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0 Basics Facts About Clinker

This document summarizes 10 basic facts about clinker: 1) Reducing raw mix rejects lowers burning and grinding costs. 2) A short burning profile improves grindability and strength while slow cooling harms strength and workability. 3) Consistent burning requires an oxidizing atmosphere to prevent composition fluctuations that cause non-uniform clinker. 4) Higher free lime content reduces setting times.

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Ahmed Younis
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441 views

0 Basics Facts About Clinker

This document summarizes 10 basic facts about clinker: 1) Reducing raw mix rejects lowers burning and grinding costs. 2) A short burning profile improves grindability and strength while slow cooling harms strength and workability. 3) Consistent burning requires an oxidizing atmosphere to prevent composition fluctuations that cause non-uniform clinker. 4) Higher free lime content reduces setting times.

Uploaded by

Ahmed Younis
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Technical Memento

2-9) Review: the "10 basic facts on clinker"

‰ 1) Raw mix The reduction of raw mix rejects reduces the burning temperature and the
rejects cement grinding energy: § 1-2-1
§ 1-2-3 b
100 µm R in raw mix: 20% Ô 10% ◊ - 4 kWh/t on both raw mix & cement grinding.
This is particularly the case for siliceous rejects. This action is also rather fa-
vorable to strengths.
‰ 2) Burning A short profile helps grindability and strength development. Slow cooling § 2-1-1
profile adversely affects strengths and workability. § 2-5-2
Clinkering level: 30 min. Ò 60 min. ◊ - 3 to - 10 MPa in the laboratory. § 2-5-5
‰ 3) Burning Production uniformity requires an oxidizing atmosphere because a reducing
atmosphere atmosphere promotes volatilization ◊ "cyclic" operation, sulfate and alkali § 2-1-2
fluctuations, thus a non uniform clinker:
SO3 variation in clinker from 1 to 4 % ◊ variation in % alkali sulfates ◊
possibility of large 1-day strength variations..

‰ 4) Free lime An increase in clinker free lime content reduces both initial and final setting
content times § 8-2-2
+ 1 % free CaO ◊ - 50 min on average (- 10 to - 100 min depending on clinker).
Similarly, the addition of lime shortens both initial and final setting time.
‰ 5) Clinker C3S An increase in clinker C3S content (to the detriment of C2S) improves § 2-7-1
content strengths at 1, 2, 3 and 7 days: § 2-7-2
+ 10 % C3S ◊ + 2 to + 5 MPa § 2-7-3
§ 2-7-4
At 28 days, the increase is less noticeable since there is also a contribution
from C2S.
‰ 6) Clinker C2S At constant Blaine specific surface, grinding energy increases with C2S con- § 2-7-1
content tent. Inversely it reduces with an increase in C3S: § 2-7-2
+ 10 % C2S ◊ + 5 kWh/t for 350 m2/kg SSB § 2-7-3

‰ 7) Clinker alkali Alkalies always work against 28-day strengths no matter under what form § 2-7-2
content they are: § 2-7-3
+ 0.1 % Na2O equiv. ◊ - 1 MPa. § 2-7-4
§ 2-7-5
‰ 8) Clinker At optimum sulfate content for early ages, soluble alkalies, in particular in the § 2-7-2
alkalies and form of sulfates, improve early strengths: § 2-7-3
sulfates + 0.1 % Na2O equiv. ◊ + 0.5 to 1.5 MPa § 2-7-4
§ 2-7-5
The effect increases as the C3A content increases.
‰ 9) Alkali Alkali molar saturation by clinker SO3 facilitates control of workability:
§ 7-2-4
saturation Alkali saturation ◊ Ô water demand and Ò fluidity and early-age fc.

‰ 10) Excess If clinker SO3 is increased beyond alkali molar saturation, an increase in § 2-4-2
Sulfate / clinker fineness and grinding energy can be observed. § 2-5-3
§ 2-7-2
alkalies + 1 % excess SO3 ◊ + 4 to 5 kWh/t.
§ 2-7-3

ÎGo to next chapter

Chapter 2 : Burning – Page 11

CONFIDENTIAL – For Internal Use only

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