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TPYAHHT8JU;H]ill\o!. Flonsrrxa BbmYCKaTb maCCH H TeM CdMb!M'CMellIa:rbn;eHTp 'I'Ji[.lKeCT:~' D,nepeA He nOMOraJIa, "LJ<il'1Kan BbIXOAHAal'!3 apanrerraa 'co 3Ha'II1TeAh,I'fblM, AO 10 - 12 BHTKOB!' 3aJ,ld:;lAI>maHl'l6M. H<fllhlXOAe:l<!3 urrortepa T.e.npl1nepexoAe B lUI KI1 poaauae , UOPOJ{) GaM COGOH. 683 SMeIIla" 'I'eAhCflla .i\.eT'IHK<'! aarrycxaxca MOTOp. «TpeuraAM» Ha HeaOpMdA.bHyro pa5011' xapfisope'ropa. AK-25-4A<D. np060BaM:! H.Cn0hI>30SdTb npl1H}'Al'lTeAbH)'IO nOAdqy TOTIAI·ma, .HO iii a1'O He no MorAO. CH:1'ya.QI{SI C1CAi'lAhlBaJldCb :ae.CbMa. i:l:ellpl{:lI.TIiaH. np01!l3BOACTBO CaJ'.IOAeToB P0C.i\.O, OHFf uanpanxsAlICbB soacxa, a npOOAeMd. Ge30rra.cHhIX ,nOAe:I'OB ad UHX, OKa3!,IBaeTC5.!, OblAa Bee ern;e ae perrraaa.

7

"'-153 N.28019 C MOTOPOM M-63. Ha XBOCTOBOM onepeHMIfYCT,!tfo."eHbI AWF'fMKM AlIA onp8Aene""A 'YC"lIl11iii "3 PYllSlIC' np .. BblnOIlHeH .... WTOnOpa. MocKsa, 1940 r,

OceHbID 193'9 T. npHKa30IVI nap.KOMa aaaanpo- o;rur 110 TeXIDfKe IIHhOTUpOBiiHIDI H-153 C M-62», MlIIIlIAeRHOCTH aa 3aBOAe N!l 1 AMI paspemeaas HHCTp)'l<I(HH nOAP06HO OIJ.HChI1laAa nee AeHCTBHH

aorrpoca C03AaeTillI" 1<OMHCCH.l'I B COCTaBe: KOBCTp)TKTopa H. ITOAHKapnOBa, 5pHI'<lAHoro HH:lKeHepa VI. ne1'poBa 1'1 crrenaaxacra no urronopy rrpocpeccopa A. )KypaB'IeHKo. 'B pesyxsrare pa50ThI KOMHCCFI"H B HOH5pe 1939 r. pOAHAaeh «11acTp)TK-

101-153 C cep .. iiiHblM 'N2 8019. MOCKB3, 1940 r,

mv>.OTa B noxere H aa 3eMJI.e, a B CaMOM flHTepec,HOM MeCTe 6hlhO HaIJ.HCaHO: «Iilronop aa CaMOheTe 11-153 nOAHOCThI0 He H3)"Iea. npeABapHTeAbnsre acnsrraaas BhUlBJiIJIJI OTpHQaTeAbHble !UTOnopmre CBOHCTBa casrcxera. BE;.Illoh.WlTb mronop sa eaMOAeTe IiI-153 M-62 C [(e:.u.lO TPelIHpOBKH 3anpem;ae::(c~!)) .

YAOBheTBop'HTh KorO-hH50 Tame BhIBOAbI He MOrAll, n03TOM:y'B aa'laAe 1940 r. AfVI npOAOA:lKeHRK 3Jl.OnoA)"IHbiX HCCheAOBaHI'IH BhlAeAHlU-i osepeABOH CaMOAeT - NQ 6566. ITo cpaaueuHIO C npeAbIA}'II\HMH MalmntaMH, 3'1'0'1' OThH'I8:hCH 50- xee Tm;aTeAbHhlM H3rOTOBA,eUHeM, OKpaC}WH H DTAeJ\KOH. N!? 6566 OKa3al1.CJI HeCKOAbKO TH:lKe· xee aa C'IeT YCHAeHHH KO¥ICTp)TKn;HH, YCTaROBKR aaepnaouaoro craprepa H B03AynIHmo EBHTa H3MeHHeMoro mara, ITOAenn.rH aec CdMOJl.eTa CoCTaBHA 1853 xr.

, 29 cj:leBpaAA: 1940 r, aa ROBOK «IfuiiiKe)) Ra'1,aJ\ Jl:eTdTb heT'lHl< Ky6hlIUKRH, a 3a"KOR'IHh HCDhlTalmJ'! 13 :MaH xanaran Ilponraxoa. Onp060BaB nee B03MO:lKHble BapHdHTb! nOBe,1l,eHHlI CaMOAeTa B B03Ayxe, AeT'IHKH. RaKOReq, OnpeAeAHAH H aaH71.Y'flIIHH cnocoe Bb!BOAa IiI-153 aa nrronopa. B aaKil16'1eaHH )TKa3b1.BdAOCb, 'ITO IIpH CTporOM BhlUOAHeHHH «l1:HCTp)'KQHH" IDTOIJ.OP 5e30DaceH. n pe,1l,i\iITdAOCb pa3peIIDITb nHhOTaM: C'rpOE!BhlX xacreH npOH3BOARTb TpeHHpOBKYHa utT0IJ.OPAO 2-x BH'I:K>OB.

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Ha 3TOM 1lIT01I0pHhle IiCnbITaHI111 Jif 38K01f'lllA1Kb. Bee Ka:K. 0YATO 6hUl.O eo5.111OAelfo: lIeAOCTaTKJ!I - orrpep.eAeIIhl, KilK C HHM.JiI 60poTbcSI - oroaopeao. Ho Ad:lKe ~1HorO AeT CnyCTS! craptae 1IHi\0- 'FbI, IIpH ynosrasaaaa 0 nrronope Ha. "Yaihce», coKPymrumO Ka'laAH 'rOAOBaM.fI l'[ A05a.BllJIJ\:H.; «He XOTeAa B.hlXOAH'fh ... »

B 3a:K.i\.lOQeHHe HCTOPHH co urrcnopow )'MeCTHO OTMe'i'H'Ib sexoropue ocoeeanocra lII'UI.OTIF POBaJUtll: M·153. YJKe aa pYAeHIH1 Ill1Aory rrpHXo~hOCb H3-3a lIeAOCTaTo<IHorO 0630pa rrepensa:raTbCR <c3MemOH}}, 3ReprJil'lHO pa60TM neAaJIJ!Ml-I FfO:lKlIOrO ynpaaxetraa. Haaaxere VI-153 )(0- porno AepJKaA HClnpaBJ'leH(l£e, orpeaaaxcs henm, 51.1)\. B03MO:1K.eH B3AeT 6e3 lIOAbeMa xaocra, Ha XOPOlllO C5aAaHCnpOBaJUJhlX CaMOA!~Tax MOJKHO 6bJAO AeTaT.b C (C6poru:eFIH0l1)} P}"lKOitr yrrpaJ3heH(l£if. BEHAY xopomaa nonepe-raojr YCTOll'D1BOCTH B Bl1pa:1K 11-153 BxoAHA BJI.hO, He 60H.II.CH neperarnaartas PyqKH, TIPH. norepe CKOPOCTl1 CBaAH·BaACl1 aa IqJhI.I\O C onYCKaHl1eM HOCa (TO ecrs B nrronop He CI'peMl1ACH). Ho npoacxoaaxo :tl'O IIa CKOPOCTHX, M.eHhWI1X .lIOCdAO"IHOH, I10- C.KOJ'lhKY IIa IIOCiiAKe IIHAOT'hl TeRAeHl~:KH K CBahJ1- saaaro He OTMe'laAl'I. I1J.rKHPOBaA YI-153 ycroji'D1BO, CKOPOcn. Ha6HpaA MeMeHHO. TIPH npemallleHKJ!I CKOPOCTII 430 KMitf OTMe'laAaCb Tpl1:CJ<a Xl!OCTOBOro oneperraa. Tlpa 3KCrlAya_T~lI'H Ira xoxecax CaMOAeT BhllIOAHHA IlOCdAK]' Ea. «TpH TO'1lU{»), npn HeCOO.l\lOAeHlofM 31'01'0 yCAOB~ls!: liMeA TeHAeH.1l,l1lO K IIphIJKKaM sa C'IeT }KeCTKOH aMOPTH3aqFm. 3dAYBaHHe B Ka5wHe pacneanaaaocs lllJO.i\He rrpHeMAeMbll'[, HO [[OAeT 6e3 O'IT<OB C'U1- Ta.ll.Cl1 HeB03MOJKHbI:M.

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Ii-153TK

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KpOMe roro, erne 189 11-153 C ABHraTeNlM}{ M-63 He AOCTPOIlAH 11 DHIi nepeuiaa B rrxan 1940 r.

B 1939 r. Hil aBI1a3aBOAe NQ I npOH3BOAMJ\H He TOhbKO cepMHHylO apOA)'KIJ.YIIO, n03TOMY ~CTHO 6YAeT yrrOM5IHYTb H APyrl1e pa60n,L TaK, B reqeHHe aroro rOAa 3Aecb aexacs coopxa meCTH MC'Tpe6H'TeAeH M'OHOlIAaHOB 11-180. CnyCT5I ABa Mecane, B AeKa6pe, AOCTPOHAM On:bITHblB HCTpe6M'Tehb nOAyropdllAaH H-190, npeA/l.araBllIHHClI aa 3aMeHY 11-153.

B COOTBeTCTBIHI C nOCTaHOBheHMe 'I KO Nil 171cc OT 20 !fIOID! 1939 r., Ha 3aBOAe N2 1 na'faAOCb ocaoeaae AByxMoTopl:loro 6AlvKHero 60M'('iapAHpOSIQHKa 66-22 KOHCTPYKIVlI1 A.c. 5i.KoSAesa. 17 IllOAlI 1939 r. nOCII.eAOBaA coOTBeTCTBYIOUl,KH rrpnxaa aapxoxara aBManpOMbIlIIII.eEl.F.lOCTH 06 opraaaaauan Ha 3a.BOAe KOHCT- !H!-· 1! 53; C MOTOPQM M-'63 .. a llb1lOClHOM, waCCMI

17

1940 FDA CTaAnOCAeAlillM FOAOM np0.l13BOACTB<l I<!cTpe6HTeJl:eif 11-153. TIPH 3aIlAaHHpOBdHHOM ssrrrycxe 2040 MaIIIHB OnIAO COOPaFIO 2362 "l.J:afiKII). B KOfu.(e roAa ilBHa3aB0A NQ 1 rtepeurex na BIillIYCK HCTPet'hn?eAetl:MI1r. Ao K0HJJ;a rOAa 3AecI. npoaaaexa 100 MIIf-l H20 MHr-3, a TaKlKe 81 EE-22. XOTH rrpoH3BoACTBO 0-153 0CPHJJ;liaAbHO rrpesparaxa, HO eru;e 64 "l.J:atl:KI.f» AOCTPOHAH B 1941 F .. CyMMapIUd!BbIrrycK I1-153 sa 1939 - 1941 IT. cocrannx 3437 3Kserv.£uMlpoB. AeTOM 19411'. aapHAY C HCTpeoHTeheM 0-16, «l.J:aliKa» HBlUiAaCh OCHOBOff HCTPeowre/'iliHOY aBHa:IJ;HH Cosercxoro Coroaa,

