Basic Thermodynamics Prof. K.

Srinivasan

Basic Thermodynamics Syllabus

BASIC THERMODYNAMICS
Module 1: Fundamental Concepts & Definitions (5)
Thermodynamics: Terminology; definition and scope, microscopic and macroscopic
approaches. Engineering Thermodynamics: Definition, some practical applications of
engineering thermodynamics. System (closed system) and Control Volume (open
system); Characteristics of system boundary and control surface; surroundings; fixed,
moving and imaginary boundaries, examples. Thermodynamic state, state point,
identification of a state through properties; definition and units, intensive and extensive
various property diagrams, path and process, quasi-static process, cyclic and non-cyclic
processes; Restrained and unrestrained processes; Thermodynamic equilibrium;
definition, mechanical equilibrium; diathermic wall, thermal equilibrium, chemical
equilibrium. Zeroth law of thermodynamics. Temperature as an important property.
Module 2: Work and Heat (5)
Mechanics definition of work and its limitations. Thermodynamic definition of work and
heat, examples, sign convention. Displacement works at part of a system boundary and at
whole of a system boundary, expressions for displacement works in various processes
through p-v diagrams. Shaft work and Electrical work. Other types of work. Examples
and practical applications.
Module 3: First Law of Thermodynamics (5)
Statement of the First law of thermodynamics for a cycle, derivation of the First law of
processes, energy, internal energy as a property, components of energy, thermodynamic
distinction between energy and work; concept of enthalpy, definitions of specific heats at
constant volume and at constant pressure. Extension of the First law to control volume;
steady state-steady flow energy equation, important applications such as flow in a nozzle,
throttling, adiabatic mixing etc., analysis of unsteady processes, case studies.
Module 4: Pure Substances & Steam Tables and Ideal & Real Gases (5)
Ideal and perfect gases: Differences between perfect, ideal and real gases, equation of
state, evaluation of properties of perfect and ideal gases. Real Gases: Introduction. Van
der Waal’s Equation of state, Van der Waal’s constants in terms of critical properties, law
of corresponding states, compressibility factor; compressibility chart, and other equations
of state (cubic and higher orders). Pure Substances: Definition of a pure substance, phase
of a substance, triple point and critical points, sub-cooled liquid, saturated liquid, vapor
pressure, two-phase mixture of liquid and vapor, saturated vapor and superheated vapor
states of a pure substance with water as example. Representation of pure substance
properties on p-T and p-V diagrams, detailed treatment of properties of steam for
industrial and scientific use (IAPWS-97, 95)
Module 5: Basics of Energy conversion cycles (3)
Devices converting heat to work and vice versa in a thermodynamic cycle Thermal
reservoirs. Heat engine and a heat pump; schematic representation and efficiency and
coefficient of performance. Carnot cycle.

K. Srinivasan/IISc, Bangalore V1/17-5-04/1

Indian Institute of Science Bangalore

Basic Thermodynamics Prof. K.Srinivasan

Basic Thermodynamics Syllabus

Module 6: Second Law of Thermodynamics (5)

Identifications of directions of occurrences of natural processes, Offshoot of II law from
the I. Kelvin-Planck statement of the Second law of Thermodynamic; Clasius's statement
of Second law of Thermodynamic; Equivalence of the two statements; Definition of
Reversibility, examples of reversible and irreversible processes; factors that make a
process irreversible, reversible heat engines; Evolution of Thermodynamic temperature
scale.
Module 7: Entropy (5)

Clasius inequality; statement, proof, application to a reversible cycle. ∮ (δQR/T) as

independent of the path. Entropy; definition, a property, principle of increase of entropy,
entropy as a quantitative test for irreversibility, calculation of entropy, role of T-s
diagrams, representation of heat, Tds relations, Available and unavailable energy.
Module 8: Availability and Irreversibility (2)
Maximum work, maximum useful work for a system and a control volume, availability of
a system and a steadily flowing stream, irreversibility. Second law efficiency.

