Electricity, Magnetism, Acoustics and Optics PHYSICS 224

Electrostatics 𝑞𝑑
𝑉𝑎𝑏 =→ 𝑑 =
𝐸 𝐴𝜀𝑜
𝑘𝑞 2
𝐹𝑒 = 2 𝐴𝜀𝑜
𝑟 𝐶=
𝑑
𝑘𝑞𝑜 𝑞1
𝐹𝑒 = 𝐴𝜀𝑜
𝑟2 𝐶= 𝐾
𝑑
𝐺𝑚2
𝐹𝑔 = ∆𝐸𝑃𝐸 = 𝑞𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑒
𝑟2
𝑉
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑒 =
2
Electric Field
𝑞𝑉 𝑞2 𝐶𝑉 2
𝑊 = ∆𝐸𝑃𝐸 = = =
𝑘𝑞 2 2𝐶 2
→=
𝐸 𝑟2
Parallel
𝑉
→= 𝑉𝑇 = 𝑉1 = 𝑉2 = 𝑉3
𝐸 𝑑

𝐹 = 𝑞 →= 𝑚𝑎 𝑄𝑇 = 𝐶𝑇 𝑉𝑇
𝐸

𝑞→ 𝑄𝑇 = 𝑞1 + 𝑞2 + 𝑞3
𝐸
𝑎=
𝑚 𝐶𝑇 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 + 𝐶3
𝑘𝑞𝑞𝑜
𝐸𝑃𝐸 = 𝑊 = 𝐹𝑟 = Series
𝑟
𝐸𝑃𝐸 𝑘𝑞 𝑉𝑇 = 𝑉1 + 𝑉2 + 𝑉3
𝑉𝐴 = =
𝑞𝑜 𝑟 𝑞𝑇
𝑉𝑇 =
𝐶𝑇
𝑉𝑎𝑏 = 𝑉𝑎 − 𝑉𝑏
𝑄𝑇 = 𝑞1 = 𝑞2 = 𝑞3
𝑉𝑏𝑎 = 𝑉𝑏 − 𝑉𝑎
1
𝐸𝑃𝐸𝑏 − 𝐸𝑃𝐸𝑎 𝑊𝑎𝑏 𝐶𝑇 =
𝑉𝑏 − 𝑉𝑎 = = 1 1 1
𝑞𝑜 𝑞𝑜 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 + 𝐶3

Capacitance Current, Resistance, and EMF

𝑞
𝐶= 𝑄
𝑉𝑎𝑏 𝐼=
𝑡
𝐷 𝛹 𝑞
→= = = 𝑄 = 𝑛𝑞𝐴𝑣𝑡
𝐸 𝜀𝑜 𝐴𝜀𝑜 𝐴𝜀𝑜
𝐼 = 𝑛𝑞𝐴𝑣
Electricity, Magnetism, Acoustics and Optics PHYSICS 224

𝑉𝑎𝑏 = 𝐸 + 𝐼𝑟

𝐼 = 𝐴 ∑(𝑛𝑞𝑣) Series

𝐼𝑇 = 𝑖1 = 𝑖2 = 𝑖3
𝐼
𝐽 = = 𝑛𝑞𝑣𝑑
𝐴 𝑉𝑇 = 𝑉1 + 𝑉2 + 𝑉3
𝐸 𝑉 𝐼 𝑅𝑇 = 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 + 𝑅3
𝐽= = =
𝜌 𝜌𝐿 𝐴
Parallel
𝜌𝐿𝐼
𝑉= = 𝑅𝐼
𝐴 𝐼𝑇 = 𝑖1 + 𝑖2 + 𝑖3
𝑚𝑉 2 𝑉𝑇 = 𝑉1 = 𝑉2 = 𝑉3
𝐹𝑐 =
𝑟
1
𝜌𝐿 𝑅𝑇 =
𝑅= 1 1 1
𝐴 + +
𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅3
𝜌 = 𝜌𝑜 [1 + 𝛼(𝑡 − 𝑡𝑜 )]

𝑅 = 𝑅𝑜 [1 + 𝛼(𝑇 − 𝑇𝑜 )] Circuits and Networks

𝑉 ∑ 𝑖 = 0 (KCL)
𝑅=
𝐼
∑ 𝐸 = ∑ 𝑖𝑅 (KVL)
𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅
∑ 𝐸 = ∑ 𝐼𝑅 (MMCL)
𝑃 = 𝐼2 𝑅

𝑃 = 𝐼𝑉
Magnetism
𝑉2
𝑃=
𝑅 𝜇𝑜 𝐼
→=
𝑊 𝐵 2𝜋𝑅
𝐸=
𝑄 𝜇𝑜 𝐼 𝜙
→=
𝑊 𝐸𝑄
𝐵 4𝜋𝑅
= = 𝑃 = 𝐸𝐼
𝑡 𝑡 𝜇𝑜 𝑁𝐼
→=
𝐵 2𝑅
∑𝐸 𝐸 − 𝐸′
𝐼= = ′
∑𝑅 𝑟 +𝑅+𝑟 → = 𝜇𝑜 𝐼𝑁
𝐵

