadodara, Gujarat,India
[email protected]
2 Electrical Engineering, Sigma Institute Of Engineering, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
[email protected]
3
Electrical Engineering, Sigma Institute Of Engineering, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
[email protected]
4 Electrical Engineering, Sigma Institute Of Engineering, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
[email protected]
5 Electrical Engineering, Sigma Institute Of Engineering, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
[email protected]

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the preliminary at the early phase of a project, dynamic behaviour of induction
motors during start-up of the induction motor drives fed from single generator unit. It is important to ensure that
plant generators operate safely and consistently, so power system studies are required at the planning and conceptual
design stage of the project. The most widely recognized and studied effect of motor starting is the voltage dip that is
experienced throughout an industrial power system as the direct online result of starting large motors. The dynamic
behaviour of the motor terminal voltage, acceleration torque, and slip during Direct-on-Line start-up of the
induction motor drives fed from stand alone generator source is also discussed here. Motor starting analysis is used
to determine if a motor can be started and how much time is needed for the motor to reach its rated speed, as well as
to determine the effect of voltage dips on the system are ensured with the help of Electrical Transient Analyzer
Program (ETAP).

Keywords: Motor starting analysis, effects of starting Induction motor, evolution criteria, ETAP software.

IJSRSETXXX | Received: XX June 2015 | Accepted: XX June 2015 | May-June 2015 [(1)2: XX-XX] 1
 A variety of the electronic equipment and
I).INTRODUCTION effects of starting a large sensitive control devices
motor are represented may be affected during
below: motor starting. there is a
Generally Induction wide variation in the
motors are used in A) Motor terminal magnitude of the voltage
Industrial for various drive
voltage: drop by electronic IV).
applications. When large equipment. voltage STARTING
induction motor started fluctuations may cause
can cause severe damage
During the METHODS
starting, the motor also objectionable light
to the motor. In general flicker in domestic If a normal supply
terminal voltage should be
squirrel cage induction applications. voltage is applied to an
maintained at
motor is used to drives induction motor at
approximately 80% of the
Industrial load. During the standstill, the starting
rated voltage for motors
motor starting period, the III). current will be on the
having standard 150%
starting motor appears to EVALUATION order of 6 times the rated
starting torque at full
the system as small current. The starting
voltage with a constant CRITERIA
impedance connected to a torque is also limited and
torque load applied. A According to the
bus. It draws a large can be improved by
81.6% rated voltage will IEEE standard 399 a
current from the system, inserting a resistance in
develop a torque. motor starting study
about six times the motor the rotor circuit in the case
T = 0.8162 should be performed if the
rated current, which of slip ring motors.
x 150% = 100% motor horse power
therefore results in voltage However, there is
Also, in every exceeds approximately
drops in the system and need to limit the inrush
case the starting time has 30% of the supply
imposes disturbances to current during the starting.
to be evaluated for the I 2t transformer base kVA
the normal operation of There are several starting
damage limit of the motor. rating if no generators are
other system loads. Since methods used for large
the motor acceleration present. for smaller horse motors.
torque is dependent on
B) Large Motor power motors a study is
motor terminal voltage, in starting effect on needed depending on daily A) Series impedance
some cases the starting other running fluctuation of nominal starting:
motor may not be able to motor: voltage, size and length of A resistance or
reach its rated speed due to the cable, load rating, reactance can be used in
extremely low terminal When large motor regulation of the supply series with
voltage. is started voltage drop voltage, transformer the motor winding during
A frequent occur on system so other impedance and tap ratio, starting. Then by using a
problem arise failure to motors that already load torque and motor contactor, the series
start when the motor running normally will torque. If generation is impedance can be short
coupled to its load is slow down. the running present & no other sources circuited. If a series
energized for the first machines must be able to are involved a study is reactance is used in the
time. Typically the motor reaccelerate once the required if the motor horse starting, the power factor
appears to start initially machine being started power exceed 10% to 15% will be poor and produce
smoothly, then is tripped reaches the operating of generator kVA rating. significant disturbance in
off line by relay action speed. If the voltage drop the acceptable minimum the line. If a series
before it reaches full is very severe than loaded voltages under various resistance is used, then the
speed. When the starting running machines may operating conditions are power factor will be better,
time is prolonged enough exceed the breakdown listed below: but the losses in the
to exceed the permissible torque at reduced voltage. resistance will be high.
locked rotor time, the relay The decelerating machine Description Voltage
Standard reactors are
can operate even though may cause heavy current
Acceptable system voltage available
95% to 105% to limit the
its time current curve is at to produce excessive
Acceptable voltage for motor starting starting voltages at the
all operating points above voltage drop. At the starting motor terminal motor terminal to 50%,
At the terminals of other motors
the motor starting curve. 75% and 90% of the
C) Flicker: AC contactor pick up voltage terminal voltage at the
DC contactor pick up voltage
II).EFFECTS OF Contactor drop out voltage 60% instant
to 70% of starting.
Power system
Solid state control devices
STARTING LARGE
loads such as computer,
Noticeable flicker
MOTOR equipment ,power

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 B) Auto-transformer A, 3,600 rpm, wye
starting: connected, three-phase
induction motor show
In this method, a
significant reduction in the
reduced voltage is applied
line
to the
Currents.
motor using an auto-
transformer and the
The shunt capacitors
voltage is increased to the
can cause ferroresonance
nominal value after the
when interacting with the
starting. With auto-
magnetic circuit of the
transformer starting, the
induction motors.
acceleration time of the
Therefore, the shunt
motor is longer, if a
capacitors has to be
constant torque is
switched off as soon as the
produced during the
starting is completed.
starting.
C) Wye/delta
starter: V).CASE
STUDY
For small and
medium size motors, the
wye/delta starter can be
used. The stator winding
is connected in wye
during the starting and in 2) MOTOR SPEED
delta for the running. CURVE:-
This starter is the
simplest form of
mechanical equipment
and is suitable for small
and medium size motors.
4) MOTOR BUS
The disadvantage of
this method is: when there VOLTAGE
is Star-connection during CURVE:-
starting, stator phase
voltage is *times of line
voltage. Consequently,
starting torque is *times
the value it would have
with D-connection. This
method becomes rare for a VI). ANALYSIS
large motor due to large & SIMULATION:-
reduction in starting
torque.
1) MOTOR SLIP
CURVE:-
D) Shunt capacitors
to reduce the
starting current:
The shunt capacitors
can be used across the
motor terminals to reduce
3) MOTOR
the reactive component of TORQUE
the current during the CURVE:-
starting. Experimental
results on a 2-hp, 220 V, 7

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 84 % which is above the Transactions On Industry
5) MOTOR acceptable limit of 80% Applications Vol.42 No.4,
CURRENT and also recovers to its July/August 2006,pp 973-
CURVE:- nominal value. Further 982
reactive power
requirement during [5] Rezek A. J., “Energy
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capability curve limits. [6] Blaabjerg F. “Can Soft
There is a negligible drop Starters Help Save
in grid voltage observed.
Energy”, IEEE Industry
Motor starts successfully
and reach to its rated speed Applications Magazine
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duration. [7] Blaabjerg F.
“Comparative Study Of
Energy Saving Benefits In
VII).REFER Soft Starters For 3ph Im”,
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Of Large Medium-Voltage
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