Design of The Real Time ECG Signal Processing and Monitoring System Using Lab VIEW With Data Acquisition System
Design of The Real Time ECG Signal Processing and Monitoring System Using Lab VIEW With Data Acquisition System
Volume 3, Issue 6, June – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Design of the Real Time ECG Signal Processing and
Monitoring System using Lab VIEW with Data
Acquisition System
Sneha Dattatraya Todkar P.D. Pange
Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Asst. Professor Electronics and Telecommunication
Ashokrao Mane Group of Institutions, Vathar Tarf Vadgaon Engineering Ashokrao Mane Group of Institutions, Vathar
Kolhapur, India Tarf Vadgaon Kolhapur, India
Abstract:- Lab VIEW is the Laboratory Virtual Instru-
ment Engineering Workbench tool which is used for con-
tinuous monitoring of an ECG signal that is Electrocardi-
ogram. This Electrocardiogram is the extremely powerful
diagnostic and monitoring system which is used in now a
days medical practices. By monitoring any person’s ECG
we can predict many diseases which are related with heart
like Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA), Pulmonary diseases,
Cardio Vascular diseases (CVD) etc. This ECG signal is
generated due to nerves impulse stimulate to the heart.
Due to the electrical activity of the heart, a very small cur-
rent diffuses on surface of a body which build the small
voltage drop of 0.01 mV to 3 mV in amplitude. This small
signal can be further processed through instrumentation
amplifier where large signal are eliminated and small sig-
nals are only amplified and given to the filters where noise Fig 1:- Normal Sinus Rhythm
can be removed from this ECG signal. The pure ECG sig-
nal from the filter is in analog form which can be given to A normal ECG signal tracing is shown in above figure
the NI myDAQ to convert it into digital signal. This digital which contains waves like P wave, QRS complex and T
ECG signal which can be finely sampled at specific time waves. From an ECG reading, patients’ heart rate can be de-
interval into LabVIEW for its continuously monitoring. termined by the time spacing between QRS complexes. The
LabVIEW is used as the Graphical User Interface in which heart rate can be measured by using following formula as,
anyone can monitor this ECG signal very easily. This sys-
tem is cost effective for clinical applications. It will save the Heart Rate = ( 1/ RR interval in sec) * 60
patients history in LabVIEW with the help of excel sheets The RR interval in sec is the time interval in between
which will helps in future. two QRS complexes. Other medical conditions can be detected
such as Sudden cardiac arrest i.e. heart attack by an ST seg-
Keywords:- LabVIEW, Data Acquisition System (DAQ), NI ment elevation. The generation these waves are of hearts mo-
(National Instrument). tion that is, the P wave is showing the contraction of the atri-
um of the heart, the QRS curve is the ventricular contraction,
I. INTRODUCTION and the T wave is the repolarization of the heart.
An Electrocardiogram, or further referred to as an ECG,
is an extremely powerful diagnostic and monitoring system
used in all medical practices. ECG’s are used to observe the
electrical activity of the heart graphically to check for abnor-
malities in heart rate or electrical signaling. This electrical
signal generated by heart’s expansion and contraction builds a
potential difference of amplitude 0.01 mV to 3 mV and has
frequency in between 0.05 Hz to 113 Hz. This signal contains
P wave, QRS complex, T wave. The typical ECG signal trac-
ing is shown in below figure.
Fig 2:- Generation of ECG Waves
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Volume 3, Issue 6, June – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Generated ECG signal on Electrocardigraph is shown is The positive input electrode will be placed on the left
below figure 3 inner wrist, the negative input electrode will be placed on the
right inner wrist, and the ground electrode will be connected to
the ankle. This will allow for readings to be taken across the
heart with relative accuracy. This placement of electrodes car-
ried out ECG signal which can be given to the instrumentation
amplifier, low pass filter, notch filter and then DAQ and final-
Fig 3:- Normal Heart Beats ly it displayed on the LabVIEW i.e. Graphical user interface.
B. Instrumentation Amplifier :
The instrumentation amplifier offers low power con-
sumption with higher accuracy and precision. The ECG signal
Fig 4:- Fast Heart Beats carried from ECG probes is of having very small in amplitude.
This signal is amplified in this instrumentation amplifier with
gain of 1000. The gain of this instrumentation amplifier is con-
trolled by the register RG. To construct a multistage instrumen-
tation with a gain of 1000, or 60 dB, the following equation
should be applied.
Fig 5:- Slow Heart Beats Gain=(1+2*R1/ RG)
OP07 is used for instrumentation because it has very
high input impedance, low output impedance, minimum input
offset voltage, good CMRR. This instrumentation amplifier
Fig 6:- Irregular Heart Beats
minimize large signals from input signal and amplifies only
small signals. The design of Instrumentation amplifier is
Fig 3:- Heart beats at different conditions
shown in bellow figure 8.