𝑉𝑎𝑏 = ∑ 𝐼𝑅 − ∑ 𝐸 𝜇𝑜 𝐼𝑁
→=
𝐵 2𝜋𝑟
′ ′
𝑉𝑎𝑏 = 𝐼(𝑟 + 𝑅 + 𝑟) − (𝐸 − 𝐸 )
𝐹𝑚 = 𝑞𝑣𝐵 sin 𝜃
𝑉𝑎𝑏 = 𝐸 − 𝐼𝑟
𝜙𝐵 = → 𝐴
𝐵
Electricity, Magnetism, Acoustics and Optics PHYSICS 224

𝐶 𝐶2
𝜙𝐵 = ∫→ 𝑑𝐴 = ∫→ cos 𝜙 𝑑𝐴 𝐶 − Capacitance [𝑉 ∶ 𝑁𝑚2 ∶ 𝐹]
𝐵⊥ 𝐵⊥

𝜙𝐵 = → 𝐴= → 𝐴 cos 𝜙 𝐷 − Flux Density

𝐵⊥ 𝐵
𝛹 − Total number of lines of force
Wherein:
𝐴 − Area
𝐹𝑒 – Electrostatic Force [𝑁 ∶ 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒 ∶ 𝑙𝑏]
𝐾 − Dielectric Material
𝑘 − Proportionality constant
∆𝐸𝑃𝐸 − Change in Electric Potential Energy
𝑁𝑚2 9
(𝑘 = 9 × 10 )
𝐶2 𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑒 − Average Potential Difference

𝜀𝑜 − Permittivity of free space 𝐼 − Current [𝐴]

𝐶2 𝑡 − time
(𝜀𝑜 = 8.85 × 10−12 )
𝑁𝑚2
𝑣 − drift velocity
𝑞, 𝑞𝑜 , 𝑞1 ⋯ − charges [𝐶]
𝑛 − number of particles
𝑟 − radius, distance [𝑚 ∶ 𝑐𝑚 ∶ 𝑓𝑡]
𝐽 − Current Density
𝐹𝑔 − Gravitational Force
𝑅 − resistance [Ω]
𝐺 − Gravitational attraction
𝐿 − length
2
𝑁𝑚
(𝐺 = 6.67 × 10−11 ) 𝜌 − Resistivity constant [𝛺 ∙ 𝑚]
𝑘𝑔2
1
𝑁 𝛼 − Temperature coefficient [℃]
→ − Electric Field [ ]
𝐸 𝐶
𝑡, 𝑡𝑜 , 𝑇, 𝑇𝑜 − Temperarure
𝑉 − Voltage
𝐽
𝑃 − Power [𝑆 ∶ 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠]
𝑑 − distance

𝑎 − acceleration 𝐸 − EMF, Electromotive Force [𝑉]

𝐸𝑃𝐸 − Electric Potential Energy ∑ 𝐸 − total EMF

𝑊 − Work ∑ 𝑅 − total resistance

𝐹 − Force 𝑉𝑎𝑏 − Potential difference between two points

𝑉𝐴 − Electric Potential 𝑉𝑎𝑏 − terminal voltage

𝐽 𝑁 𝑁∙𝑚
𝑉𝑎𝑏 , 𝑉𝑏𝑎 − Electric Potential Difference [𝐶 ∶ 𝑉] → − Magnetic field [𝑇 ∶ 𝐴∙𝑚
∶ 𝐶∙𝑠
]
𝐵
Electricity, Magnetism, Acoustics and Optics PHYSICS 224

𝜇𝑜 − permeability of free space

𝑇∙𝑚
(𝜇𝑜 = 4𝜋 × 10−7 )
𝐴

𝜙 − Central Angle [𝑟𝑎𝑑]

𝑁 − Number of turns per unit length

𝜙𝐵 − Magnetic Flux

CONVERSION FACTORS:

𝑚𝑒 − = 9.11 × 10−31 𝑘𝑔

𝑚𝑝+ = 1.67 × 10−27 𝑘𝑔

𝑞𝑒 − = (−)1.6 × 10−19 𝐶

𝑞𝑝+ = 1.6 × 10−19 𝐶

1𝑁 = 1 × 105 𝑑𝑦𝑛𝑒𝑠

1𝐶 = 3 × 103 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑜𝑚𝑏

1𝜇𝐶 = 1 × 10−6 𝐶

(1 × 10−6 𝐶) (1𝑉) = 1.6 × 10−19 𝐽

1 𝑒𝑉 = 1.6 × 10−19 𝐽

106 𝑒𝑉 = 1 𝑀𝑒𝑉

109 𝑒𝑉 = 1 𝐺𝑒𝑉

𝑤𝑒𝑏𝑒𝑟
1𝑇 =
𝑚2

1 𝐺𝑎𝑢𝑠𝑠 = 10−4 𝑇𝑒𝑠𝑙𝑎

1 𝑤𝑒𝑏𝑒𝑟 = 1 𝑇 ∙ 𝑚2

1 𝑊𝑏 = 100,000,000 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑤𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑠