Report of Industrial Training

At

EY, Trivandrum

Submitted by

Meghnath Pillay
140906494

In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING

MANIPAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

MANIPAL – 576104, KARNATAKA, INDIA
May 2018
 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING

MANIPAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

MANIPAL – 576104, KARNATAKA, INDIA
May 2018

Manipal
19/01/2018

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the industrial training report submitted is a record of the bonafide
work done by Meghnath Pillay (Reg. No. 140906494) in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Electrical and
Electronics Engineering of Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal, Karnataka, (A
Constituent College of MAHE).

Coordinator Industrial Training HOD, E&E

M.I.T, MANIPAL
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The undertaking and completion of any successful endeavour comes down to the people, whose
support and guidance has been a constant source of inspiration throughout the course of this
project.
I appreciate the courtesies given to me by Dr. Srikanth Rao, Director of Manipal Institute of
Technology for providing us with the opportunity of industrial training. I am also grateful to
Dr. Savitha G Kini, Professor and Head of Department of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal for the taking initiative and allowing
me to pursue my interests.
I express my gratitude towards Mr.Binu Sankar, Vice Director of Ernst & Young GDS,
Trivandrum for providing me with the opportunity of interning under him. I would also like to
specially thank Mr. Dhipu Thottakath for his dedicated guidance throughout the project.
I like to thank my parents for their continuous support and guidance.
Finally, I would like to thank all those who were directly or indirectly involved in the success
of this project.
 ABSTRACT
In todays world where automating every task has become a need, we need a reliable network
for our smart devices to communicate and coordinate tasks which ultimately will lead to tasks
being executed with little or no human interaction. To achieve this level of automation most of
the leading Technology companies are working on integrating the Internet of Thing to their
inhouse or offshore projects. Here at EY GDS we intended to implement a method for detecting
presence of a given workspace or meeting room using the IoT platform and convey suitable
information regarding the same.

The methodology adopted for executing the project in the EY NITRO team office, was to first
learn and understand the dynamics and working of IoT and its ecosystem. Second was to find
out the software and hardware tools which were feasible to carry out the project in the office
premises. Third was to identify a space for testing and test a prototype and finally to analyse
the results for improvement and to check if it can be extended by integrating an AI component
to it.

The results that were obtained were satisfactory, as the presence of an individual was detected
and was reflected in the cloud. As a PIR sensor was used the exact number of people could not
be detected, but it was not the objective of the project as it was to only detect if a room is
occupied or not.

From the project we could conclude that IoT is a viable and versatile technology that can be
used for an inhouse automation task and can handle basic tasks, which generate dataflow. This
data can later be analysed by data analytic tools and extended to get textual outputs of the
conditions using an NLG tool, which can be an extension of this project.
 Index Page
Chapter 1 Introduction 1

1.1 Brief Introduction of IoT 1

1.2 Present Day scenario 1

1.3 Motivation and Background 2

Chapter 2 Training Highlights 3

2.1 Hardware used 3

2.2 IoT Gateways 3

2.3 IoT Gateway used for this project 5

2.4 Sensor used in given use case 6

2.5 Software used 10

Chapter 3 Conclusions & Summary 13

3.1 Advantages 13

3.2 Disadvantages 13

3.3 Future Scope of technology 14

3.4 Conclusion 15

Chapter 4 About the Company 16

1.1 Company Profile 16

1.2 Office Locations 16

1.3 Product Profile 16

1.4 Prominent Customers 16

 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

This chapter will contain a basic idea of what IoT is and the specific use case for this technology
in the project which has been undertaken. It will also showcase the present-day scenario and
scope of this technology. The intention behind taking up this project is find the occupancy of a
room inside the NITRO team office. Therefore, helping in the seamless scheduling of meetings.

1.1 Brief introduction of IoT

The Internet of Things, or the IoT as it is more popularly known is the interconnecting of
physical devices (also referred to as ‘connected devices’), vehicles, buildings and other systems
embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators and network connectivity which enable
these devices to collect and transmit data over a network. This data can be used not only to
monitor individual systems, but also to trigger certain events in some devices based on the data
collected by other devices around them. When we mention the word ‘Things’ in the IoT, we
refer to objects of the physical world or the information world (virtual entities) capable of being
identified and integrated into a communication networks.

