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Indices and Logarithms

1. Find the value of the expression (27 - 2)^3 × (9/64)^2 ÷ (1/8)^-1. 2. Solve the equation 32x × 4x+2 = 576. 3. Simplify the expression 3 × 2n - 4 × 2n-2 / 2n - 2n-1.

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287 views

Indices and Logarithms

1. Find the value of the expression (27 - 2)^3 × (9/64)^2 ÷ (1/8)^-1. 2. Solve the equation 32x × 4x+2 = 576. 3. Simplify the expression 3 × 2n - 4 × 2n-2 / 2n - 2n-1.

Uploaded by

Jo Joy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Indices & Logarithms

27 − 2 9 1
3 1
1. Find the value of ( ) 3 × ( )2 ÷ ( )−1 . [ ]
64 64 8 4

2. Solve the equation 32𝑥 ∙ 4𝑥+2 = 576. [1]

3 ∙ 2𝑛 − 4 ∙ 2𝑛−2
3. Simplify . [4]
2𝑛 − 2𝑛−1

4. Solve the equation 2𝑥+2 = 2𝑥 + 10. [x =1.74]


1 2 2 1 2 4
5. (a) Find, in its simplest form, the product of 𝑎 + 𝑏 and 𝑎 − 𝑎 𝑏 + 𝑏 . [a+b2]
3 3 3 3 3 3

(b) Given that 22𝑥+2 × 5𝑥−1 = 8𝑥 × 52𝑥 , evaluate 10𝑥 . [0.8]


2𝑥−3 32
6. Without using a calculator, solve the equation = 1 . [x = 1.6]
8−𝑥 𝑥
42

25 − 3
7. Find the value of each of the integers p and q for which ( ) 2 = 2𝑝 × 5𝑞 .
16

[p=6,q= - 3 ]

𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦
8. Given that × (𝑎𝑦+1)2 = 𝑎𝑏 6 , find the value of x and of y. [x=7, y=2]
𝑏3−𝑥

2
9. Without using a calculator, evaluate 6𝑥 , given that 3𝑥+1 × 22𝑥+1 = 2𝑥+2 . [6𝑥 = ]
3

1
10. Solve the equation lg(20 + 5x) – lg(10 – x) = 1. [𝑥 = 5 ]
3

11. Solve the equation 2x+1 + 2x = 9. [𝑥 = 1.58]

9 𝑥
12. Solve the equation lg(x – 8) + lg( ) = 1 + lg( ). [𝑥 = 18]
2 4

13. Solve the equation 2x+2 = 2x + 10. [𝑥 = 1.74]

14. (a) Given that 4 lg(𝑥√𝑦 ) = 1.5 + lg 𝑥 − lg 𝑦, where x and y are both positive,
√10
express, in its simplest form, y in terms of x. [𝑦 = ]
𝑥
1
(b) Given that 𝑝 = log 4 𝑞, express, in terms of p, (i) log 4 ( ) , (ii) log 2 8𝑞.
𝑞

[(i) – p, (ii) 3+2p]


15. Solve the equations (i) lg(2x+ 5) = 1 + lg x (ii) log 4 𝑦 + log 2 𝑦 = 12.

16. Solve the equation 3x+1 – 2 = 8 × 3x – 1.

17. log 7 (17𝑦 + 15) = 2 + log 7 (2𝑦 − 3).

18. Evaluate log 𝑝 8 × log16 𝑝 .

19. Solve the equation lg(x+ 12) = 1 + lg(2 – x).


𝑝
20.Given that log 2 𝑝 = 𝑎, log 8 𝑞 = 𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 = 2𝑐 , express c in terms of a and b.
𝑞

1
21. Solve the equation log 3 (2𝑥 − 1) − log 9 (𝑥 2 − 2) = .
log2 3

22. * At the beginning of 1960, the number of animals of a certain species was
estimated at 20000. This number decreased so that, after a period of n years, the
population was 20000e – 0.05n. Estimate
(i) the population at the beginning of 1970,
(ii) the year in which the population would be expected to have first
decreased to 2000.
23. * Variables V and t are related by the equation V = 100e – kt, where k is a constant.
Given that V = 500 when t = 21, find
(i) the value of k
(ii) the value of V when t = 30.
24. * An engineering firm buys a new piece of equipment at a cost of $72 000. The
value of this equipment decreases with time so that its value, $V, after t months use
is given by V = 72000e – kt, where k is a positive constant. The value of the
equipment is expected to be $ 40 000 after 30 months use.
(i) Calculate the value, to the nearest $100, of the equipment after 20 months use.
1
The equipment is replaced when its value reaches of its original value.
3

(ii) Calculate the length of time, to the nearest month, the equipment has been use
when it is replaced.

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