101-'153, 060PYAOB~'Uiblit 3"'''''"14'''' nhl)KHblM waCCM

DoeBoe HCnO.1Ib30BaHHe

HeOAHOKPaTIlI>le BhLCKa3I.1BaHHRB. PSIAe 3aIIiiAHhlX ny6A1iKau,l1.R 00 acuoxssonamra 0-153 B 60_= TpaJKAaHCKOH BOH-HbI B Mcrramu'l (1936 - 1939 rr.] ~BI\ffi()TC51 ·HBHblM HeAopa3YMeHHeM. B.CIIOMHHM, 9TO nepBbtU OITbIT.HbIM M-1.53 BallM I1CrCbIThIHdTbCII -g anrycre - ceHT1I6pe 1938 r: HalUPIHe B ;noM MdWHHe HeAOCTaTKOB, npncynrax O.ITbITRbIM o6pa3JJ;dM, 3<lN'!P)£(MO ee A0BOAK)' AD. 31n.-I:I.I. B Hd'IaAe 1939 T. I1CIThITaiu1:.fl BToporo OIIblTHOro 0-153 (NQ 6005) JTpOAO~ .B BaKy - Ta.1\!l")[{e 'l:yrh n03)Ke npoxonnaa JilCITbITaI-IH.fl «qaeK') BOffCKO.BOM. cepaa. f10cTaBKH :IKe COB.eTCKOll BOeIiHOH- TeXHHKH B MCrraHHlO 3aKOH'lYlAHCI. -eme B KOIUle 1938 r .• a B MapTe 1939 F. McnaHCKa}I pecrry6AJilKa YilKe nepccraxa cymecrsoaers. MMSHHO 13 3T0 .BpeMJI BeAIiCb AOBOAO'lffWe pa6m'b! n ycrpanenae HeAOCTdTKOB aa CaMOAeTax H-153 Boi1cKOB.Dn cepaa, TaKHM 05paSOM, I1CIIEilTdHli51 M-IS3 AO MapTa 1939 r. Ele3i1Be:pIITi-lAHCb, ].I OTIIPaBKd .XOTfi 6bI oAlforo 3K3eMIllWpa aroro CaMOAeTa B_I1cnaHHlO rrpeacraaxaerca HeB03M01ICHOH.

H-153 B COBeTCKO-lInOHCKOM KOHcpJUilKTe B MOHrOJl.HH

Brrepnsre B 60eBblX A8ii.CTBlUIX «-4aMKHl> ysa.CTBOBMI'l AeTOM 1939 r, ao speser COBeTCKO-ffiIOHcxoro KOHcPAliKTd ua p. XaAXHH-IO}l. B MOBTOAlfrI. 3Ta heTH5l5l BOHHa xapaxrapnsonaxacr, dKTHBIffi!M IIpHMeHeHHeM aBHdD;HU Jil_ ",,-ec'r0'laibnHMFI B03AymHhIM_H -OO5lMH. :SIrroIUlhl TorAa nrapoxo IIpHMeHHI\Jil JilcTpe6HTeAE «Till! .9'7» (Ki.2'i', H3Be-

101-1 53· B cTaH~apTl-lol4 oepe6pMcTo14 oltpaCl(e. xopoure BMAHa pa3HHLl3 OTTeHKOB ""eT aI1I1M'IeCI<O>1 If nonOTH"HO>1 06WM8KM

18

C1'RI>Iiry HaC KaK 11-97}, KOTOPblM OKa3aAOI cep se3IIhlM npOTI!BHHKOl\i MJl COBeTCIUIX YJ-lfi 1I 1'I:-156HC. COBeTCKdSI CTopORa Ta:tUKe OJlUlAaAa lIOlIBhetIIDI 1f0Bh!X licTpe6HTellei1, TeM fiOhee 'ITO 1'11lOrHe ytlaCTHmrn 60eBhIX AeikTBHH B MOlITOAmI caMf! .HMei\Ji[ aenocpeaeraeuaoe craoureaae K C03AaHHEO T8XliIX CBMOAe'fOB: AOCTBTo'!ao CKB~ 36Tb, 'ITO Ha3118QeH'HhIii E KOlllle I1H)f!.!i 1939 r, KOMaHAHpOM. 22-ro VIa:l] rplIT'OpH[;'r Kpaaseaxo npa- 6I.D\HB 3:ry BOlmy C AOIl1KBOCTH AeT'IHKa-11C[lliLTaTehHHJ11.1 BBC, TAe OB 3aJll1MaAClt rocyaapcraeaHI:.IMH I'!ClIbfI'aIIIDI1>!H HCTpe5uTeASI 11- 153.

Ilepssie AB~aTh ,,'IaeK" n·pI:!6I..IA:F1 K MecTY 60eBhlX AeHCTBHH B xonne "rEOER 1939 r. CanoxeT·b[ AOCTBBMi\Ji[ lIJ'l'1'epffbrM )l\eAe3HOAopOJKlIIilM 3lUeAO.HOM 13 ~bl'1'Y, rAe HX C06p8J1Jo1 CI:!AaMl1 3aSOk CI<OB 6pHrClAhl, a 38TeM IlepefHaAn aa q>POHT. f1I.J! noxeron aa HOBhIX ElCTpe511TeJIJI:X HB 4.BAhBllX BBC l-H· apMeHcKoH rpyrmsr, KO~1KOp 51KOB C~fYW.KeBIf1'l_ BhlAeJU!A h }"lIIIHXDJ1AOTOB 70- ro HCTpe6HTeAhEiOro a:Bl1aJI01!.Ka- EO rAase C Ma:i1:opoM C . Fpaneauosr. Cepreji I'panesen RBJU1/Icn 0=HJ:,)M B03AYIDHlirM 60Hll,QM, B ¢eBpaAe 1939r,3a ooeBbte ycnexa B I1cnamm: eMY rrpaCBO.IAH 3Ba.AHe Tepoa COIleTCKoro Corosa. C 29 ~'laH FpnneBen; HaxO,a.uAC5I S MOfITOllJo[Ji! M }'JKe ycnex rrpocxaBIIThCSl' CnaCeH:HeM KOMaHAHpa 70-ro Han MaMopa 3a6aAyeBa.

CaMOheT Ko?<mOAKa IIOAI5UIlf! B B03AymHOM 60ID HaA llpaJKeCKoi:t rcpparcpaea. 1'1 mthOry nparusocs cnacarscrr HB napaimore. Fpaneaen noc1i,lI;RA CSOH J1.-16 PlIAOM C MeCTOM npxaesrxe:f!K.!i 3aOaAyeBa IiI, aaopaa ero, BbIBe3 Ea. CBOro

111-153 B nOIlBTB cy6paHHbIM .. wacc ..

TeppIITOpMIO. Teneps Fpanearry, KaK_ 0ABOMY H3 AY'llllHX IUIJl.OTOS, xerasmesry AO aroro BeCKOAbKO xer aa 11-16, AOBep.HAH BseCTH B DOH noasre 11.CTpe61ITeAI{ 1-1-153.

B IIepBbDC 'U1CAa:x HEOASI ,(Yafr.KI1}) nepexerexa K Meery ooeBhlX AewCTBHH, IUlTb MillIIl1H nepeaaAH. B 22-H as.MaIlOAK. L£epe3 AeHb IIOCAe rrpH6EJTMlt, 3BeHO HO.BhIX. nCTpe,5HTeAe'H. B partOFle xac'i'e'iKB TaML\aK-EYAaK npI:!HJ[J\.o Y'laCTHe B orpa:lKeHIll! HaAeTa aa CBOH a3poAPoM llIIO;HCJCID( OOr.1- 6apAHPOBm;HKOB. 7 ~1I0AR, 1l Aelib Ba'!aAa . anorrCROPO aecrynaeaaa B paaoae Baan-Llaraaa, .H. C~eBM':J paapemax BhlAeT HOShIX I'!CTpe- 5tITeAeii K.I\HIIHH cppoHTa. AeBHTKa YJ-153, seAQMaH rpH_IJ,eBIJ,OM, cOnpOBOJKAaAaCb B 3TOM BblAel'e rpynnoil: ).1-16 KO)l:!3CKa L£HCTHKOSCi 1i13 22-ro aan, Flepacexans rpaxmry H BeCTI1 OO:H BaA npazcec·KO.M: TeppUI'OpMe.i-l: B 3TOM BbJAeTe aanpeuraaocs.

noca,.Q.Ka ."'aMKMa ,H3 C'Ten:HDM i::t3PQAPoM.e

19

l1eT"lMKIII rpMueBell1ll 3a6al1yeB. 1939 r.

B paftoHe COrrKM XilMap~Aa6a. Fpatteaen 3ilMeTHA. rpymry IlIlOHCK1)IX J1~9'f 1l paSBepHYA. caoro AeB5ITI<Y .Fla. 06paTH.bIH xypo. B COOTBeTCTBIlli C 3aAYMilJlllbIM lIAaHOM npeADOAa:raA.OCh 3a.MarUiTE. spaJKeCKRe l<Icrpe6Ji1TeAI1 aa cno:o reppnropmo H B paaoae KOMaHAHoro nyaxra Ha3eMXhIX BOH.CK npOBeCTH nOl<a3aTeAbHblH B03AyurHhl,K 6oH. YAOBKa YAaAaCb . .sInOllI\hl, npaaasnrae "LJ:afiKn» se HCTpe611TeAkI ]if -156Hc, CKOTOPhtlVlli OHR OXOTHO acrynasa 'B 6oH, yc."TpeMHAHC:b BAorOHKY. Crry-

Kypcax aTaKOBClAa IDlOHII;en. ITo Oq:m:IJ;HaAbHOMY 3aJIBJl.eHJflO COBeTCKHX AeT'lHKOB, HM 6e3 IIOTeph co CHoeH CTOPOIlhl YAaA.OCh e6HTb qen.rpe M-97.

IIoHBAetme HOB oro HCTpe6HTeJIJI Obl1\O OTMe'leso HDOHCKOM CTOpOHoH.Lfepe3 HeCKOAbKO ABell TOKHllCKiUl. raaera «110MHYPF!» lIHCaA.a 0 noHBAeHHH y «xpacmrx» HOBOI'O Jdcrpe61ue.iVl, oIIlH60q:F.IO Ha3:BaHHOl'oH-17,

.H Ha'[aA.e aarycra 1939 r. AM npoxcoszeaas BOHCKOB&lXIfCIllinaIrnH 'B 60eBhIX yC(lOBHJIX na cjJPOHT rrpH6blAa rpynrra J.1-153 B eOCTaBe 13 MaIIlHH. 3TH caMoAeTbI, xoropare CQIIPOBOJoKAaAa rpynna 3aBOACKKX CneI\HdllHCl'OB TIOA PYKOBOACTBOM HIiJKeBepa Kapeaa, !TOCTymvIH B 22-li am-ranOAR Maiiopa KpdB1.JeHKO, 1311-153 yqdCTBOBaAH B 60eBhIX AeiilcTBWIX C 9 aBrycra no 6 CeJiTSI6plI 1939 r. OOlql1.H HaAeT AJI5i Ecex MamHH COCT1mRA 572 'laea. KOJl.K<leCTBO 60eBbLX BblAeTOB B OT,lI,eAbHhle AfllI ,lI,OXO,ll,HAO AO IUITJoI-meC'fl[. OC06eIUlO }KdpI<o lIpHIlIAOCE. B rrepaoz, COBe'I"CKOJ'O aacryrr,ll:eBHSI C 25 no 30 asrycra. 113 BHOBb lIpJ1,O!iIBlIIliL'{ CilMOAeTOB AO 6 CeHTH.OpH 6b1AO norepaao ABe Ma· UIHHbJ,«KOMaBAHPOBKY" 3aKOK'lRJIH 11 VI-153.