The IoT allows objects to be sensed or controlled remotely across existing network
infrastructure, creating more opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world
into computer based systems, resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit
in addition to reduced human intervention. Typically, IoT is expected to offer advanced
connectivity of devices, systems and services that goes beyond machine-to-machine
communications and covers a variety of protocols, domains and applications. This
interconnection of devices is expected to provide a platform for enablement of automation in a
variety of domains. Thereby IoT platforms used to integrate various IoT ecosystems can be
specifically used to help organisations reduce cost through improved process efficiency, asset
utilization and productivity. With improved tracking of devices using sensors and connectivity,
they benefit from real time insights and analytics, helping them to make smarter decisions.

1.2 Present day scenario

The scope of IoT lies in enabling capabilities such as virtual power plants, smart homes,
intelligent transportation and smart cities. Each thing is Uniquely Identifiable through its
embedded computing system but can perform variations in tasks through the existing
infrastructure provided to it, that is, the internet. An estimate of 30billion IoT devices are
expected up and running by the year 2020.

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1.3 Motivation and Background
Due to the occurrence of multiple meetings for multiple teams in a day it was essential to devise
a method in which team leaders can identify which room is free at what time in working hours
to carry out meetings. Hence the decision was taken to implement a method for detecting
presence of a given workspace or meeting room using the IoT platform and convey suitable
information regarding the same. Information such as occupancy of workspace, time of
presence, duration of presence in hours, minutes and seconds. This was later uploaded to the
cloud via Microsoft Azure, which could be viewed or also queried in SQL.

Figure 1.1 Room Occupancy Layout

(Image courtesy-google images)

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 CHAPTER 2
TRAINING HIGHLIGHTS

In this chapter I will discuss about the execution of the project, while going through the
hardware, IoT gateway, sensor and software used for building the prototype. Brief description
about each and how they were used to make room occupancy detector will be explained.

2.1 Hardware Used

The definition of a ‘Thing’ in the Internet of Things can vary a lot. However, in a more general
sense, we can define a thing as an embedded computing device (embedded system) that
transmits and receives information over a network.
In a broader sense, embedded systems are based on microcontrollers (MCUs), and run software
with small memory footprint. Some Linux and Android based systems can also be classified as
embedded systems. But usually, these general-purpose operating systems require an
application processor providing it with increasing capabilities.
MCUs featuring 32-bit architectures have dropped in price over the last several years and are
becoming common in embedded systems. The greater capabilities of 32-bit MCUs present new
choices for embedded systems developer.
Although we have multiple devices giving us access to accurate representation of physical data
which can be increasingly interpreted by the digital world, we require some form of processing
in order to achieve said tasks and also to be able to transmit the required data accurately enough
in order to make sense of all the incoming data. Especially when we talk about the sheer number
of devices connected in each IoT ecosystem, it is imperative that we have a proper form of
pipelining the data to improve overall efficiency of the system.
That is where we require a device called the IoT Gateway.

2.2 IoT Gateways

As the number of devices connected to the IoT grow in number, we see an increasing need to
connect devices of varying functionality to the internet. One of the most critical components
however, are devices known as the IoT gateways. An IoT gateway aggregates sensor data,
translates between sensor protocols, processes sensor data before sending it onward and more.
When we consider how IoT as a platform has come up in recent times, it is very much
understandable as to why there is an increase in the importance of IoT gateways.

Consider the use case of an IoT-connected office building environment. Sensors and the IoT
equivalent of our five senses. But instead of five, these are hundreds of sensors with dozens of

3
different functions, such as measuring temperature, ambient light, noise or sound levels, areas
in the office with higher activity, the security systems and so on. However, when we talk of
IoT as a system, sensing such variables is only one half. The other half lies in controlling these
variables or systems that have a direct or indirect effect on the said variables. Such as turning
on and off the lights, switching the air systems off if the temperature falls below a given
threshold and so on. Each of these devices may use different protocols to connect, such as Wi-
Fi, Bluetooth, Serial ports, Ethernet, MQTT and others. The requirement of these devices is
ever increasing however, having components connect individually back to the systems that
need their data is not often possible. Some sensors and controllers use very low energy and do
not support energy intensive protocols like Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, and therefore cannot connect
directly. Some devices generate a large amount of data that is not valuable in its raw form. That
is exactly where IoT gateways come into picture. It performs several critical functions such as
device connectivity, protocol translation, data filtering and processing, security and more.
Newer IoT gateways also operate as platforms for application code that processes data and
becomes an intelligent part of a device-enabled system.

IoT gateways sit at the intersection of edge systems that is, devices controllers and sensors; and
the cloud. When we look at traditional gateways, they have mostly performed protocol
translation and device management functions. They were not intelligent, programmable
devices that could perform-in-depth and complex processing on IoT data. Todays “smart IoT
gateways, developed by various companies are full-fledged computing platforms running
modern operating systems and they are called “Intelligent gateways”
In order for us to achieve efficient results when it comes to the IoT gateways, a certain number
of function criterions need to be met. That is:
 Trusted connectivity and security: Ensuring the integrity of the system is the essential
role of the IoT gateway. Especially when we have a large number of sensors connected
to the system, the communication of these sensors need to be done over a secure and
robust network which is provided by the IoT Gateways.

 Protocol and data bridge: Being able to translate and transfer data among and between
systems operating with different communications protocols and data formats is required
since the number of devices connected to the system are varying in many aspects.

 Storage and analysis: On board application development platforms and storage to drive
intelligence and decision making closer to the device.

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2.3 IoT Gateway used for this project

The IoT Gateway I used for the use-case was the Raspberry-Pi 3 model B.
The Raspberry Pi is a series of small single board computers developed in the United Kingdom
by the Raspberry Pi foundation to promote and improve the student involvement in the fields
of computer science and basic programming. However, the original product became far more
popular and sold outside of its target market, for uses such as robotics. The first of its kind was
released in 2012. According to the Raspberry Pi Foundation, over 5 million Raspberry Pi have
been sold before February 2015, making it the best-selling British computer. By November
2016 they had sold 11 million units.

The Raspberry Pi features a Linux based OS called the Raspian. The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B
released in February 2016 is bundled with on-board Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and USB boot
capabilities. All previous models of the Pi as well as the current one feature Broadcom system
on a chip (SoC), which includes an ARM compatible central processing unit and an on-chip
graphics processing unit. The CPU speed ranges from 700MHz to 1.2GHz for the Pi 3 along
with an on-board memory range from 256MB to 1GB RAM. Secure Digital (SD) cards are
used to store the operating system and program memory. Most boards are equipped with one
to four USB slots, HDMI and composite video and a 3.5mm audio jack. A number of General
Purpose Input Output (GPIO) pins are provided for when there is a need to use devices which
support communication protocols like I2C.

Figure 2.1 Raspberry pi 3

(Image courtesy-https://www.peterdavehello.org)

5
The main highlight of the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B in terms of features involve:
1. CPU : Quad-core 64-bit ARM Cortex
2. Memory : 1GB SDRAM
3. USB ports :4
4. Video output : HDMI composite video
5. Network : 10/100 Mbps Ethernet
6. Peripherals : 17 GPIO
7. Bluetooth : 4.1
8. Power source: 5V via MicroUSB

2.4 Sensor used in given use case

The sensor used to achieve the use case given to me was the Passive Infrared (PIR) Sensor. It
is an electronic sensor that measures infrared (IR) light radiation from objects in its field of
view. They are most used in PIR-based motion detectors. Since all objects with a temperature
above absolute zero emit heat energy in the form of radiation. Usually this radiation is not
visible to the human eye because it radiates at infrared wavelengths, but it can be detected by
electronic devices designed for such a purpose.
The term Passive in this instance refers to the fact the fact that PIR devices do not generate or
radiate any energy for detection purposes. They work entirely by detecting the energy given
off by other objects. PIR sensors do not measure or detect ‘heat’, instead they detect the infrared
radiation emitted or reflected from an object.

When we talk about the construction of the sensor, we observe that the Infrared radiation enters
through the front of the sensor, known as the ‘sensor face’. At the core of a PIR sensor is a
solid-state sensor or set is sensors made from pyroelectric materials, that is, materials which
generate energy when exposed to heat. Typically, the sensor is approximately ¼ inch square
(40 mm2), and take the form of a thin film. The sensor is often used as a part of an integrated
circuit.

Figure 2.2 PIR sensor

(Image courtesy-https://learn.adafruit.com)

6
 Figure 2.3 PIR sensor ports
(Image courtesy-https://haroonwardak1995.wordpress.com)

The working of the PIR sensor involve the sensor action taking place in two halves or slots.
Each slot is sensitive to IR. When the sensor is idle, both slots detect the same amount of IR.
That is, the ambient amount radiated from the room or the area of detection. When a warm
body like a human or animal passes by, it first intercepts one half of the PIR sensor, which
causes a positive differential change between the two halves. When the warm body leaves the
sensing area, the reverse happens, whereby the sensor generates a negative differential change.
These changes are detected in the form of pulses.

