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Examples and Theorems in Analysis: Walker

This document is a table of contents for a book titled "Examples and Theorems in Analysis" by Peter Walker. The book contains 7 chapters that cover topics in mathematical analysis including sequences, functions, differentiation, integration, improper integrals, series, and applications of these concepts. Each chapter is further broken down into sections and contains examples and exercises related to the topics discussed.

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Kiran Deep
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119 views3 pages

Examples and Theorems in Analysis: Walker

This document is a table of contents for a book titled "Examples and Theorems in Analysis" by Peter Walker. The book contains 7 chapters that cover topics in mathematical analysis including sequences, functions, differentiation, integration, improper integrals, series, and applications of these concepts. Each chapter is further broken down into sections and contains examples and exercises related to the topics discussed.

Uploaded by

Kiran Deep
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Peter Walker

Examples and
Theorems in Analysis
With 19 Figures

Springer
Contents

1 . Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Examples. Formulae and Recursion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 Monotone and Bounded Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 Convergence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.4 Subsequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.5 Cauchy Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

2 . Functions and Continuity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31


2.1 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................. 32
2.2 Monotone and Bounded Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 35
2.3 Limits and Continuity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... 38
2.4 Bounds and Intermediate Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
2.5 Inverse Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
2.6 Recursive Limits and Iteration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
2.7 One-sided and Infinite Limits . Regulated Functions . . . . . . . . . . . 56
2.8 Countability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 60
Exercises . . . . . . . . . ........................................ 64

3 . Differentiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
3.1 Differentiable Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
3.2 The Significance of the Derivative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
3.3 Rules for Differentiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
3.4 Mean Value Theorems and Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
3.5 More on Iteration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
3.6 Optimisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

ix
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

4 . Constructive Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103


4.1 Step Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
4.2 The Integral of a Regulated Function ....................... 107
4.3 Integration and Differentiation ............................. 111
4.4 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
4.5 Further Mean Value Theorems ............................. 119
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

5 . Improper Integrals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125


5.1 Improper Integrals on an Interval ........................... 126
5.2 Improper Integrals at Infinity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
5.3 The Gamma Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

6 . Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
6.1 Convergence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
6.2 Series with Positive Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
6.3 Series with Arbitrary Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
6.4 Power Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
6.5 Exponential and Trigonometric Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163
6.6 Sequences and Series of Functions .......................... 172
6.7 Infinite Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

7 . Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
7.1 Fourier Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
7.2 Fourier Integrals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
7.3 Distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
7.4 Asymptotics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

A. Fubini’s Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249

B. Hints and Solutions for Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

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