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Tutorial Sheet 1

The document contains 8 problems related to fluid mechanics: 1) Develop an expression for drag force on a pipe wall from fluid flow with a given velocity profile. 2) Calculate the velocity profile and drag force on a flat plate moving through a thin layer of oil. 3) Determine the transmitted torque between two disks separated by an oil film, given their rotational speeds. 4) Calculate the viscosity of a fluid using measurements from a viscometer with rotating concentric cylinders. 5) Calculate the drag force on a plate moving between two parallel plates filled with oil at different heights. 6) Derive an expression for drag force per unit area on parallel plates from laminar fluid flow between them. 7

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235 views

Tutorial Sheet 1

The document contains 8 problems related to fluid mechanics: 1) Develop an expression for drag force on a pipe wall from fluid flow with a given velocity profile. 2) Calculate the velocity profile and drag force on a flat plate moving through a thin layer of oil. 3) Determine the transmitted torque between two disks separated by an oil film, given their rotational speeds. 4) Calculate the viscosity of a fluid using measurements from a viscometer with rotating concentric cylinders. 5) Calculate the drag force on a plate moving between two parallel plates filled with oil at different heights. 6) Derive an expression for drag force per unit area on parallel plates from laminar fluid flow between them. 7

Uploaded by

oginoweij
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MEC 2910: Fluid Mechanics

Tutorial Sheet - 1

1) Consider the flow of a fluid with viscosity µ


through a circular pipe. The velocity profile is
shown in the figure, where umax is the
maximum velocity, which occurs at the
centerline; r is the radial distance from the
centerline; u(r) is the flow velocity at any
position r. Develop a relation for the drag force
exerted on the pipe wall by the fluid in the
flow direction per unit length of the pipe.

2) A thin 40-cm X 40-cm flat plate is pulled at


2 m/s horizontally through a 3.6 mm thick oil
layer sandwiched between two plates, as
shown in the figure. The dynamic viscosity of
oil is 0.027 Pa.s. Assuming the velocity profile
to be linear, (a) plot the velocity profile and
find the location where the oil velocity is zero
and (b) determine the force F needed to
maintain the motion.

3) The clutch system shown in the figure is


used to transmit torque through a 2 mm thick
oil film with µ = 0.38 N.s/m2 between two
identical 30 cm diameter disks. When the
driving shaft rotates at a speed of 1450 rpm,
the driven shaft is observed to rotate at 1398
rpm. Determine the transmitted torque.

4) The viscosity of a fluid is to be measured by


a viscometer constructed of two 75 cm long
concentric cylinders. The outer diameter of the
inner cylinder is 15 cm, and the gap between
the two cylinders is 1 mm. The inner cylinder
is rotated at 300 rpm, and the torque is
measured to be 0.8 N.m. Determine the
viscosity of the fluid.
5) A thin plate moves between two parallel
plates as shown in the figure. The two
stationary surfaces are spaced 4 cm apart, and
the oil in between them has viscosity 0.9
N.s/m2. The part of the plate immersed in oil at
any given time is 2-m long and 0.5 m wide. If
the plate moves through the mid-plane between
the surfaces, determine the force required to
maintain this motion. What would your
response be if the plate was 1 cm from the
bottom surface (h2) and 3 cm from the top
surface (h1)?

6) Consider laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid


between two parallel plates as shown in the
figure. Develop a relation for the drag force
exerted on both plates by the fluid in the flow
direction per unit area of the plates.

7) In some damping systems, a circular disk


immersed in oil is used as a damper as shown
in the figure. Show that the damping torque is
proportional to angular speed in accordance
with the relation Tdamping = Cω. Find the
expression for C neglecting tip effects.

8) Some non-Newtonian fluids behave as a Bingham plastic for which shear stress can be
expresses as τ = τy + μ(du/dr). For flow of a Bingham plastic in a horizontal pipe of radius R, the
velocity profile is given as u(r) = (ΔP/4μL)(r2-R2) + (τy / μ)(r – R), where ΔP/L is the constant
pressure drop along the pipe per unit length and r is the radial distance from the centerline.
Determine (a) the wall shear stress and (b) the drag force acting on a pipe section of length L.

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