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Chapter16 The Cytoskeleton

This chapter discusses the cytoskeleton and its components actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. It describes their structure, function, dynamics and how accessory proteins regulate their assembly and organization. Specific examples covered include roles in muscle contraction, cell division and intracellular transport.

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125 views

Chapter16 The Cytoskeleton

This chapter discusses the cytoskeleton and its components actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. It describes their structure, function, dynamics and how accessory proteins regulate their assembly and organization. Specific examples covered include roles in muscle contraction, cell division and intracellular transport.

Uploaded by

Ron
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 16

• The Cytoskeleton
Figure 16-1 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)
Fig 16-4
Panel 16-1 ACTIN
Panel 16-1 MICROTUBULES
Panel 16-1 INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS
Accessory Proteins

Actin & muscle contraction


Cytoskeleton is very Dynamic
Figure 16-7 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)
Fig 16-5
Fig 16-5
Fig 16-13
Fig 16-13
ACTIN subunit

Fig 16-11
+end

-end
Microtubule subunit

Fig 16-42
Fig 16-44
GTP-cap stabilizing a GDP-bound subunits
microtubule (filaments produce curve & loss
are straighter) of lateral bonds

Figure 16-16c Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)

Fig 16-44
Fig 16-2
Dynamic Instability

Fig 16-44
Intermediate Filamements (many different types)

Fig 16-67
Keratin in epithelia
(cells connect via
desmosomes)

Figure 16-20 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)


Fig 16-69
Accessory Proteins

Figure 16-18 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)


Panel 16-3
Panel 16-4
Nucleation

Fig 16-47
Astral conformation

Fig 16-47
Fig 16-47
Fig 16-46
Fig 16-46
Fig 16-46
Actin nucleates near the PM

Fig 16-16
Fig 16-16
Fig 16-16
Fig 16-16
Thymosin
Fig 16-15
Figure 16-37 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)
Phosphorylated
strathmin can’t bind
Fig 16-54
Tropomyosin

Actin in muscle
Less dynamic MTs
in axons

Figure 16-40 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)


Cofilin  brittle filaments

Fig 16-20
Catastrophin bends protofilaments

Fig 16-52
actin binding site

Fig 16-20
Fig 16-23
Figure 16-50a Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)
Fig 16-24
Fig 16-51
Gelsolin severs actin filaments
Platelet activation
Katanin severs MTs

Fig 16-55
Actin motor: MYOSIN

Fig 16-26
Fig 16-28
Fig 16-28
Many MYOSINS
Similar Motors - Diverse C-termini ( different cargo)

Fig 16-40
Fig 16-56
Traffic of membrane enclosed organelles (on MTs)

+ +
+
-end motors (e.g. dyneins)
+
+
+end motors (e.g. kinesins)
+
+ +

+ +

+
+

+ +
+ +
+
+
Fig 16-60
Fig 16-29
Fig 16-29
Muscle Contraction myofibril

Skeletal
Muscle
Cell

Fig 16-31
myofibril

Fig 16-32
Fig 16-32
RELAXED

Z disc binds +end of actin


Actin –end overlaps with myosin

CONTRACTED

Fig 16-32
+
+

Fig 16-27
Fig 16-27
Fig 16-34
Muscle contraction

+ +
-actinin myosin actin

Fig 16-33
coordination

myofibril
Neuro-muscular junction
Increased cytosolic calcium levels induce contraction

Fig 16-35
Fig 16-35
calcium allows myosin to bind actin

Fig 16-36
Figure 16-78b Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)
Ca2+ binds Troponin C

Actin & muscle contraction

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