B 3THX 60eBhIX KCDblTdHHJIX IIpHBJV!.H ysacrae CaMOAeThl C ABHraTeAlli'm M-62, ocaameamae B03Ay:rrrm.IMH BHFITilMH cjJHKCKpOBaHHOrO mara. QAJ'iH caMOAeT (NQ 6071) 6b1J\ ocaauiea B03AymHblM BillITOM Iil3MeHHeMoro mara (BJ1lll) rane BB-1. BhrnCBHAOCb, 'ITO MdlIDlHa C BillIl I1.MeeT 3HdqJI1;eA:&HO MeHhwee :BpeMH. pastiera Ha B3AeTe - 6 ceKyHA no cpanaeamo C 15 Y OCTaAhHhIX CilMOAeTOB. K HeAOCrdTKaM HOBhlX caMOAeTOB OT.HOCllllH Md.il.bIM pecypc If HeE!8Ae)KHOCU. ABHrdTeAeH M-62, xoropsre 06bl'lHO 3dMeHall1!fc.E.'Iepe3 60 - 8QqaCOB HaAeTa 11:3-3a Otl<d3d ABYXCKOPOCTHorq EarHeTdT(>JVI. I1MeAHCb MeAKke 3aMe'laHH5I !TO rIAaHepy, Hd6AIOAaJl.CJ'I 05pbIB aecyunrx J\..eHT~ pacxaxox. Oco60 OTMeTI1AH CHAbHOe 33Aysamte xepes HHIlIH maCCH - B CAY"Iae nOJKap_a (npa 0'["CYTCTBHH npOTHBODOJKapHOH rreperopoaxa] JII1- AOT B C'IHTaHFfb!e ceKYHAbl IIOA.y<iaA 06.111HpHble

eTH .KOpOTKOeBpeMlf "YAl1palOm;rur» AeB5ITKd pail- oxcora, He ycnenaa mrsero rrpeAIIPHH5ITb - TaK, BepayAacb H C rtoxyrrepenopo'ra, Era BCT'pe'IHhIX HanpHMep, npOJd30TIlAO C Ae'J'qHKOM KOBaA.eBbtM.

B3neT 3ReHa MCTpe6MTenei1I1-153 ,,'fai1Ka" no TpeBore

20

IInOHCKl1e I1CTpe611Tenl1 Ki.27 ("'-97) - OCHOBHO" npOTl1BHMK, ,,'l3eK', B 60SIX H3 Xam'MH·rOne

B n;eAOM "qa.J;iKa» no pH3YAbTa1.'aJI'! 60eBblX AeHCTBHii npaaaaeasecs He.IlJI.OXHM caMoAeTo!>~. no .Kpai1o-reH Mepe. lUlOHCKHX MaIIIIDl. ee npenocXO~, lJ MOlIrQJ\H1i[ Bcrpe"leH06.e ObT/lO. QTMe'laAOch. ''ITO 11-153 HMeeT rrpelnil~eCTBO B CROpOCTJiI I!! Ma.HE!:speFUl.QCTJit rrepeA H-91 aa acex EIilCOTax. OARaRD ilnORcKIri'f HCrpeOlITeAh OhtC'tpee pa3rOH.lYl.CSl: aa III't.KHpOB8.Hlfl{, 'reM He- 0AFl.OKP8THO IlOl"lb30Ba.J\}{Ch H.!IOHCKl!e IlJ!IAOThl.

Bcero AP oxorraanaa 60eshIX AeHCTBHM B MOH' roxmo rrpHOI>l1l.0 70 M-I53. OID! COCT05L\H Ha BO' 0p)OKeHHJi! rpex HCTpe6IITeAl>HhlX nOAKOs: 22-ro. 70-ro H 56-ro, K 20 asrycra 1939 r, o6m;ee KOAH'IeCTBO II.CTpe6.HTeAet1. 13 cocrase BBe l-i:j apxeaCKOH rpyrrrrn!: 13l>1.rMIAeAO cAeA}'IOIl.\I'fM 05p830M:

to-a Marr- 77 H-L6, 2 H·15, 3011-153: 22-f!: Han - 8211-16, I. ).if-15, 13 H-153i 56-Ii! nail - 641-1-16,1811-15,24 M-153.

3a nepaos, C 28 iHOMI no 15 ceHnr.opH 1939 r.

C0.BeTCKaJI. cropoae norepaaa 22 "qai1:KH»:

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ABapWl H KaTacrpo~.Ll I

28..07 .. 39 29.07.39 11.08,.39 12.08.39 20.08.39 21.08.39 27.08.39 28.08.39 31.08.39 01.09.39 04.09.39 15.09.39 Bcero

1 3 2

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COB9TCKM": ne"'MI( OCMiJl;J»lIIaeT o6no"'KM c6M::roro ~"OHCkOf'O 'C3MOneTa

21

Y'iaCTH.MKM 50es H3 XanXMH-rOne, neT'iIolKM (cneaa Hanpaeo): rpHqeBell, npB'iMK, KpSB'IeHKO, Kopo6oB, CM •• pHOB

11-153 B cOBeTcKo-!pUH.IUIHACK!>H BOHHe, BOHna C CDMHMlliAHeH MRAaCb C 30 HOR6pH 1939 r. no. 13 MapTa 1940 r, B 6DeBblX AeHcTBiHIX BBC KpacHDH apMHH HcnDAb30BCi/I.H TpH TIlIIa uCTpe6H.Tell.eH: 11-156uc, M-16, Yr-153.

Ko.AU'leCTBO 11-153 _a nepBblli nepaoz, ooeBblx A8HCTB]i[H OhlJl.O He3Hd'lI'ITeAbHbIM: 102 3K3eMIIAHpaaac=,ThIBaADC'b B BBC 7-ft apMlul (H;3 HHX B B:I3C JlJ30 4111-153) Ii DARa 3CKaAp.HAbff 56 can B KOJ\.HtfeCTBe 17 MaIIHIH B COCTaBe BBC 14-·11: ap- 11:11'11'1. B CDCTaBe BBC Kpacaosaaxeaaoro BaATHI1:cxoro €pAo.Ta H3 o.6m;ero Ko.Alf'leCTBa .HcTpeOHTeAeM (246) VI-I S3 HaC1flfl'bIBaAo.Cb scero 22 3K3eMIIMIpa B Co.CTaBe 61-:i-i: H lO-M aBHa6pJ1TaA.

I1epBhlH aran oDeBbIx AeHCTBHH rrpoxoaax B YC1'.o.13IDlX IIAo.XOH no.rDAhl.. OTM8'lMo.Ch MHoro cA)"IaeB nOTep'" A8T'DiKaMH OpM8H'l'HpDBKIiI. HeTpe61i1TeAU B 3'1'0.'1' nepaoz, UCno.Jl.b3DBaAHCb AM! pa3BeAKli H IIITypMo.BKll IIa3eMHblX 06'beKTDB. 3Ha'lJiITeJU,HaH -.:raCTb 11-153 H3 Co.CTaBa 54-ti: anna- 6PID'aAbI He.CAa CA y->K6y B rrpDTllBDB03AymHOR OOOPOH8 AeHllliI'paAa.

I103AHee HCTpe611TeAM acex WiTH Ha3eMHbIX apMI1H MCrro.Jili3o.BaAI1Cb rrperorymecraenao AM! Ha.HeCeHlUI YAapOB no. aa3eMHblM o.6'beKTaM. B cpeBpaAe - MapTe 1940 r. 60eBhle A8HCTBllH axTHBH3HpOBaAMCb. C )"IacTHeM 11-153 rrpoaaomea PHA BD3AynIHbIX ODell. HlUKe IIpHBO,1l.lITCfl DTAeAhEIbIe 'H3BeCTEI:bl.e CAy<rcrn, OIIHCaHHble B COBeTCKllX ADHeceRIDIX.

2 cj:>eBpaMI 1940 r. HCTpeollTeAU. 59-1'1: aBHa6pHraAbIH3 cocraaa BBC 7-fr apMHFI BeAU; Bo.3AynIHbrH ODI1. Boseparasnraiica C pa3Be,il,KI1 KOMaHAHP aaeaa cooenrax, 'ITO Ha osepe Y MeCTe'LKa MaTTapHAa cenepaee CTaHIJ,HH BYOKCeI-lHHC;Ka 06HapYJKeHbT llCTp86HTeAH npOTHBHHK.a, CpO'lHD

22

Co6paAM 15 HCTpe6HTeAeM., Tpynny BD3TAaB'HAno· MOm;a:HK JWMaHA"'pa nOAKa KaIIHTaH Byinen. YAapa.3Ji rpyrrrra CDC'l'05IAa H3 3 11-16 If 3 11-153, npaxpsraeromas rpynna - 9 11-1.6. B parrone craarraa MMaTpa BCH rpynna nonexa ITOA CHliliRbI¥! orom, C 3eMAH - B pesyasrare npDTHB03eHHTHDrD Maae:spa YAapHdfl ]'I npaxpsrserourex rpymtBI ad HeKO'fDpOe BpeM5I norcpsrxn APyr APYra, B 31'0 BpeM.lI npHKpbCBaKJIIzyIO AeBlITKY M-16 aTaKOBaAH CD CTDpDH:b1 co.orna AD AByx A8CHTKOB CPHHt:KHX HGTpe6uTeAefi CDoKKep D-XXI. BD3- Ayunn.rH ODM 3aSH3aACfI aa asrcore 2000 N. flOADllIeAIDaH YAapHaH urecrepxa c6H/l..a ABa uenpaHTe,>U>CKHX lICTpe6lITeMI, nocxe xero 6DeBbre rroPHAKli paCCLIIIaAlfCb H AaJiliHei'i::u:rnft 6o.M nponox)KaAcsr ndpaMH. Beero COB8TCKo.H CTDPDHOH 6hlJ1.D 3aJIBAeROO 12 C6IITbIX caaoxerax rrpDTHB.HHKa, Hanra HCTpe611TeAH IIDTepb He HMeJl.l'!,

2 Map'ta t 940 r. B pailOH8 Tar-mepe 17 H·153 IIpH cOnpOBO)KAeRllH oo.M6apAKpOBlIIHXDB BeAR BD3Ayrrrm,ril: 60H C 15 CDoKKepa."4Jf D-XXJ. E.bIAO 3.aJ!BheHO 0. AByx. COHTblX CPHRHax, Hanra norepa He nd3hlBaKJTCSI. B ::ITOT >Ke .AelIb y Taesnepe 9 11-153 aTaKOBaAI1 11 CDoKKepoB D-XXl, uo rrpoTHBHHI< -yKJ\DlllfhCH OT6DH.

9 MapTa 1940 r. B paaoae ceaspaoa 'l:aCTH IIDJl.Yocrpoaa KDMBHCTO npOH30Ill8JI. B03AyIIIHbrH ODK ruiT.ll 11-153 H3 59-ro Ha6 BBC 7-?J apMffH C BDChMepKo.H CPHHCKllX MDHOnl\aHDB c y5HpaIOII.l;llMHCa macca (YXa3blBaAI1Cb «rana CeBepcKMMlL'lM CIIHTCPal'l:p"]. TIep:rn;IM'H rrpo.THBHHKa .BHe3amID araxoBaAa napa VI-153. Flocxa CKOPOCTIIO:U a'raKH npo'J'HBBID< CTaJ't. yxOAHTb Ha CBOIO TepplITOpmo, 3aTeM UOAOlIIAD erne 3:BeHO 11-153. B pcayxsrarc COBeT· cxae Im.II.O"[,bl 3dlffiHAU 0. 5 c6.FIThIX HerrpllilT-8AbCKHX MaJ.IIMHax 6e3 noreps co. C1lo.eH croponsi.

B OTAwUle OT APyrnx Y"laCTKOB cppOHTa orrpeneAeHHClXJ{CHOCTh HMeeTOI C HCnOAb30BBHl'IeM VI -153 B DcoooH amrarpyrme [OAr), C03AaH1IOR pemeaaeM Ixaaaoro KOMaHAOBaBIDl (AHpeKTIffia Nil 0473 61' 15.12.39 r.) M5f paapyrueaaa IIOproB B EOTHWreCKOM saxaae H )Ke.AeaHOAOpOJKHhIX YSAOB aa Teppl'lTOPRH <I>HH/UlBAHH.· OAr opraHH30BaAH U3 aaH~IDl7-H apMHH - 35-H c6n aa CaMOAeTax CE (Cl'IBepcxi'!5!.), 38-11 .l'!anea. caxoxerex 11-153 (f1ynrKHH). 32 CE M 31 H-153 B,O BTOPOH nOAODHHe AeKa- 6PH 1939 r. rrepeserexa aa aspozpox CHHdAelIa II ·3CTOHHH. 3a rrepaoz, 60e.BLIX AeHCTB6 caxoxe')1,1 OAf rrpoaseexa 5259 60eDhIX DbEll.eTa C aspoAPOMOil, pac[IOAOJKeHHLIX B 3CTOHHl'I. f1oHaQdAY, IIOM>3Yll'Cb [IAOXOM: lTOroAoti, 60M6apAHPOBLUHKH MHCTBOBaAli 6e3 npHKp.hlTHH HCTpe6HTeJl.e:M. HamIHaH C cpe.BPaM 1940 r. HCIIOAb.30BaIDIe VI-153 YBe.;'lR<rnJl.O.cb, B 3TOT rrepaoz, B COCTaB rpynrrsr BOmea 15-ii: HCTpe6HTehbHbIH: nOAK aa 11-153. CTaHA'lJ'lTHbIM sanae TOIll\KBd n03BOMVI. oc:yII{eCTBMITI> [[OAeTh! aa AdAhHOCTH 170 - 180 KM. 3aTeM CTaJI.fl HCllOJU,30BaTL noasecxsre OaKH.H PdAHYc AemCTBIDi "LfaeK» yeeA1'f1II'IAClI.AO 250 - 270 KM.

KpoMe c.onpoBOJKAeHHH oOM.6apAHpOBIqMKOB c ijJeBpaNl' 1940 f. ](1-153 .H3 38-ro II. 15-ro llan...aTaKOBdAH .aaseeorsre 06"beIS:Tbl, He6QAhIill'le MOCThI B )Ke.ll.e3HOAOpOJKHE>Ie craanan. EOM6oB1U[ narpyaxa COC~raBJULI\.a 100 - 200 xr. BOM:6bI c6pacblBaAHCb C lJID{HpOBaJ:IHlI noz, yrAOM 60 - 80' C BhItOTbl 800 M. l\.e1"lllI<l-I rpynnsr 3aJiBllJI.H Q nOBpeJKAeHlfH 45 JKeJl.e3HOAopmKHblx SWeJl.OHOB. XOTl'l 110hH0fO rrpexpaurerras rrepenosox He nponaom.11.0, OTM8'ldll.OCb CHHJKeHHe mrr8HCHBHOCTH ABH.:>KeHHH.

11 MapTa 1940 f. 1211-153 H3 COCTaBa OAr c BbICOThl 600 M aTaKQBi;IAH rpHJ{CKHtI AeAOKOA na. y<1a,cTKe XeAbCHHJa'! - TIOPBOO. Bbl)\O coponresc (;l60M6 <DAB-IOO, 22 <DAB-SOH 8 3AB-50. OTMe\leRO 4 norraaaaas B AeAoKoA.

BOf!BUe QCn£1lIh30BBHUf!

no [pUHCKHM a3poApOMaM caxoxerta OTAeAbHOi{ aaaarpyrrma sa IIepBOM STaI1e ne AellCTBonaAM. B cpeBpMe - MapTe 6hIAO coaepmeno 18 caMOAeTOBhlAeTOB CB H 116 CaMOJl.eTOBbIAeTOB 11-153 no a3pOAPOMa1l1. BhIAO 3aJiBAeaO 0 49 }'HH'ITOJKeHHhlX cassoxerax rrp.OTIfBHl'IKa: rpexsra 3eMAe H 46 - B B03Ayxe.

TIoTepH OAr ,11.0 rrpexpamenaa 60eBblx Aei!cTB11R COCTaBHAM 11 CE, 13 AE-3, 5 H-153.

KOMl'leCTBO HCTpe6HTeJl.eH, 0pHHHMaBWHX yqacTue B COBe"ICKo-<pHHlUIHACKOH BORHe n pa36HBKd 1I0 I.ffnaM

30.11.39 r. 1.01.40r. 1.02.40 r. 6.03.40 r.
C3 <pPORT' 665 701 709 760
15-1I. apMHH" 138
8-H apMHl'l 75 80 109 131
9-51 apMH5I 15 93 138 140
14-H apMM 50 74 86 85
OAr'" 33 '68 126
Bcero 805 981 1110 1370
TIoTHnaM
11-16 410 474 453 427
11-153 119 194 354 578
H·15 276 313 303 365 . BBC CeBepo·3anilAFloro cPPOl-l"rd. nao AeH.M.HJ':j)qA<i· H BBC 7 -H 11; 13-ii apM:Jlli . •• BBC 15'M apM.ID< Cq,opMHpOna!fbl 18.02.40 r •

••. BBC OAf npacrynnxa I( 60eeoH AeHTeAhHOc.'TB 21.12.39 f.

23

CeroARH 11-153 « qaH:Ka) H3BeCTel'f KaK OAJ!!H 1£3 rrOCl\eAfillX 1£ CaMhIX COBepmeHHbIX"HCTpe6HTeheii 6nUAaHHOiir cxexsr upeABoemwro nepaoza, Ho, DTMeHail ero yqaC'l'lile B ffibeBl;IX AeiicrBHIDC, IlpflJKAe sceros 1941 r. o5hl'mo t0BOP5lT, 'U'O 3TO 5hlA YCTapeBm:ID'i Ca]l~mAeT. Ha !Z<lMOM AeILe Ma.eCOBoe npoasBOACTBO .VI-l53 ua1:J:aJ,\o'c;;:& l\IDJ.lb ocem.ro .1939 r., ITp}l'leM IJ.a. C!1AROMli[3A~ COBeTGKJiIX aBI1a.3aBOAD.a NQ 1/ .pacnOAox<eHHoM acero B 15M.Jrn.yrax eaAhl 01' KpeMAlJ, B 1940 P. np01il3BOACT80 «LJaeK») AOcm:fAOMaKCHMYMa, iii 3TH CaMOAeThl B O'0Abll10M KOAH'!eCTB.e CTa.lIJi noc:rynaTl"B BOHCKd KaK COBepmeIlli:o HOBaJrTe-XHIiIKa. HBJKe IIpHBOAIITCH CITHCOK nOCTaBO:K H-lt53 no ~e~<IM 1940 r. C YKa3cilfJlleM 'fficTeii I'l MeCT Ha3Ha'lemur (8 CK06'K8OC KOJrn"leCrnO nocraaeeaanx HCTpe'6lITw>eu).. !il oraomeaaa IIQAytIaTeAeii HeT eAHHOH lQ\a.ucmlmKal.\Illi, B AOK'jMemax yKa3bJaa!\l'l:c:b 'l'I_e TOJ\.bKO a.all'an'OlI.Kll, HO ]I aSpOAPOMI;I, 6a3hl.HKbM8f!Aa1YPhL

q,eapaJI.I> ,1940 r,

153-.H:.Ha:I1 (79.), 146-ii Him (63), 133-ii. Ran (20), l8-fl KO!Y1eHAa'I'YPa (3S) , 44-~ aBI1a5a3a ('8), 6-JI a.'Jma6a3a (5). Beero .B'!f>eBpaAe 213.

Mapr 1940r.

123-it an (63). KOM~HAaBTCKllJ1i a,3POAPOM (14), IS-!l al3J!!a5asa (11), 92~i!r!'III .(BIlAOTb AO MaJi 51), 91-.H mI (53). 3AK)30 82-i1i MIl. (50). 52-i':! lim (13),. EOBO I1J'PmO KOMAHByryc;:eBY (1).

Been" B .MapTe. 266',

Anpehb 1940 r,

MBO (11), 84-i1i HIT (53), 50-,H a6 (to), 305-·ff a6 (39). OABO 55~H MIl (15)1 l33-:ihiarr(43').

Bcero a-arrpexe 181.

Mail' 1940 T.

HI?!YI BBC (4), 20-iinm (LO), 2:4-£1' a6 (3), U9-n a:B'ldae)a3a (19), 38-ft no (lS), l3-.!l aa (15). AB'K KOMCOM01lJ:,CK pun (10), 133-iii :a'an (20).

Seem B [oIIae 96,

}boHb 1940 r.

Pe3epBHbIH CMema:Hf[brn I10AK T. Psaaas (8}, 3eKaAPUAb~ ocooero Ha3Ha'IenHfI (3). BBA (6), H1111 BBC (1). MBO (41), 5':1-51 a6 (19), l':IJ1IIf flAB (2), Caprryxoacxaa aBKatUKOJld (1 j" HO:tJ!l1iCK (I). 24-a 1IA (10), 12t-Han (38), 130"fLaBHa6a3a (30), }\BO 38- ,H aBHa!lia3a (28). 54-)I>ao (9), 1-45-:H . .t 147-0;llD (8). 13I-.it1ITI (23). 50-,il a6 (6), 45-J1::1<I:0 (10), OP}\BO (11, XEO (lJ, 40-U11.11(,5), 47-tl.RII (5), BBC OKA-l [1). 168-'H: HIT (10)" 3ax.BO 58-Run (13). 60-51 ao (25, H3 .HJ:[X 3' c ny:uncar-:!lil UIBAK).

Bcero B.mDHe 315,

IfIoJU> 1940 r,

OABO 55-u. HIT (15). 160-id: pan (6), 4-i'r 1<1]] (10), KOMaJiAoBaHHe CH6BO (1), 3af5BO 9-11 H1,l (.10). 13-11 Im (10), 32-ii HIT (!O). to-:H HIl (15), ABK 31im (10). 14-id an (lOl, 29-:iIr IiIII (15),40-11. an (Hll, 47-ii an (.5), 17-aIm (4). 28·J1fnrr(1.6), 46-'iimr (3~), CABO 116-11HU, (30),

Beero B ·I1IO.II:e 20.9,

20/

ABryCT 1940 r,

OABO 55'11 I'm (30). 166'11 pall (2), 53·z a6 (6), 16Hi I·HI (6), 153·ft an (6), CKBO 161'11 pall (6), 4·fi: an (14), 13·ft M:II (43), 149·fi: HIT (20). If·fi: an (15), 9·fi: an (5), 22'M: an (I 0], 2B·~ <lA (1). ABet> 5'H Mil (10), ABet> 3HIT (5), Nme.tJ;J<Me xypcsr (12), llpH6BO 148·11 HII (4), 15'M: HI! (11).

Bcaro B asryc're 205 ..

CeHTSl6ph 1940 r.

8·ft liII (IS), 47'H lin (50). 18'11 M:II (25), KOBO 17'M: HII (6), 155·ft pan (4), 12'H HII (20), 42'H HII (25), 5·fi: art (53).

Beero B cearsope 208.

O"-:Tl!:6ph 1940 r.

47'11 HII (8). 12'H HIT (IS). 127'H HII (23), BBC MBO (13). BBA (28), Ky6HH.Kd 24'M HII (?). KOBO 7·ft HII (48).

Bcero B oxrsope 132.

HOl!:6ph 1940 r.

13'HHll (10), 12·fi: nrr (12). 7·i-j: an (15), 23'H fill (20), 149·H. HIT (10), 70'.11 HIT (5), 8'H HIT (10), 129'H HIT (60), 49'H HIT (20).

Bcero B B05l6pe t 63.

AeKa6ph 1940 r.

164'H art (63), 165'H MII (63), 120'H .Hn (33)', 159'H HIl (59).

Beero B AeKa6pe 218.

TaKHM 06pa.30M, B 1940 r. B pa3l1WIHble eoeAH' HeRMS! BBC PKKA scero nocraaxeno 2005 J1·153. C )"IeToM eaMOAeTOB, nocreaacrmsrx B 1939 r., no eoeTOSlHHIO Ha 20 - 25 eeHT516p.II 1940 r. nt[a· eT5lX BBC Kpacaoa apMHH IiaCqHTbIBaAOCb 2135 11·153 M·62 H 304 J1·153 M·63.

Brrpo-tesr, CTOllb MaClliTa6Hble 1I0eTdBlUI B BOH' CKd l<aeaJll{Cb 11 APyrax THIlOB COBeTCKH:X caMOlle· TOB. 3a TpM IlpeABOeHHbIX roAa B BOHCKa rtocry UHAO OKOAO' AecSITH TblC}Iq HCTPe6HTeAeH, npn'leM eABa All He nOAOBMHa - OKOAO qeTblpeX Tbl' C}It[ - B 1940 r. XOT5:I xexoropiae TMIIbl eaxoxeTOB YJKe He BllOAHe OTBeqaJll{ Tpe60BaHHSlM speMeHH, OHH BIIHCblBahHCb B HeKYJO TeopHIO o {(MaCeOBOH» apMUH, KOTOpa.R AOJUKHd 6blha3a· AdBliTb AI060ro spare eeAll He Ka'IeeTBOM, TaK KO' AMt[eCTBOM.

Ha rrpaxraxe TMTaHWIeCKHe yCRl\HlI: asaarrpoMhlIIL\eHHOCTH IlPI{BeAH B OCHOBHOM K MexaHlf' qeCKOMY HaKOlllleHHJO BoopYJKeHliSl (B AdHHOM CA)"Iae MCTPe6HTeheH), 'ITO IlOBpeAMAO Ka'leCTBY. Ao 1940 r. 60llblllMHCTBO aBMdlIOAKOB KOMlllIeKTO' BMOCh CAeTaHHbIM I{ HellAOXO IIoAroToBh.eHHbIM All'lHhIM COCTdBOM, MEon-Ie nl1J\OTbl flMeAll 60e· BOH OIlbIT, lloAyqeHEbIll B Hcnaanu, KUTae M MOHroAllH. Ycxopeanoe ¢!OpMupO.BaHHe HO· BhlX ClIma.'IaCTeil: B ITpeABOeHHhlH rOA npaaexo K TOMY, 'ITO 'laCTh AeTHarO COCTdBa M3hlMaAaCb 113 CIlAO'IeHHbIX K<lAPOBbIX COeAHHeHH:H, B 3Ha'lH' TellbHOH CTeneHH oCAa61!.5lll: 1I0CAeAHHe. OnbIT' Hble B03AYIDHhle 60~bl 3aHH:r.taJll{ KOMaHAHbIe

25

AOJUKHOCTIl, HO, 6YA]"lli XOpOlInrMH IUiA0TaMn, ORl1r SaqacT)'ID oxaar.raaxacr, 3aypSJAHblMH KOMaHAT-rPaMR. AeTHJ,tH cocras BbmYCKMC5! aaxainxoJl.dMR YCKOpeHUO, 6e3 He06xOAHMOI'O HaAeTa H npaKTH'J.eCIGlX HaBEIKOB, IIpH.Q6peCTR xoropsre B CTpOeBblX 'laCTIDl: OKaSMOCb COBeeM aerrpOCTO.

A:>P0ApOMOB f!.MI 3TOH aceacapacrzuourejr a:pM1lAbI ae lCSdTaJi.O·, MH:o.rne TOILbKO CTPORlllfCb R!l.U

ne,... .. K·y 101·153 30PKO Ilrl!S!AI>18aeTCII8 tfe60.TM""t'fHall ,QoBoeHHa51 cj>OTorpacj>M"

pacnrapaxac», OW;Y:W;aACH HeAoCTaTQK asaeiraoanoro T01IAHBa, KOTOPI.IJ1r. Tpe66BMCSI. He TOlU>KO AfU{.BOsMQ)KHbIX 60eBbIX AeficI:mrl;j:, 110 H M5lnpoSeAeHlli.l TpeHHpOBO'IHhlX lIOAeTOB. KaK HH CTaPi;lJlMCIi 3KOHOMlITIi, 3TY npo6he.MY He penman. J\.eToM 1941 r. HeKo'ropble qa.cnr l'lMMJ'l aarrac TOIl.ll.l![Ba AHIDb ae ABa-TpH AHll ooe8EIX AeficTBHH. KpoMe sroro, KOMaHA0BalUre 6eper.ii:.o He 'rOAbKO TOIIl\Jii:BO. HO H pecypc aBHaABI1r.aTi::heJ1, KoorOPOFO Hpj'[ :BHTeHCmIIIEIX TPSHKIJOBO'lIIhlX. lIOJl.eTaX, He OCTilAOCb ObI AMI. BOHHhl.

Em;e OAHOIl· aanacrste CTMa aeo6.5I~OBeHHO CHeJKHa5.I:, .HeHacTFldsr 1'1 CNfKOTHa,I 31Thfa 1940/41 r. OTBpaTI!lTeAbHalI noroza MemMa OOAHon,e.mroMY BBOAY B crpOH MOJl.OAhIX AeT'IHKOB, a :I'D{ B nOCi\.eAH1010 npenaoeaayre OC8IU, B BOllcKa IJ;Pn6IiU1.o HeMMO: TOMKO :8 BBe AemrarpaacxoIO noeaaoro oxpyra B ·ST0T rrepHOA.llpH.6.bIAO 'faD BhlnyGKHl'lKOB AeTHbIX mxoz, Maorne noxxa, B KQTPPl>18 OIUl HanpaB~.II,FrCI>, cymecTBQBaAJ!( saqacryt.o TbJU,i<O JHl oyMare - HMeIUfC:OJ\HJ.lIb HOMepa IIOAKQB 11 HX illTa6bl.

BecHoil 1941 r, OIIEITlIBIX AeT'l1'[KOB na'laJ\.l'! TIepeCa1KRBaT.b aa TQAbK!'l ~l'O nplii~bIBlllHe HOBei[l.1llliS· HCTpe611TeAH Aaff-3, MHr-3 -H 511(-1. OCBO"liTh K hezy 3TH MamI!lIIhI 8 IIOJ\HOH Mepe YAaJi.OCb He MHOI'HM. Y MOAOAhIX A.e~.(jB nOAo5Hi:I.lI Cl'1TyaD;l111 CK.i\.<lAl>IBilAaCb IIpH OCB0eHlili MopaAbHO YCTapeBllm:x11-16 Ml1-153.

Bce yxaaeaasre 06CTO.5!TeAhQTBa. a Ta:KJKe aeAoCTaTKR 8 opraaaserraa CBj!3I1, caa6::oKeHHlI,a3- pozposraoro 06eCJ;1e"leHHlI n ynpasxeaaa csirpaAH .ae'r'a1'.lol:8HyIQ ponsa RKlHe 1941 r.

TeM He MeHee., Aa1K8 aa HMeBmllXCH «CTapH'J' KaJ!b COBeTCRHe AeTlfUKM CMorAl!! AOeTaBHTb HeM" IjaMN:HOro HerrpHHTHocTei!. 9:ro xacaercx HOBblX TtIcTpe6rueJl.eH, TO a-reseaae rrepsoro rOJ;\aBOHHbl OOTepM aa HHX OKaSaJ\.l'!Cb HeHi:lMHOro .MeHhlIle. 3TOT cpaI<T IIIHmeJl. Ai:lJKe K TOMY, 'ITO BMOTE> ,11,0 L94·2 r. HeOABOKpaTHO IIOAHHMMCll BOTIPOC 0 80- . 306HOBlI.eHlni npcaaaoacraa 11-16 1'1 11-153'.

26

no BOCIIOM.HHaRHRM M'<£pmaAa aBHa.Izylli A. A. RoBHKi,lBa (TorAd - KOMaIl'AyIom;ero BBC Kpa€HOH apsraa}, 26 ceHTH6pst 1942 r. era HeOJKWAaHHO HpHI'J\aCl1IiIH B CTaBKY, TIPHlrnHOH B'hl30Ba craxo np.e,ll,J\OJi(eHl1I8' B0306HOBl'ITb BbIIIYe:K crapsrxjacTpe6wreJl.eii:

«C, A XYMKO,B (KOMaIIAYIDIIII1K BBC 3anaArroro ¢'poH'ra - A:am.)'npuII0MeplKKe.L!J...eHCl, Boaaaoro COBeTa H. A. BY1U'aHHHa HanJlCaJI. .B ceaTRope 1942 roAa CTaAHHY IIRCbMO, B KOTOPOM npOCJ.I./I. B0CCTaH@BHTb IIpOl:l3BOACTBO HCTpeOHTelI:e:M: 11-16 ill :11-153. CA8AaJI. 31'0 XYAKKO'B nOA .aa)ftHMOM KOMaHAI'I;pa HCl'peehtTM.bHOH· aBHaAIo.IBH- 3HH Hel\'IIJ;OBw:ta,

CTaAH1;[, rrpo-raraa I1UCbMO, B'hl:3BaA XY,lI,l{KQBa (of EYJI:rtaHmfa. BbICAYW,i;IB lliC10H Fie cor;:.:aClII\C$! c ~ H CKa3aJ1., 'ITO Bhl30BeT MeW'[ C WPOHTit, neperoaopar CD MHOH, rrpe~e 'leM np.IDi1.eT xaKoecHI;J:6YAb peIIIeIDIe .

.J'l Ob.!A Y C'I'i;lJlliHa 28 CeRl'.sIelpli 1942 :(,o,(l,a. OR CKa3dhMRe, 'n'O XY:AHK!:lB H EYJIT1lHHH. rrpOCHT llOCCTaHOBHTb npoH3BoACTBO ]/[-16 U 11-153. FlO OR He ,COrJl.aCeH C HUMl1I. '£! cxaaax, <fTO H -16 PI H-153 XDIlDIillI B q®o.lji0Hmell.:bHOMQ0IO, HD ELHKi;\RRe B HacrryrraTell.:bHOM, A MbI. conapaexca nacrynars, saaoeasraan, IIpe:aOC)(OACTBO ~ B03Ayxe, n03TOMY rrpOH3BOACTllO H -16 K H -153 B()CCTaHaBMtBan. lI.eqe71ecoo6'pa~1l;!0, CTa;,\.TUI COrMCl'1lI,~H e iM0Hl!<lM A0110;11,aJ\m, l'f npOHBBOA€TllO CTapEIX'CaM'OJl.eTOB He OIllAO :BOCCTaHOB1I.eao.,.))

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M;EinOOlliJ.. 3BTOCTapTepa

27

Meece.pWM"rr Bf 1 09E- OCHOBHO~ .npon<SH"'" cOBeTcKMx; ."cTpe6"TeneM. B Ha,'Iane Bem.Ko;;. OTe'leCTBBHHOM ,BOi'lHbl

B.BC AeHlrnrpBACl(Q'F@ B\i}.eRHOro expyra - 119 urry:K B tbcraIi8 7~rbi 19-m; 26·ro; 153-110 H l§4-r.0l{aII.

BBe ITpli6<i:JlcTHHCKOro 'BOBHHaro oxpyra - 284 m:I'Y'lQI. ~ cOc_Ta:se l,5,-Tp; 21-rQi 1l1l-ro; 42-ro; 49-ro H r4B-I'o Han.

BBC 3anat>;H0r0 oeo60TQ noeaaoro oxpyra+- 241 IDT¥Ka13 cocease 122-ro; 123-ro; 127-~·o. H 12~:·ro HaTI.

BBC KRe.acKoro 0t000tO BO'8EHOrD oxpyra - 454 ~ BCOC'l'aBe 12-ro; 20-ra; 23-rOi 46-1'0; g1eI'Q: gil-ro; 1.49-1'0; 164-ro H 165-1'0 Han.

BBC O!,;eCCKQroB.oeHHEiT0 olqilyra -_ 143 J:JTFYl<JLB eOC:IaIie 4-1'0 Jii :55.-ro,.Han,

C Y"IeToM]1~ 153, liiM8BllrnxC5I B 61-M;62.Mi 66-M; 74-M; 241-~ 299-MmTy:PMOBhlX <H:lHaTI8,iU(.ax, 06- mee KOj'ill<JeCTBo,,'qaeK»rrpHeiA:IDK~OGb K 1500 l{ COCl'Q)!))AAQ OKoho 30% B"ceX UCTPef.hITeAe(r, C0- c_peAo:rMe.El.'IIhlX H 3arr~ 0F\Pyrax (4226 G-aMO, Ae.T@SJ.

KpoMe TOro, iro Affil:HbIM. ap-mBoB MaaacropCTBa. o6QPo!'ffiI cC;:CPi 981 Ca.M;QAE!<:rOB PI-153 "WCAHlc0Eb B COCTaB"~ ClBHa.[q'l1i KpatHo3HdMeHHoT@ I>·g.JI.1¥i:i:q<oro, Cenepnoro 11. "-IepH9M.DpCIjioro $A:8T@B'" ITpa:BAa PeaA:bRO B crporo aBHaIJ;HH.BMID HaxO~OCb OI{OhO 360 Ta:tS:HX C<'!MOAeTOB - IIO'!Tn B AB-a -. Pa3<t MeHl>me, HOAooR@e' pa.c.JroJK,&.elilde C_B.SI3aHQ C Te.M,'l'l'O MHOJ:'He LlOAIOa H<UQp,_3)\'M,Cl> B 'CTqAma: .cp@PMHpOBaB:Hll, II03'l1?M.Y Od./IBnree 'lIfC/1.0 QffiHOCRTC5I K rnTBTHon 'II:iCA~.0.<;:m, a MeHbmee - .K ¢aKTll~e'€1\:QJt

IIQ COCT05lHmO Ra. 22 ID0R5I 1941 T .. B BBC KB<D HMeAOCl> lU8 M€.TpeeHr8.i\.eH Pl-153 (12, 13, 104-:lL OTAMbI:IE,Ie aJm<,!3~_B;1!,PH:Al,H Jii'71-H Han), B BEC -q'<ii;l- 7'QM-153 (8; 9; 32-HllaII),B BBC ca; - 18 H":t53 W2-11i:::MemaRRbrn aJH:IanO:II.KH 147-ii: Han),

KpOMeBBlme.rrepe>W:CAeHH'l>IX '!acreH, HCTpec DmreAM 11-"153 nMellMcE E·M~ IItKOl>a:x, 'IaCTrr BHY1P~mrux B~eHHBlX OIq?}'ToB ~ na Ad!!l>ReMc B-otrcnce. E"OAbI!llll,lCTBY 3THX MaiImH C T8'1eHReM:

BlleMeHH TalO!';;e rrpI{IllAOC~ npIDIllTb yqa.CTIiI8 B.60eB:blx AeHcTBIDlX,

Ha HCX(j)Ae ·caMoR KOPOTIWH AeTfIeir HO'lJii 194J T. 'ReM:eqK:aJf aBJiia:IJ;WI o6pyI:l1lilJo.itch Ha eoser-

28

croMe aapOAPO:M:bI. OCHOBHO;K YAap rrpmncxesr Hil. 3auC;AHblftGceO'bliii BOeHRblj;j: GK-Py1' , 3,ll;8CI., Ha C'rpaTerH'IeC:KoM HClD,p~A!'lE!l'I¥ Nh;:IHCK - MOCKB<lliCl"laAa .oo8Bhle AeiicTBHl'l:repM<'!HCKaff rpyn:rra apMaH «Llearp», 1I0MepJKliiBaeMalI 2-M B03AynrHbIM $AOTOlVl C 1680 60eBbIMil caxoxeeaMiL ~ }'1ili'[TOJKeH1i51 COBe'l'CKOH 8.BB,al.!Hl2l sa 3eM!\.e 5hl1U1 nOAffiLTJ>l B E03Ay). .Ele TOMKO 6ow- 5apAHPoBXD;;H1rn, HO n see E(aJlE.'UlHe l-fcTpe6Ii!TeAH_ XO'ra: OC1~:OB~ ~ClAa'ilY HaIIMaIQrqeH cropo.He YAaAOCb BhllIOJ\HlITl>, EO CaMblR TpaGHleCJ:Griil AeH}, MJ.I B.BC EKKA C.TiL'\. 11 AHer>it, naamacmero .repCiM3Ma H croiiKocTII COBeTCKHX Ae'PlliKOB.

3an~ Plqlyr rrpHKPhlBaA l1?aHHI:\Y rrporn)KeHHOcTEIO 4.70 Ii:M: OT Tpoaao AO Bpecra BK!UO'.Ill:.T8./I.bRQ, Ha era npa:s,@M.(pAaHTe Oa3,ffpOB8.JUl'Gb nON KH ll-a .cM8lliaBHo·fta1l11a.AHBH3HH: 122-1'0 Han c 7-5 YJ:-llil M 11-t53 Ra. a3-pOAPOMe CK.l1AENU;, Jii_ 121"1'0 HaU;' HMeB'I:l::rnl'1r 7211-:1'53, 6a3HpOBaB~C5I B ABrycrone (lQro-Boo<r:O'lRee PpoA!-lOj, Ooa aOiI.K8., llEh.lllll1.l:HeC5r XOPOIIlO' rroA'toTOBJl.e'HHl>IMH <racTlrMH, aa paGC;eeTf;! :PoAffiIAlii no TPeBore :ad nep~XBaT HeMeT~6oM6ap/.l:llPOB!l:IRROB. Ca."'I!OJl.eru, xoroptre. oKa.::m,.iUfo, .He~cnpa.B~, IIO;ll,BeprhHC.b 6oM6.CiPAHPOBK8 H 5EIA.H ·ymnrrO)Ke.HbI, OCTaJI:b:f!Ble rrpaasJUl. OOH. Y:>Ke B nepB9M B&JAeTe Ae'F'rnKp,M 122-:1'0 rroJUli.a. YAaJlOCb COMTh'leThlpe .BpW:KeClQiO( Ma.rm:tBbI, TIe'paM BC'rpe'-l.a (("-IaeKw·· 9TQI'CI IIOh](a c npo'(llBEl'(.)(QM UPOl!90u:rAa .B paftoae ndCeAeHH:btl( nyH:F';TOB"-Iep~eH.a- Mocm - rpO)\;B"9- BCTp!;lTHB 6o;u.myro· rpYIlIIY H'eMe~FI:X CaM.OAe'l'I1lB, COBeTcxae ill!L'U)1'bJ YJIlil'ITO::>KID\H ce:M:b M:illIlEH, rrcrepsn qe'I'hlPe CBOJ<[X.

B Te'lelille AHH HeMeIlKalI aBHa.u;l'rn rpynnilM1:I .B 1.0 - 30 CaMOAel'QB Heop;H0Kp~rHO IlOABeprat.a 6ol' .. r6<1PAHpOBKe soe. a3pOApOlYl'br ll-i\ eaA, Ao Hac:ryIIl\:eHIil!I cyuepeJ':. BaA ~THNI pa:ilOWM ae npeK:Pam;aJUrCE il03,1l,-ym:-m;re 60H, B· pegy.u,r<'!re AeT'l"HIUl: 122·ro H 127-l,'0 1l0.hl<QB CO.I;tI\:M. 35 cp~c.J'.CKHX taMOAerOB. KOMciHAl'lP 3CKa,iXPMJl.bJii 127-r:o MaII~e:iITeHaHT C. Jr. /K.y:KOBCl<HE;, B Te~re.rut:e ·timI Ael':lHTh pa3 nOiWHMaAC5I :a B03AYX H B ABBm"H B09- AYIIIElblX 6mlxcoHA qeTIiIpe HerrpIDlTl'VUoCKH,!:!-Manraasr,

3dMKOM3CKd. A. A Apressoa B AeBlITI'I BblAeTax 126m. rpa caxoaera, 3W~0~13CKa A C. AaHMAoB BcrynMA B 60H C AeBHThlO Bf 1 W. ABa lil3 IUIX COHII.. a Tpentii. paccrpexaa ace I1dTpOHbI. TapaRMA CBO,e.iii "liaiilCOif».

X(ITH B Ha'!Me 194 1 r. B HcrpeO!'lTeAbH hie xec'I'll COBeTcKHX BBe CTaJ\liI nocryua'n, HOBble 12&'<10- AeThI. K HaqaA Y OOeBI>D( Aei1:crmdl AaAeKO He sceM J\.eTff1l:Kal'! YAaAOCb MX OCBOI-ITb. 129-ti Hall H3 COCTdBa 9-it CdA. 5d.3HpoBaBllllfH.cH Hd aapoaposse

3aOAYAOBO IO.JKHee BeAOCToKa. HMeJ\ B AeHb na'IaAa BOHHbI ABa KOM:rIheKTd Ma.nrnH - 61 MHr-3 FI 57 11-153. Boeaers I1H11.0Ta..'4 ITOJ\.Kd. nplUIlJl.OCb Ha Ca:MOAeTax o501£X 'nmOB.

l.23-ii: MaIl 113 COCTaBa IO-ii: CdA. 6a3MpOBaBu:mHCl'( ae a3pOAPoMe C:rPHTOBO. B AOIlOJl.HeHHe K 61 11-!53IloJl.Y'lM B Ha'laAe xera 20 HOBbO(. ac'rpe6I-1TeJl:eW HK-l. Ho «51KH» 6hI.i\H c06paHbli\.lfillh 19-ro. sa TP" AHH AO poxosoro 22 HlOH.H. nepBhlH YHI-I"ITOJl(eHHI>IH cassoxer 3aI1I-1Cdi\. na C'IeT [23-ro

.lKapKoe neTO 1941 r, B 60;; 00 CHSlTbIM"*allI03M "anOTa

TaKMM 0l(33a1l0Cb aa ... a110 BO;;HbI. Pa36MTble M COJlOl(eHHble 101-153 Ha aapoAPoMe neTOM 1941 r,

29

HeMetjKItH COJ1,1IBT B. pa36ltToi1 .'ia"Ke. Ha 3aXBa~eHHOM a3pOP,POMe

111-153 nepesepHYTbloi B3PbIBHO;; BOJ1HO;; 110 BpeM" HeM94Koi160M6eJIO<l1COBeTcKoro ~3poAPoMa

Mall KOMaHAHP nOAKa MdftOP CypMH. Ha HK-l OIl c6H1\..B lliITh yTpa mmBhIif Bf 109. Bcero B <IeThlpex Bhlt\.eTCIX B Te'leHlle AHJI CYPHH YHl'I'l.TO/KHA rpa spaacecxax CaMOAeTa. OCHOBHOM Macce IlHAOTb:B IIpHlII.AOCb soesars na npl'IBbl;'l.HHIX «1.{a:i1- xax» .. OKOAO 8 '1aCoB yrpa'ieTBepKa 11-153, seAOMrur KalIl?ITaHO)l1 MO$aeBbIM, IIpHKp1iIBalI Ha3eM~I.hIe BOHcKa n.paiioae Bpecra, acrperaxa BB.! 109. B Hep~gOM 6mo cosercxae lIH1\.OTbI CBaAllJIJl '!'pH HeMeIl,KllX HCTpe6l!IT6Ni, norepas OARY MaIIIHHY. Bccro aa 3TO,), AeHh AeT'lHKH 123-1'0 Han YHHQTOJKHA'H OKOAO 30 HeMeIl,KHX CaMOheTOB, norepsa 9 CB(OlHX.

Hecsrorpx aa repOH'feCKHe AeHCTBIDr 1IKlI.01.·OB, nOT~pH q'meTcKoft aBHan;HH 22 maH5f 1941 r. OKa-

30

a8AHCb aecsxa 3Ha'illT.eAbHbI. TbAbKO B-HC 3arrdAnoro oxpyra (c Ha'l.aAOM BOHHbl npeo6pa30BaHHO- 1'0 B 3arrClAIILIM cpPOIIT) norepsxa B 3'1'OT AeHb 60- Aee 100 CaMOAeTOB. Boxsuras 'Iacn, lIX nOI1f611,a na seMAe, TaK H He ycnea rrOAHliTbCSI B B03A)'X.

