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|6th Grade|Physics|Revision Sheet|

Chapter: Motion and Measurement of Distances

• Different modes of transport are used to go from one place to another.

• In ancient times, people used length of a foot, the width of a finger, the distance of a
step as units of measurement.
• This caused confusion and a need to develop a uniform system of measurement arose.
• Now, we use International System of Unit (SI unit). This is accepted all over the world.
• Meter is the unit of length in SI unit.
• Motion in a straight line is called rectilinear motion.
• In circular motion an object moves such that its distance from a fixed point remains the
same.
• Motion that repeats itself after some period of time is called periodic motion.
• Measurement: The comparison of an unknown quantity with some known quantity of
the same kind. Measurement of an object consists of :
 The unit of measurement.
 The number of units the object measures.
• Conventional Methods of Measurement:
 Conventional measurements have only been approximate measurement.
 Differ from person to person.
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 Lack precision.
 Handspan: Length between the tip of thumb and little finger.
 Cubit: Length between the tip of middle finger and elbow.
 Arm length: Length from shoulder to the tip of middle finger.
 Footstep: It is the distance covered by a step.

 Standard units of Measurement: It is a unit to measure any quantity completely and

uniformly. Standard units for measuring, length-meter, mass-kilogram, time-second.
 Motion: When the position of a body does not change with the passage of time, the
body is said to be at rest. When the position of a body changes with the passage of
time, the body is said to be in motion.
 Types of motion:
 Linear motion: Linear motion are further classified into two:
 Rectilinear Motion: Object moves from one position to another along
a straight line. Example: group of ants moving in a line.
 Curvilinear Motion: Object moving a long a curved lines. Example: a
car moving along a curved road.
 Random Motion: When object moves from one position to another and changes
direction in an irregular manner. Example: butterfly, flies randomly in garden.

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|6th Grade|Physics|Revision Sheet|

 Circular Motion: Object moves in a circular manner in relation to its own axis or
around a fixed centre. Object remains at the same distance from a fixed point
which is the centre of the path of the motion. Two types of circular motion:
 Revolution: Object moves as a whole around a fixed centre. Example: earth
revolving around the sun in a definite orbit.
 Rotation: Object moves in a circular path in relation to its own fixed axis.
Example: blades of a moving fan, windmill, etc.
 Vibratory Motion: Object moves to and fro very fast. Example: strings of a guitar
when plucked.
 Periodic Motion: Object oscillates to and fro along the same path again and
again and with the same speed. Time taken by an object to complete one
oscillation is same, no matter how many oscillations the object takes. Example:
heartbeat, pendulum of a clock.
 Non-periodic Motion: Object does not repeat motion at regular intervals of
time.
 Uniform Motion: When the body covers equal distance in equal time interval.
 Non-uniform Motion: Motion in which the body covers unequal distance in equal
interval of time

Chapter: Fun with Magnets

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• Magnets: Materials that attract iron. Natural magnet is called Lodestone or magnetite.
• Magnetite is a natural magnet.
• Magnet attracts materials like iron, nickel, cobalt. These are called magnetic materials.
• Materials that are not attracted towards magnet are called non-magnetic.
• A freely suspended magnet always aligns in N-S direction.
• Classification of substances based on attraction to magnets:
 Magnetic Substances: Materials which get attracted towards magnets. Example:
copper, iron, nickel, etc.
 Non-magnetic Substances: Materials which do not get attracted towards
magnets. Example: wood, paper, plastic and most metals.
• Methods to make Magnet:
 Single Touch Method: A piece of iron or steel can be magnetized by stroking it
several times with a magnet in one direction.
 Double Touch Method: Opposite poles of two bar magnets are brought together
in the middle and then moved from the middle in the opposite directions to each
other.

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|6th Grade|Physics|Revision Sheet|

 Using Electric Current: The bar to be magnetized is placed inside the coils of a
conductor and current is passed through these coils of wire.
• Properties of Magnet:
 A magnet has two poles – North Pole and South Pole.
 Similar poles repel each other.
 Opposite poles attract each other.
 Magnetic poles always exist in pairs.
• Applications of Magnet:
 Compass needle: It points north-south because the earth is also a giant magnet.
 The compass lines up with the earth’s magnetic field.
 Used in factories for lifting heavy masses of iron like scrap iron.
 Used in the construction of telephones, electric bells, etc.
 Used to separate iron and steel from non-magnetic materials.

Chapter: Light, Shadows and Reflections

• Light: Light is the natural agent that stimulates sight and makes things visible.
• Emission of light: Classifying objects on the basis of emission of light.
 Luminous Objects: Objects that emit their own light. Example: sun, electric
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torch, firefly, etc.

 Non-luminous Objects: Objects that do not emit their own light but are visible
due to light falling on them. Example: moon, chair, table, etc.
• Transparent: Objects or materials through which light can pass totally. Example: glass,
water, air, etc.
• Translucent: Objects that allow light to pass through them partially. Example: butter
paper, tissue paper, etc.
• Opaque: Objects that do not allow light to pass through them. Example: book, brick, etc.
• Shadow:
 Region without light that forms behind an object kept in the path of light.
 Opaque object cast a dark shadow.
 Translucent objects produce a weak shadow.
 Transparent objects do not cast a shadow at all.
 Types of shadow:
 Due to smaller light source:
 Only one dark shadow is formed and this is known as umbra.
 Due to larger light source:
 Two shadows are formed-a dark one in the centre and a light one
on the outside.

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|6th Grade|Physics|Revision Sheet|

Dark shadow is called umbra and the faint or lighter shadow is

called penumbra.
 Eclipse: A shadow formed in space that makes the sun or the moon invisible for some
time.
 Solar eclipse: The moon comes between the sun and the earth, so that the earth (in the
shadow) darkens during the day.
 Lunar eclipse: The moon and the sun are in a straight line such that the earth is in the
between the sun and the moon, the shadow of the earth falls on moon and the moon
cannot be seen.
 Reflection of light: The process of sending back the light rays which fall on the surface of
an object. Silver metal is one of the best reflectors of light.

Chapter: Electricity and Circuits

• Electricity: It is a flow of electric current.

• Electric Current: The Electric current flows around by Electric Circuit.
• Electric Circuit: In a closed electric circuit, the electric current passes from one terminal
of the electric cell to the other terminal.
• Circuit Diagram: It is a symbolic representation of the electric circuit.
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• Components of Electricity:
 Connecting wires: Help to conduct the electric current and complete the circuit.
 Bulb: Lights up when an electric current flows through it.
 An electric bulb has a filament that is connected to its terminals.
 An electric bulb glows when electric current passes through it.
 Switch: Switch is a simple device that is used to either break the electric circuit
or to complete it.
 When a switch is on, a gap in the circuit is bridge by a conducting
material through which the current flows.
 Electric cell: An electric cell has two terminals; one is called positive (+ ve) while
the other is negative (– ve).
 Connecting wires, bulb, switch and electric cell is used in Torch, Battery, LED
(Light Emitting Diode), etc.
• Conductor:
 Materials that allow electric current to pass through them.
 All metals are good conductors of electricity.
 Carbon is the only non-metal which is a good conductor of electricity.
• Electric current is stopped by Insulators.

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|6th Grade|Physics|Revision Sheet|

• Insulators: Materials which do not allow electric current to pass through them.
Example: plastic, rubber, wood, glass, polythene, PVC, etc.

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