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Three Wire LCD Interface With Arduino

This document describes how to interface a 16x2 LCD display to an Arduino using only 3 I/O pins instead of the typical 6 pins. It uses a 74HC595 shift register to reduce the number of pins required. The circuit connects the LCD in 4-bit mode. The Arduino code provided does not use any LCD libraries and directly sends commands and data to the LCD via the shift register. The code initializes the LCD and is able to print text to the two lines of the display. This technique saves on I/O pins and circuit cost compared to the standard 6 pin parallel interface.

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Mike Thomson
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267 views

Three Wire LCD Interface With Arduino

This document describes how to interface a 16x2 LCD display to an Arduino using only 3 I/O pins instead of the typical 6 pins. It uses a 74HC595 shift register to reduce the number of pins required. The circuit connects the LCD in 4-bit mode. The Arduino code provided does not use any LCD libraries and directly sends commands and data to the LCD via the shift register. The code initializes the LCD and is able to print text to the two lines of the display. This technique saves on I/O pins and circuit cost compared to the standard 6 pin parallel interface.

Uploaded by

Mike Thomson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Three Wire LCD Interface with Arduino


December 14, 2016Arduino Projects, Arduino Tutorialsarduino, code, display, interfacing, LCDManoj R. Thakur

We have seen parallel interface technique using Arduino library and we know that it requires 6 IO Lines, Now let’s see how we can
reduce required IO’s using 74HC595. We know that we can reduce number IO required by using I2C based LCD interface circuit; It
costs ten times more than 74HC595 Circuit.

Arduino 3 wire LCD interface circuit

In this circuit similar to the bargraph display we are using 74HC595 Shift register to interface 16×2 LCD.
3 Wire LCD Interface with Arduino Circuit

For LCD contrast setting 1K Ohm fixed resistor is used it gives optimum contrast value. Connect R/W to ground as we are not going
to read the LCD. LCD is connected in 4-bit mode.

Arduino Code for 3 wire LCD

Here we are not using any library to interface the LCD.

1 /* Three Wire LCD Interface using 74HC595


2 www.circuits4you.com */
3
4 //Define 74HC595 Connections with arduio
5 const int Clock=7;
6 const int Data=6;
7 const int Latch=5;
8
9 void LCDinit(void);
10 void LCDSendByte(char d,char RS);
11 void LCDPrint(char Line,char string[16]);
12 //=============================================================
13 // Setup
14 //=============================================================
15 void setup() {
16 // initialize the digital pin as an output.
17 pinMode(Data, OUTPUT);
18 pinMode(Clock, OUTPUT);
19 pinMode(Latch, OUTPUT);
20 LCDinit(); //initalize LCD in 4-bit mode
21 }
22 //=============================================================
23 // Loop
24 //=============================================================
25 void loop() {
26 LCDPrint(0,"Circuits4You");
27 LCDPrint(1,"Hello There");
28 delay(500);
29 }
30
31 //=============================================================
32 // Send Data or Command to LCD
33 //=============================================================
34 void LCDSendByte(char d,char RS)
35 {
36 char dH,dL,temp;
37 //Keep Data on upper nybble
38 dH = d & 0xF0; //Get MSB
39 dL = d & 0x0F;
40 dL = d << 4; //Get LSB
41 //Send MSB with E=clock
42 temp=0;
43 temp=dH | RS | 0x02; //MSB With RS+E bit
44 ShiftData(temp);
45 //Send MSB with E=0
46 temp=0;
47 temp=dH | RS; //MSB With RS bit
48 ShiftData(temp);
49 //Send LSB with E=clock
50 temp=0;
51 temp=dL | RS | 0x02; //MSB With RS+E bit
52 ShiftData(temp);
53 //Send LSB with E=0
54 temp=0;
55 temp=dL | RS; //MSB With RS bit
56 ShiftData(temp);
57 }
58 //=============================================
59 void ShiftData(char temp)
60 {
61 int i;
62 for(i=0;i<8;i++)
63 {
64 if((temp & 0x80)==0x80) //Send 1-bit to shift register
65 {digitalWrite(Data,HIGH);}
66 else
67 {digitalWrite(Data,LOW);}
68
69 digitalWrite(Clock,LOW);
70 digitalWrite(Clock,HIGH);
71 temp=temp<<1;
72 }
73 //Latch the data
74 digitalWrite(Latch,LOW);
75 delay(1);
76 digitalWrite(Latch,HIGH);
77 }
78 //=================================================================
79 // LCD Display Initialization Function
80 //=================================================================
81 void LCDinit()
82 {
83 int count;
84 char t[]={0x43,0x03,0x03,0x02,0x28,0x01,0x0C,0x06,0x02,0x02};
85 for (count = 0; count <= 9; count++)
86 {
87 LCDSendByte(t[count],0); //Command RS=0
88 }
89 }
90 //=================================================================
91 // Display Line on LCD at desired location Function
92 //=================================================================
93 void LCDPrint(char Line,char string[16])
94 {
95 int len,count;
96 if(Line==0) {
97 LCDSendByte(0x80,0); //Command RS=0 Move Cursor to Home
98 }
99 else {
100 LCDSendByte(0xC0,0); //Command RS=0 Move Cursor to Second Line
101 }
102 len = strlen(string);
103 for (count=0;count<len;count++)
104 {
105 LCDSendByte(string[count],1); //Data RS=1
106 }
107 }
108 //=================================================================

Result

This technique saves IO lines as well as circuit cost.

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