Figure 2.3 Input and Output of PIR sensor

(Image courtesy-https://learn.adafruit.com)

So, the working of the sensor is based on the detection in change of the amount of infrared
radiation impinging upon which varies depending in the temperature and surface characteristics
of objects in front of the sensor. To improve the efficiency of these sensors, we make use of
Fresnel lenses or mirror segments.

The PIR sensor do not vary largely depending on functionality. Rather they differ only based
on sensitivities. All in all, the PIR sensor and circuitry is fixed and has minimal costs. In the

7
diagram above, we see that the detection area is equally divided into two rectangular halves.
Usually, we would like to have a detection area that is much larger to suit the purpose. In order
to achieve that, we make use of lenses.
Ideally, we would like to use PIR lenses which are small and thin, and made of a cheap source
such as plastic. So, to achieve this, we use something known as a Fresnel Lens. The Fresnel
lens condenses light, providing a larger range for the sensor to detect IR, illustrated as shown
below:

Figure 2.4 Fresnel lens Light convergence

(Image courtesy- https://learn.adafruit.com)

Figure 2.5 Circuit diagram of PIR sensor

(Image courtesy-https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com)

These Fresnel lenses act on the principle of refraction to make sure that the sensor achieves a
wider area of IR detection to reduce the possibility of errors as well as improve the overall
result in terms of the relative IR between two halves.

8
Also, since the source of the incoming IR is not limited to two rectangular halves as illustrated
in the previous example, the reading obtained can have its source placed at more varied
locations. That is, there are multiple ‘halves’ that allow us to detect the possibility of difference
in IR in a larger area, thereby improving the sensor’s field of vision. This gives us a larger array
of options as to where we can place the PIR sensor.

Figure 2.6 Scatter plot of PIR sensor’s field of vision

(Image courtesy-https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com)

These are some things to keep in mind when we talk about the PIR sensor. Another important
aspect that comes into picture when talking about the sensor are the 2 potentiometric knobs
available. These knobs can be used to adjust sensitivity in terms of time delay or the minimum
distance for the source to be placed to successfully detect IR.
The delay time knob determines how long the PIR will keep the output HIGH after detecting
motion. When motion has been detected, the delay can be set to a few seconds (usually a
minimum of 3s) to a maximum of few minutes (usually about 5-7minutes). While testing with
a simple LED for example, we can notice that when the delay is set to a minimum and the PIR
sensor detects motion, the LED will remain ON for 3s. However, if there is another motion that
re-triggers the PIR to go HIGH within the set time delay, the LED will stay ON until it does
not detect motion for 3s or higher. Similarly, if we explain this in the case of a time delay
setting where the delay is 3minutes, once a motion has been detected by the PIR sensor, the
LED shall stay ON for a minimum of 3minutes. However, if we consider a case where the LED
has been ON for 2minutes, and upon re-triggering it with motion, the LED would continue to
stay ON for another 3minutes since the time of re-triggering.

The working principle of the occupancy sensor revolves around this property of the PIR sensor.
The time delay is set to maximum (7minutes in this case) and placed under the table of an
employee in a way the movement of the employee’s body or feet would act as the source or the
trigger to the IR sensitive PIR sensor. Assuming it would be tedious for an employee to sit still
for 5-6minutes without the need for minor movement, the PIR sensor gets retriggered every
time there is a motion. This motion allows us to conclude that the seat is seen as occupied. This

9
principle can also be used in the case of a meeting room, where there would be many people.
Also, we can be able to know the exact time of triggering, that is, occupancy and vacancy.
Thereby allowing us to make use of the given workspace efficiently.