K. Srinivasan/IISc, Bangalore V1/17-5-04/2

Indian Institute of Science Bangalore

Basic Thermodynamics Prof. K.Srinivasan

Basic Thermodynamics Syllabus

Lecture Plan
Module Learning Units Hours Total
per Hours
topic
1. Fundamental 1. Thermodynamics; Terminology; definition and scope, 1
Concepts & Microscopic and Macroscopic approaches. 5
Definitions Engineering Thermodynamics; Definition, some
practical applications of engineering thermodynamics.
2. System (closed system) and Control Volume (open 1
system); Characteristics of system boundary and
control surface; surroundings; fixed, moving and
imaginary boundaries, examples.
3. Thermodynamic state, state point, identification of a 1
state through properties; definition and units, intensive
and extensive various property diagrams,
4. Path and process, quasi-static process, cyclic and non- 1
cyclic processes; Restrained and unrestrained
processes;
5. Thermodynamic equilibrium; definition, mechanical 1
equilibrium; diathermic wall, thermal equilibrium,
chemical equilibrium. Zeroth law of thermodynamics,
Temperature as an important property.
2. Work and Heat 6. Mechanics definition of work and its limitations. 1
Thermodynamic definition of work and heat;
examples, sign convention. 5
7. Displacement work; at part of a system boundary, at 2
whole of a system boundary,
8. Expressions for displacement work in various 1
processes through p-v diagrams.
9. Shaft work; Electrical work. Other types of work, 1
examples of practical applications
3. First Law of 10. Statement of the First law of thermodynamics for a 1
Thermo- cycle, derivation of the First law of processes,
dynamics 11. Energy, internal energy as a property, components of 1 5
energy, thermodynamic distinction between energy
and work; concept of enthalpy, definitions of specific
heats at constant volume and at constant pressure.
12. Extension of the First law to control volume; steady 1
state-steady flow energy equation,
13. Important applications such as flow in a nozzle, 2
throttling, and adiabatic mixing etc. analysis of
unsteady processes, case studies.
4. Pure 14. Differences between perfect, ideal and real gases. 1
Substances & Equation of state. Evaluation of properties of perfect
and ideal gases

K. Srinivasan/IISc, Bangalore V1/17-5-04/3

Indian Institute of Science Bangalore

Basic Thermodynamics Prof. K.Srinivasan

Basic Thermodynamics Syllabus

Steam Tables and 15. Introduction. Van der Waal’s Equation of state, Van 1 5
Ideal & Real der Waal's constants in terms of critical properties,
Gases law of corresponding states, compressibility factor;
compressibility chart. Other equations of state (cubic
and higher order)
16. Definition of a pure substance, phase of a substance, 1
triple point and critical points. Sub-cooled liquid,
saturated liquid, vapour pressure, two phase mixture
of liquid and vapour, saturated vapour and
superheated vapour states of a pure substance
17. Representation of pure substance properties on p-T 2
and p-V diagrams, Detailed treatment of properties of
steam for industrial and scientific use (IAPWS-97, 95)
5. Basics of 18. Devices converting heat to work and vice versa in a 1
Energy thermodynamic cycle, thermal reservoirs. heat engine 3
conversion cycles and a heat pump
19. Schematic representation and efficiency and 2
coefficient of performance. Carnot cycle.
6. Second Law of 20. Identifications of directions of occurrences of natural 2
Thermo- processes, Offshoot of II law from the Ist. Kelvin-
dynamics Planck statement of the Second law of
Thermodynamic; 5
21. Clasius's statement of Second law of Thermodynamic; 1
Equivalence of the two statements;
22. Definition of Reversibility, examples of reversible and 1
irreversible processes; factors that make a process
irreversible,
23. Reversible heat engines; Evolution of 1
Thermodynamic temperature scale.
7. Entropy 24. Clasius inequality; statement, proof, application to a 1
reversible cycle. ∮ (δQR/T) as independent of the path. 5
25. Entropy; definition, a property, principle of increase 1
of entropy, entropy as a quantitative test for
irreversibility,
26. Calculation of entropy, role of T-s diagrams, 2
representation of heat quantities; Revisit to 1st law
27. Tds relations, Available and unavailable energy. 1
8. Availability 28. Maximum work, maximum useful work for a system 1
and and a control volume,
Irreversibility 29. Availability of a system and a steadily flowing 1 2
stream, irreversibility. Second law efficiency

K. Srinivasan/IISc, Bangalore V1/17-5-04/4

Indian Institute of Science Bangalore