YAapbI aeMeIl,KOH aBHa.:qHH.l1O COSl:)TCKHM a.3- pOAPOMaM upOAOA)KaAHCb H B irocAeAYIDIIJ;He AHa. Ao Ko~a' MeCliIJ;a aBHau;HR 3arrdARoro cPPOHTCl, IilMeB=dlI aa 22 mona 1941 r. 1900 casroAeTOB, rrorepsxa OKOAO 1200 MalIII!!H.

Herrparrrexs AD 5 IDOM 1941 J'. 1I0TePli.A 60Aee. 800 C!")MOAeTOB, r:q:lF.flIe!,<! OCHOBHdR A9AJ;! rroreps 6.bl;A.a EI noxoce Aei!CTBRl'I amm:qHH 3an.ilARoro; tPPOH1'a, BHeCAH cBoii HeMa.JI.hti:l: BKAdA B 31'01: 50- eBORC'IeT H HCTpe6wre!UI M-153.

YJKe B XO;W aOEm· rra ¢pOHT CTaJIJiI. II@crynaTb aBl:I'd"ldCTK l:I'3 l'Ay6oKO.rO Thl7I.a. 29-.H KpacaoaaaMeHHt.r:H HCTpe6HTeIl.»HbtH: aslmllOAI<, BXOAIUl:tlIHiir B 31-IO CMeWaFJRYIO aBHO!ABB·Fl3lilO. 6a3HPO'BaBmyroCli aa Aa;u.l'leM BOCTOKe, HMeAHa BOOPYlKe,mm HCTpe6HTeJllir 11-153 H YI-16. Bo Bl'OPOH IIOAOBHHe IDOWf coe;ll;HHeHHe TIOA~O npaxas o nepe6a3:HpoBaf.l.Y[H K 9drrClAHOH rpaaane COBe'!'cnoro COI03a, 0 Ha.'IaAeaoHm.:! Y3liaJlJily;,>Ke. B rryTH. 3 .MIOAR, rroz, CBepAMlBcKOM, CaMOA,€Thl CHJlAH C :1KeAe3HOAopOJK1lldX ID\.aTcPopM, c_o5paJ\.I{ II 01'rrpaaaxa lIO B03AYXY K MecTY pa3rOpaBmHXC5I cpa:1Kemm. B IIepBbIX'llIOl\ax.m.OJill 29-ihraII BM.eere c 'AByM5I o0MoapAlilpOBO'!llHM'tllIOhKaMIi 31-iIr CaA IIPKObL:\ Hi) 3arraA~ CPPOBT, BCIO AHBH31fl{) cocpeAOTO'ffiAH B pallone ropoaa 50A01'oe. 5011 asrcr nepaoz, BeARC» pKe Era. II.OAcTynax K C~o(QABHCKY, 1'1 Crasxa BepxoB1;mro T AaBHOK0MiJHAOBaaHR IIpHAdTaAa BCe YCHAHR AMI YKPeIlAeHH,lI rp.poHTa. nDAT5JTHBaH cIOAa pesepnasre apMmL K nc:xoAY 6 mqAH 29-H Ran, KOTOP'bIH eme naxoAHAC5IB rryra Ea CPPQJI1:, II0Ay<LTdA 60eBYJQ 3iJAaQ:y lIO upaxpsrrmo C B03AyX'.a 'MeCT BblrpY3KH H CocpeAOTOQ.eHH5I "IaCTen 29-:K apMHH. ITOhK, HMeBIJ:1:Hiii Ha BOQP)'JKBiHHH 62 Hc:tpe6HTBAR H-153 H 11-16, pa3Ae'lUIA.l!! Ha ABe 't{ac;IH e. MeC'raJ:vlH 6aSHPOBaHK5I· HU ·aspOAPoMax AOMOCAaBJ'U> K EAPOBO.

Ha pacCH8T8 7 HlOAH AaJ\:bHeSocTo<rIlHlnl' B.KAIO'JMJ\.Ii[C.h B 60eBYID pa6o:ty, Ae.M:c'J'BYR Bpa:tl:Oae aaCe1l:eHFrblXTlya:KTOB BbIllIs;mii BOAOqel{. Eoxcroe, AHAPearroA.b, CeAI'DKapOBGJ. ~JKe B rrepBI,Je AHH aa't{aJl:HCb .BbJJl.eTbl aa pa3BeAl<Y, llpHKphlTHe CBOH.XqaCTen H =YPMQBKY uacryneromax iIeMo;8B. lB 1llOjIJI !).el·'IHp;; 2-H SCKa,A,]ilHA.bJiI 29-.1:'0 nan .~ Ae:il:1eHaHT IOXI!IMOBU'l: llhll\e'r811. aa rrepexnar Ju 88 1'1 c6.M ero. 3Ta rrepaaa no6eAa B lIOhKY Obll\a AOO.btTa .. aa H-153 « l{a:i1:Ka» .

I1ocAeAYlOPJ;Re AID! TaK:1Ke OTMeTml1'fCb 60eBbIj',lH ycnexaxa. 28 HIOAHIIapa (l'laeKj) KOMaHAHpa 3CKaw~ xarrareaa TOpMo30Ba I'! MAiJAIIIerO AeHw8HaHTa AYAJiI.Ha nOAy<rIDI.a 3iJAa:qy no npaKpli,lTKlQ rrepenpansr BA pexe AOBaTb Y AepeBB.l-I' CeBacr:bl1HOBQ (pa:ti:OH BeJ\HKKX J\yK). I1y;rE. rrpeaeTOHA He 6AH3KH.J1:. BbIAeTeJill c UOA,BeCHBIM:H 6aK(lMH.

B paacae n;eJ\H llUpy araxonaaa 'IernepKa Bf 109, OAI:Ia:KO B 0TBe'J'HoH aT,dKe HHKOAUlO AYAIllIY YAaAOCb IIOA:1Ke'Ib ·OARR HeMsJ:lKIlll: RC'J'pe6HTeJ'lb. HeMI\bI B CHQIO o'IepeAb rroA6li1rn. CaM:OAeT TopM030.Ba. y aero saropexca AeBhlI':i ri0ABecHoM 6aK. rInrraHC.b c6H:J'E IL\aMK H CfiPOOl'l'b 6aKM:, KOMSqc B J'Ay60KOz,,! CKOAb:1KeaHH BblBaJll'IAC.SJK3 BOH. Tpomca Bf 109 nepeKAlO'U!Aa BHHMaHlIe aa {(qa:ti:KY» AYAHIfa. If irartpncno. TOPMD30B, crrpasanlIIHC.b e llo·::>KapoM. diipO.C:l1A !SaKI'! 1~,pa3BepI3YBlIIHCb, c6l'1A BTOPYID Renp.rurre.u.cKYJO Ma.rrnmy, Erne OAWi lIMeCCBpllIMHTT» 6bD\. )lHH'ITO:lKeH Ayfo,HHblM B i\.060:BOM: rapana, CaM IlHAOT IIpR3eMlUl'ACH Eta trapannore B pacnOAo~eHliIe HamID! RoiiclC KaIIF.lTClli TOPM030.B OAaI'oU:OAY'fHO neptryACK na CHOB: a3poApoM. TaR KaK 6o:il:npOXOAl'IA HilA CB-nen reppzropaea, OeiAOMl{H. COKTliIX .aeMelJ;KRX Ma.nm:H OliiHapy?KHAPl mi6AH30CTM. OKa- 3C1:AOCr;, 'ITO B STOM B03AymHOM 6010 0= c6MTbI ace 'len.rpe {(MeCcepa»,

3a STOT n APyrRe B03AYI.llI;ffiJ;e 60H Hm:co.A:a~ AYAIlli8 B OKTH6pe Hl41 r .. YAOCTOMlcH3~aHRfl repoz COBeTCKoro COl03.a. KpOMe.HerO enre 'leMepo HaF.IOOAee pe3YA.bT<l.TIUlHblX AeT'll1KOB noaxa C AeCHTblO H oo.)).ee no6eAaMn nOAY'ln:AK 3Brurne Tepees. 29·j:[ RaII. BeCbMiJ FIerrAoxo llopa60TaA B :'!'I:OT rrepaea na AaJlliHHX rrOAC'J.Y!IilX' K Moczne. TOAhKO aa ABa xecsna fideB AeT'lIfK:H IIOi\Ka corom 47 CaMOAeTOB rrpo.THBHMKa. ITPJ.L3TOM OHl(LEeOA-

• 'iaiiKa., 3axaa'leHHaSl HeM4aMM neTOM 1941 r,

31

aOI<paTHO npHBil.e.KClAHCr:. II K Br,IIrOliRemn:o nITYPMOBhIX AeiircTBIrii. 6 AeJ:(d6p5! 194"1 T. 29-iir Han, sa rrp05!BAeHHYIO oraary, MpKeCTBO, CTOMKOCTI> H repOH3M, rrpaxaaosr. HdPKOMd 060pOHe! 6'hlA YAOCToeH 3BaHIDr r~apAeB.Cl':;Oro H 13TM I'!MeHOBaThCH 1-ft rBapAeftcl!ClIil: HCTpe,6HTeADHbl'ii eaaaIIHOIDll.,nhIOi\K. TIOA}<, BeAymml. POAOCAOBH)'IO 0'1' aBHdOTpllAa 3HaMeHHTore PYCClCoro AeT1:JXl<a Tl, HeCTepOBq, . 3aKOcErq'HA BOihry B Bepz.aae.

H Tlpare. '

B aO<ffi C 21 ad 22 FIIOAH aer.mD;KaHi;1BHaql-l5l aa'l:aAd MaccHpoBaHHble' HMeTb! Hd MecKBY, Co- 311;aHHblK 20 ID0HH 1941 T, fVx5I 060POHbl COBeTCKOll croxnrrsr 6-H Kerpe6n.TeJri,Hblii asaexoprryc HdC'ilITblBaA B CepeAf.l;He moM! 783 i50eBble lI!la1Jlli.-

He!, cpell;R HHX « qaeKll HaC\lHTblBaAOCr:. 94, TO eCT.E> Ol<0Ml 12%, C .IrpHOAIDKeHHeM !lJPOHTd 3TH CaMOAeTbl B OCHOBROM HCnO.l\I,30BdlU'fCr:. />.J\5f aaneceHIDlYAapOB no Ha3eMJ:l:bllvI D;eMIM, O~ H3 HaHi50Aee OTMI\lHBIlIRXCl'! rrpa :;1'['0)11 coeAJ'!'HeB:l2l:'H CTaA 120- H Han, HMeBrnHR aa BoopyJKeHPlJif HCTpe6HTeiI.ll 11-153, A0 KOS:U;d 1941 T. A~T'lJ'IKl'l 120-To anaanOJIXa ReOAHQKpaTHO BblAeTEiAI1 ad IOTYPMOBKY HeMeqKiHX BOtiCK, B to;eKa.ope, KOTAd rroxx 6a'3H'jlO:BaAC>I aa l_leHT_Pal\±iH.Oj\i( aapOAPQMe Mocrmhl, ITFI.Aon;rI1-153 npR np0BeAeHIIH B03Ay:mEIQH pasaenKH nepBbIMHoi5Hap)'JKIDrn 0TcTYITaro~e OT COBeTcKQIl (':'OOrum;bJ Bpd1KeCKHe KOll.0BEhl. 3a yerreruElJl0 60eBYlO AeJITeA.bHOCTb 1.20-iif nan .B Map" 1'e 1942-r, nOJl.y<mA3BaHHe rndPAeHCKOro.