2.5 Software used

2.5.1 The need for an SSH server

When we talk about the sensors being connected to the IoT Gateway, it is much needed for the
communication between devices and sensors in an IoT ecosystem to be able to communicate
in a safe and robust environment that provides sufficient security. That is where we bring an
SSH(Secure Shell) client into the picture. The SSH client I chose for this use case was PuTTY.
PuTTY is a very versatile tool for remote access to another computer. In this case, the
Raspberry Pi. It is probably used most often by people who want secure remote shell access to
a UNIX or Linux based system. So, since Raspberry Pi runs on a Linux based system called
Raspbian, PuTTY is effective in this case. However, PuTTY is more than just an SSH client.
It supports a variety of other protocols as well. There are numerous reasons to use a tool like
PuTTY. But the most common purposes are related to the SSH protocol. It is unsafe to connect
to a web host over an unencrypted connection for management of the web hosting account and
file transfer. Using an unencrypted login makes the web hosting account vulnerable to
malicious security. Using a secure, encrypted protocol like SSH for such purposes is considered
a much better option. With the help of a tool such as PuTTY, we are able to allow for the
execution of programs, and thereby control the devices and sensors attached to the IoT gateway
remotely. Hence, PuTTY plays an integral role in terms of the communication between the
devices and the GPIO pins. In my use case I chose to code in python, as it is known to be a
versatile language when talking of IoT. The code used for the use-case looks something like
this:

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2.5.2 IoT Platforms
At the end of all the physical devices involved in the IoT ecosystem, which involves the
sensors, devices and IoT Gateways, we see the requirement of a platform that gives us access
to back end application .This is where we have the IoT Platforms coming into picture. To get
into the IoT market and develop their own smart, connected products and solutions, companies
find the need to establish this infrastructure. At the core of this infrastructure is the IoT
platform. The IoT platform is a suite of components that enable:
1. Deployment of applications that monitor, manage and control connected devices.
2. Remote data collection from connected devices.
3. Independent and secure connectivity between devices.
4. Device/sensor management.
5. Integration with 3rd party systems.

The IoT platform exists independently between the hardware and the application layers of the
IoT technology. The ideal platform will integrate with any connected device ad blend in with
device applications, and enable implementation of IoT features and functions into any device
in the same way.
Building a complete system for IoT solutions from scratch can be a huge task even for the most
resourceful of companies. It requires a lot of expert know-how, time and capital. However,
readily built platforms simplify the development of IoT applications. The IoT platforms easily
connect devices ad sensors and enable connections to related information systems and
operational assets. Thereby providing IoT as a service at the consumer level, which one of the
many reasons as to why IoT as a platform has grown so much. Some of the many IoT platforms
available would include the IBM Watson, Amazon Web Service(AWS), the Microsoft Azure
and many more.
The IoT platform I chose for my use case is the Microsoft Azure.

Figure 2.7 Microsoft Azure IoT hub

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 (Image courtesy: http://thinglabs.io/azure)

Microsoft Azure is an open cloud platform which provides infinite computing power to small
and large sized businesses. Microsoft Azure offers immense value for any given business
without the increase in the IT infrastructure. It is Microsoft’s cloud service that provides on-
demand computing and storage resources. Azure enables building and deploying of
applications and services through a grid of data centres located around the world and managed
by Microsoft. It is ideal for hosting collaboration system, executing large data applications and
migration of applications and information from other data centres.

This data is can be viewed by accessing the IoT hub on azure by each user, which here is a
team leader. The visualization of the room occupancy be done by exporting the IoT hub data
to a data visualization tool like Microsoft Power BI, Tableau and so forth.

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 CHAPTER 3
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

This chapter will contain advantages and disadvantages of the implementation of IoT,
feasibility and future scope of this technology. Here the feasibility of the specific technology
will be discussed in a general aspect .

3.1 Advantages
 Communication: IoT encourages the connection between devices. This is one of the
key features of the IoT. Due to this, the physical devices are able to stay connected and
total transparency is available with lower inefficiency and better quality.
 Automation and Control: Due to physical objects getting connected and controlled
digitally and centrally with wireless infrastructure, there is a large amount of
automation and control in the workings. Without human intervention, the machines are
able to communicate with each other leading to faster and timely output. Which in turn
leads to more efficiency and better results.
 Information: It is implied that having more information helps making better decisions.
Regardless of how big or small the decision to be made is, data generation allows
analytics to come into picture, thereby helping us make accurate decisions.
 Monitoring: Another major advantage of IoT is monitoring. Knowing the exact quantity
of supplies or the air quality in your home, can further provide more information that
could not have previously been collected easily. Furthermore, monitoring the expiration
of products can and will improve safety.
 Cost Reduction: One of the prime reasons for implementation of IoT is to reduce the
costs. With devices in the picture, there is reduced human intervention and thereby
fewer number of errors. Since machine-to-machine communication can take place
faster, it is also time saving. Which improves the overall quality.

