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Control Valve

The valve characteristic shows that: a. It is an equal percentage valve. b. Its action type is fail-close, meaning it closes fully if there is a loss of control signal. c. It has good rangeability (ability to vary flow over a wide range), as seen by the relatively even spacing of flow values across the range of pressures. This is a desirable characteristic for control valves.

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Nadia Kama
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88 views

Control Valve

The valve characteristic shows that: a. It is an equal percentage valve. b. Its action type is fail-close, meaning it closes fully if there is a loss of control signal. c. It has good rangeability (ability to vary flow over a wide range), as seen by the relatively even spacing of flow values across the range of pressures. This is a desirable characteristic for control valves.

Uploaded by

Nadia Kama
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial 8

Figure 1 temperature control of the stirred tank heater

1. The stirred tank sketched in Figure 1 is used to heat a process stream so that its
premixed components achieve a uniform composition. Temperature control is important
because a high temperature tends to decompose the product, whereas a low
temperature results in incomplete mixing. The tank is heated by steam condensing inside
a coil. A feedback controller is used to control the temperature in the tank by manipulating
the steam valve position. Develop the complete block diagram and the closed-loop
transfer function from the following design data.

Process. The dynamic characteristics that relate the feed flowrate and the steam
flowrate to the temperature in the tank are summarized in the following table.

Step test Process gain Time Constant, min Dead time, min
Feed flowrate, ft3/min 0.8 18.0 8.0
Steam flowrate, lb/min 1.2 4.0 1.0

Design Conditions. The feed flow f at design conditions is 15 ft3/min, and its
temperature Ti is 100°F. The contents of the tank must be maintained at a temperature T
of 150°F. Possible disturbances are changes in feed rate.

Temperature Sensor and Transmitter. The temperature sensor has a calibrated range
of 100 to 200°F and a time constant of 0.75 min.

Control Valve. The control valve is the fail close valve and to be designed for 100%
overcapacity, and pressure drop variations can be neglected. The valve is an equal
percentage valve with a rangeability parameter, α of 50. The nominal flow through the
valve, w is 389 lb/min and the valve actuator has a time constant of 0.20 min.

Controller. A proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is used to control the


temperature with controller gain, Kc = 11%CO/%TO, integral time,  I = 0.28 min and
derivative time,  D =0.07 min.
2. Valve action and characteristic identification.

a. Identify the characteristics of the following valve.

b. What is its action type?

c. What can you comment about the valve?

mA 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4
psig
Flow 10 10 9.8 9.6 9.4 8.8 6.2 3.8 2.8

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