BbonST 3BeHa 101-153 Ha 608009 3;JAaH14e, IOI'(HI>'O; ¢lPOHT., pao;oH Map14ynonll. 1941 r •

• 'I"o;Ka. Ha non9BOM aapoAPoMB nOA~. H14KOnaeBblM. IO)I(Hb'" ¢lpOtlT, aBrycT 1941 r,

32

l1eiheH~HT A6pSMOB (S KaOMHe M-15~) M I(OMHCCap 71-ro Man BBC K641 CepO .. H

B cepeNme aarycra mscrepxy 11-lS3 US 738~rb Han, npID<j)htBaB1i:!:ylO aa:ieMH:!:.:re BOKCKa B paHOI'Ie CTaHlli.V>1 QepB.I\e.Ha5l [IOA rp03HhlM araKOBaAa napa Bf 110 H OK:a3aAaCh C6HTOH. YxacrHRK 3Toro 6051, he'J'1'IMK .A.!..eKCaHAP Ae6eAeB (n03- :1Ke OR CTI!.i\ OAHHM. H3 Cq.MliLX H3BeCTHhlX ncxapElbJ.X. Il1iLi\OTOB)B nocxcauax 'IHCJl.aX OKT1!'6pH 1942 r. Bhllle,Te.i\ na rrepexsar 'IetBepKH Ju 88, 3dXOAHBillffX na 6o]),{6aPAHPoBKY ropoza OPA*OH.I1~ K11A3e. Ha cnoea "qaMKe,j Ae6eAell Ct'J1'J.i\_E 11.000- BOH. a"Taxe neAyrn;e"rb BPaJK.ecKoM rpymnu, a ()CTaAbHEl:M. caMO!l.e.TaM. He'1l03E!ohl11l npnnexsno OT- 60MOHThCll.

Hcnoxsaoaenae H.-1S3.1l aaaatroxxax nsO Be.i\0 K HeYKAoHHoMy' coxpameamc '!HCha 3TID( caMOheTOB Ed rppoare. Bo .sropoa nO.i\~IlHHe HOHO-

p1! 1942 r. B 8-M HaK rmOBaKY OCTaBaAOCL lIIDJIh 20 acnpaaasrx «Haex», Aa. H B OCTaAbHhlX 'IaCTHX npOTMBQB03Ni'mHQll 060pO;E.lbr HX QCTanaJ\.OCb He.MHOI'HM:60Aee 80. nOC1I.eAHIIM rOAoM HCnOAL'30- llaHHH 3TH}{ HCTpe6lITeAeHB nBO CTaA 1943 r. B cAeAYIOII\eM 1944 r: crapsre CaMO.i\eThI rrOAHOCThHJ 3aMeH.I1hH cOllpeMeHHhIMli Ma:JIIHHaMM.

Msr OnHCaIDtl3: 50.ell.Oil: Ae~.!'reJ\l>ROCTH J1-1S3 aa ¢poHTeBepHeMC}I K C06hlTHHM Il 19itL r. Bo BTOpOH '):IoAOBHHe asrycra nOA AeHHHrpaJl,oM npoH30meA cJI.),,-IaiI, nonasuraa 130 M.HOTHe aanezmae rasersr. I10AQJKemre ropoza B TOT nepaoz, craaoBHJ\.0Cb xaracrporpa-recxmc HeMen;Kll:e BOMcKa, paaaanaa HaCTyrI1I-8}111e, ()6XOAH~ A8HmrrpaA C rora H, CMHRa.il: cpM.HrH AXJK.CIW.tt 050pOHJ!l:TeALaoil' nO.ll.OCLI, CTpel'<lli!'iliCb BhlHTIJ: .K Aa:L\0JKCKOMY oaepy, aaaepnrza. TeM CaMhlM OJqlYJKeHHe "6bIB~ .llIeM P.OCCH:HCK,OH CT0AMI1bl.

19 anrycra sosnynmax pa3E8AKa NJIfeCAa o npRABIDKeHHH KPYIIHOM: .seMeIlKo:i:i: MOTOPll30- Ba.mWft KOAOHHl>I ITO ;1I:opore 1-1:3 BOhbCOBO K KpacffOMY Cexy, HaxOArnlllIHHC5I na ·cjJpo.HTe MapIlIaJ,I. BopOmH.i\OB .I\H'!HQ npaxaaax KOMalIAYIDII\eMY BBC .A.!..eKCaHAPY HOBHKOBY IlblCJ\.aIh CaMOAeTEl AMI YHW'ITOJKemra KO}l.OHl{BI.

A,t..5r HaHeCeHHH YAapa BbIAeTe.ll.a aocsscepxa [..1>153 7-r:o Han 'nO)'\, K0MaIJ;AOBcUmeM crapmero .i\8HTeHaHTa CBHTeHKo. ATaKa na spare oxasaAaa, ycnemaoa, HO BO BpeMH BTOPOtO aaxoaa MaIll:IDIJ CBHTeH1<O [IOA6H.1lli OrHeM C seMAH, .R OR COBepIl1HA BornYJKAemryIO OOCClAKy na R3pbI1Yro

3'1

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HYJKBo OThfeTlilTb, 'ITO IloA J\eHBBrpdAOM trpaMeHeRRe I![crpeol'ITeAeii M-153 OKa3aAOCb AOBOA1>HO UPOAOAJKIITeAbHhIMIf peayJlf.1'aTillltuilll1. 3Aecb B YCA0BUIDC YCToihmBoii hIfElKH: 060POElbI. "qaM- 1m;) ReCAP! pa3.i'lK'lRytO eOeBYIO CA~6y:. conpoBO)f(AeH'I-1e rpeacnopra H expaaa rpaccst cHa6lKemm lI.eHHHrpaAa., HO<JHa5{ O)(:OTa aa npOJKeKTOpaM,l'{, Y'lacme B X<OR-rpoaTapeUHOH 5·0p1.6e,

K AeHlIBTpaACKl'IM 3lIH30AdM OTH(}cIITCH, aoxHoli rapan, coaepmearrsra Jl.eT'mKOM 26-1'0 aan AAeKCee~{ CesaCThlIH01lbIM. 26-J7! aaaarroxx, aa'1c1BIUHiisoBHy erne IlQABpeCTOM, oceusro t941 r. BOeBa.Jl.B COCTaBe 1-m IlICTpe6HTeAbHOI'O c1BHaKop:uycarIBO AelU1iEIT[IiIA<l H 6IdA .BliJAeAeH. cna:l1;Il!ilAbHO iJ./Ij[ HO'iliJiIX UO.ll:eTOB. Ha BoopYlKeH.I'm ::ITOrO :1l0AKd liHdeJUl:CIi HCTpe61-l;TeAli111-153, 11-16, )ilK-I.H AaIT-3.

B H01:Jh sa 5 FroJl6pJI Ce:sacn.mroB na H-t53 :Sl'iIll..eTeA MS! ELO'IHoro IiaTPYiUfpoBiUlIDI BdA heH0ID'1JdAOM. rOpOAB T0 Bpel>ll,! YJKe 50Aee Mecm:J;a saxoAJiI:A(i]ll' B 6J1.0KaAe, $.pOHT pacnoxerezcsr TaK QAH~KO, 'ITO HeMel:lKHe ·CaMOJl.eTbI aa C'IHTaHfIhl MIm}'TEI AOheTaAH .11.0 II,e:HTpal.lb:a:t.IX ·KBapTaAOB, 06HdPYlKeF.LI~b1lii: CeBaC'[bl!HOBblM 601016apAl<fpOBrqmc He 111 mex HaA HeBOH B crepoay C101OJl.&HOroo ATaKH IlHIIO'ra ictfafurn}) OKa3aAli1C.b 5e3ycrremHJ,u,m, 60el<OMlIAeKT fiLlcrpO 3aJKOH"'UIJI.CJI, HO'.lHaR OX'OTa. KB:BO Ete C~Cb. He ACmIDI spaJK.eCJ{oMY caJ>IOAeryyiiITll!, CeBaCTl:iJiBOB ·Tapa.Bl'l:A '!txeHHKe/lli» H CaM ShiDPOCIilAC'.H C nepanncroee, 06J1.0MKH MaJIDIB ynaJl.I!LB TasplAecKilil CdA.

.)\eToM 1942 r, l:reMe:qKafI aJnfa~l1:a :IlpeAJIP~H.nJlil paA Macc I'fPOBaJ:IH]j1X HaAel.'OJl ad KPOHIIlTaA TCKj'IO noeHHo-MOPCK)'lO 5a3y. I1p1lT.<PbIBd.JI. KPOHmTdAT 71-M. aan, KMeB.llIl'IJ'!l B TO BpeMfI OKOJl.O 20 HC1'pe5.I'ITeJl.eH M-153l'l VI-16. B nepHoA C 28 Mafl DO 14 HIO.i\J:I BeMell,1CIDI dBlila.IJ;RJJ rrorepaaa B 3'1'0101 paaoae 24 caxoxere - 71-i1J Han DOTep:£, He HMeA. KQl>mccap nOAKa. ]If. Yl. Cep6mI aa 3TOT llepROA cl'iRh aa 11-153 Tpl'l He 111 JUITUIO If OARB B nape. B Elm'!:b na 3 aroaa 1942, r. Cepfiaanaxo-

napa .',!aSK. B nonere

,35

Tpeeora aa a3,pOAPDMe"CTpe6 .. TenbHoro nonxa Mal10pllJ 6em .. ~ .. a. BonxoBcKllit cjIPPHT, paitoH TIIXBIoIHa, AeKa6p,b '1941 r,

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KpoHIITi:~'lla. •

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Y.>!!;e ·s xOAe ~o.ifl,!:hl 11-1.53 nOA'}"IH1Il1 He0)K11- Ad.J'IHYI:9CIIeL\Fl.aJ\R3~. C03AaHHhle B KOHl.'(e 1941 1'. HOlJH:b;le. 6oM6apAHpOBO'lHhle noxxa 'aa caMOAetax Y-2, P-5 H P-Z B Te'teHHe nepBoii noeaHOH 3HMbl.AeHCTBOBdAH BqO.(IHe ycnellIHo .. AoHdCTYJTA.eHIDl B.eC1Ibl AOMHe TeMHffie HO'lli ocrenaARCh BepHbIM COI03HBKOM 31'HX <CHe6eCE;PIX TlIXOXOAOB». H0 BeCRoH li{ oc06eH1iO .II.eTOM HOT,lHhIe 60M6aPAHPOBlIIHRH CT<lAi'L ReCTH o:rJzyTH1'U>Ie IIOTepH OT HeMe:rJ;RlPC B03AymHhlX OXO'1'HliIE'OB. oblAO npaasro pemeHH8 AMI Sarn;nTI:i1 <iHO.q:(ll!l(OBJ} B:bIAeAHTb FrI1:TpeOHTeJ\lf, «-qaii~PIf), o6AaAaBn:r::rde KOporKliIM B.3A8'I'bM H nOCd,1l,KOU, KaK m~.IU>3R xysme IIOAXOAH-JI,H AMI 31'QH ~eJ\H.

36

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B ad'lSM 1942 r, COBeTCKd5! 4>p@lITOBd5!,anlii~UII HMeAa HeMHOrHM 60ll.e-e ABYXCOT C~0A\ITOB lA-15j_ K KOHJzy AeTHerO ceaona KOAH'IeCTB03TIrx: aerpe- 6JiITeA£!H cOK;paTMAoCb 60Aee 'leM BABOg. TIo COCTORHHIO aa 1 IflONI. Ha <ppome HMehOCb 83 « qaii:KID)., H3'H!:l'X·42 MaIIllfHhl B 5-UB03,6,ymHOH ~PMllli.

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MeHOBaHlie CMemaHH:QTb l'! AeifcTBOBaA Ii 'l'aKOM COCTaBEl AO 'BeCHbI 1943l'. B anpexs 662.f.!: can paccj:JOPMHPOBaJUI, MCTp~6:IITeAl'I' nepeA8.JIJiI rroA.K)' M3' COCTaBa 14-M B03AynIRo:11I apMBE.

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B 7KH3HH nOAOQgOe BCTpe'faAoq,. YJKe KpaHHe peAKo.

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M-153 B KMTae

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37

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