3.2 Disadvantages
 Compatibility: Currently, there is no international standard of compatibility for the
tagging and monitoring equipment. The manufacturing companies of these equipment
just need to agree to a standard, such as Bluetooth, USB, etc. This is nothing new or
innovative needed.
 Complexity: Since IoT is a technology that incorporates various devices which require
real time responses and the dependency of these systems towards factors such as
availability of power and internet, there is a high scope for failures.

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  Privacy & Security: With all this IoT data being transmitted, the risk of losing privacy
increases. For instance, how secure the data being kept and transmitted depends on the
level of encryption. With data such as finances, medical support and other varying data
being kept track on IoT platforms, hackers can easily obtain this information.

3.3 Future Scope of technology

As technology is becoming more and more state-of-the-art day by day, and the access of
internet in every corner of the world is going to be easily obtainable, so the future of IOT is
undoubtedly bright.
Achieving greater connectivity is the requirement for progress in the present world. Thus, the
Internet of Things (IoT) has become a vital instrument for interconnecting devices. IoT is going
to transform our lives beyond imagination. It would make our life faster, easier and more
productive.
People now want to have complete access to all products at home when they are on the go or
in office. For example, people would be able to switch off the motor or ac running at their home
or the lights in car while sitting at their office. That's the kind of smartness IOT technology
would bring it to the lifestyle of the people
IOT soon would bring the following changes in the lifestyle of the people:
 Monitoring and Reporting: Thousands and millions of devices, equipment would relate
to each other with IOT concept. Inputting data at present is not fully automated in the
internet, but this also will be achieved with Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting
Technology (SMART). Using IOT each movement in our home can be monitored and
connected to the internet. Reporting and monitoring would mean that if there were a
gas leak, the sensors can find out and communicate it to us. Smart cities would ensure
living in clean and safe environments, intelligent smart traffic systems ensuring less
number of accidents.
 Plants and Animals: IoT will drive tremendous innovation in the way our food is grown,
processed, distributed, stored, and consumed. We would be able to know the
requirement of plants and animals, based on data that can tell people, computers, and
machines when, for example, they require water, treatment, healthcare support, need
more sun or individual attention.
 Utility: IoT will make a digital revolution in all the fields. It will make daily life easier
with availability of technology which will be user friendly. Possibilities include Doctors
remotely monitoring the conditions of their patients 24/7 by having the patients use
devices at home instead of requiring the patients to stay at hospital, vehicle mounted
terminals automatically display the nearest parking space, sensors in smart homes turn
off utilities, close windows, monitor security, and report to house owners in real time.
With the coming of age of the Internet of Things, however, they would become a reality.

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  Information: In future, internet access will be much faster than what we think, we will
get the answers in a simple click of a button. One can access internet anywhere any
time without any expensive gadgets and gizmos. Also with all the data being
transmitted, received and recorded by various devices and sensors gives us insight into
many possibilities.

3.4 Conclusion

The aim of this project has been met. Basic knowledge of IoT and the working principle behind
it has been understood and implemented.
The Integration of Hardware which includes physical components like the Raspberry-Pi 3(IoT
Gateway) and the PIR sensor, as well as Software which includes PuTTY(SSH client) and
Microsoft Azure(IoT platform) to implement the principles of IoT to implement the given use-
case has been achieved. Moreover, a detailed presentation on the learning done at EY GDS was
given.
The implementation of IoT at a more feasible level had been under taken by the NITRO team,
which had been under progress, due to which I was not fortunate enough to experience the full
extent of their role in implementing it. However, I was lucky enough to have a look at the
dashboard they were designing for the display of the required information, such as occupancy,
ambient light and time of occupancy.
Overall it was a good experience in terms of working with a team who were more than willing
to guide me through the obstacles I had to face during the implementation of the project.

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 CHAPTER 4
ABOUT THE COMPANY

4.1 Company Profile

EY is a multinational professional services firm headquartered in London, England. EY is one
of the largest professional services firms in the world and is one of the "Big Four" accounting
firms. The main departments are Tax auditing, risk and compliance, restructuring and
Consulting.

4.2 Office Locations

EY has offices in more than 150 countries which include, Americas, Europe, Middle East, India
and Africa, Asia-Pacific, Japan. The head quarters are in London, United Kingdom.

4.3 Product Profile

EY is a professional services company which deals largely in risk and compliance, restructuring
and Consulting, Assurance, Advisory, Tax, Transaction Advisory Services.

4.4 Prominent Customers

The main clients are Hewlett, Packard, Verizon, State Street, AT&T, Coca Cola, General
Motors, Hilton, Lockheed Martin.

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