Knowing a very small information about this generated
pattern of ECG signal we can quickly diagnosis abnormalities
of patients heart.
II. PROPOSED SYSTEM
A. Lead Probes
A standard ECG used in medical practice has twelve
electrodes that are placed in a mild semicircular pattern around
the lower region of the heart. These no of electrodes causes
more noise added into ECG signal. So it becomes difficult to
find abnormalities in ECG signal. For that three lead probes
are used in such a manner that placement of these three elec-
trodes makes Einthoven’s Triangle as shown in below figure
7.
Fig 8:- Circuit diagram of OP07 Instrumentation amplifier
This amplifier is having + 5 V and – 5 V power supply
because AC power supply introduce more noise into signal so
to avoid it DC power supply is used in this circuit. Bypass
capacitors are used near to power supply to ground AC con-
tents from input signal.
C. Low Pass Filter
The low pass filter is designed in such a way that it will
remove the signal which is of above 150 Hz frequency and can
Fig 7:- Einthoven’s Triangle filtered out signal of low frequency. Here second order low
pass filter is used because it gives better filtration than single
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Volume 3, Issue 6, June – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
order low pass filter. The gain of this filter has chosen to be E. NI myDAQ 6008
equal to one. So all the input signal will arrived at output side. The National Instruments USB-6008 devices provide
eight single-ended analog input (AI) channels, two analog out-
The circuit diagram of this second order low pass filter is put (AO) channels, 12 DIO channels, and a 32-bit counter with
shown in below figure 9. a full-speed USB interface. It consists of one 16 bit ADC and
one 16 bit DAC. Here we used 16 bit ADC where the signal
from notch filter is in analog converted into digital format and
given to LabVIEW for graphical presentation. The block dia-
gram of this NI USB 6008 is shown in below figure 11
Fig 9:- Circuit diagram of Second Order Low Pass Filter
D. Notch Filter ( Band pass )
Fig 11:- Block diagram of NI myDAQ 6008
The single ended analog input is having input signal
coming from Notch filter and this signal is converted into
digital ouput with 216 = 65535 counts. Which gives more
accouracy in digitised output signal. This DAQ (Data
Acquisition) System further interfaces this signal with
LabVIEW.
F. LabVIEW :
LabVIEW is Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation
Engineering Workbench tool. Here we interfaced NI myDAQ
6008 USB with LabVIEW. The digitised ECG signal is
graphically represented on this LabVIEW software.
Fig 10:- Circuit diagram of Notch Filter III. RESULT
Notch filter is the very important circuit of this system
The digitized signal from NI myDAQ system is pro-
for measuremnet of a small frequncies. Here, notch filter
cessed in LabVIEW software and put it in continuous While
filtered out the frequncy band where an ECG signal is
Loop so we can monitor digitized ECG signal continuously.
preserved and remove specific frequencies. While designing
For example below image shows the results of an ECG signal
the notch filter quality factor i.e. Q is very important and
processed.
should be high in value, which will give very sharp cut off at
interest point.
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Volume 3, Issue 6, June – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
[5] P O. Bobbie, C Z Arif, H Chaudhari, and S Pujari, Elec-
trocardiogram (EKG) Data Acquisition and Wireless
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[6] Channappa Bhyri*, Kalpana.V, S.T.Hamde, and
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[7] V. Bindhu • G. Ranganathan • R. Rangarajan, “Statistical
Analysis of Heart Rate Signal Features Using Lab-
VIEW ”, The National Academy of Sciences, India 2014.
Fig 12:- Displays of ECG Signal on LabVIEW
Here ECG signal is displayed at 1000 Hz sampling rate.
In graphical representation the Y-axis shows the amplitude of
the ECG signal in mV and X-axis shows time in second.
IV. CONCLUSION
LabVIEW is the effective tool for the ECG signal pro-
cessing with some additional hardware. It is of very low cost
and user friendly system that anyone can handle it. This sys-
tem removes very effectively noise and other signal interfer-
ence from the ECG signal. The future scope of this system is
we can save any patients history in this software so at any in-
stant we will have all medical history of a patient.
REFERENCES
[1] M Murugappan, Reena Thirumani, Mohd Iqbal Omar and
Subbulakshmi Murugappan, “Development of Cost
Effective ECG Data Acquisition System for Clinical
Applications using LabVIEW”.
[2] M. K. Islam, A. N. M. M. Haque, G. Tangim, T.
Ahammad, and M. R. H. Khondokar, Member, IACSIT,
“Study and Analysis of ECG Signal Using MATLAB &
LABVIEW as Effective Tools”, International Journal of
Computer and Electrical Engineering, June 2012.
[3] Choo Tien Weay , Foh Chit Horng and Sriskanthan
Nadarajah, “PC BASED ECG MONITORING SYSTEM”
[4] Aswin.P.Raj, G.Balaji, “ECG Signal Acquisition and Di-
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