MICROWAVE

PATH
CALCULATION
 HOP 1

MISCELLANEOUS PATH LOSS (MPL)

OXYGEN ABSORPTION LOSS (AO)

6.09 4.81
𝐴𝑜 = [7.19x10−3 + 2 + ] (F𝑐 2 )(10−3 )(D)
F𝑐 + 0.227 (F𝑐 − 57)2 + 1.5

6.09
𝐴𝑜 = [7.19x10−3 +
(11.226)2 + 0.227
4.81
+ ] (11.2262 )(10−3 )(28)
(11.226 − 57)2 + 1.5

𝑨𝒐 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟑𝟔𝟐𝟕𝟑𝟓𝟓 𝒅𝑩

WATER VAPOR LOSS (AH2O)

3 9
𝐴𝐻2 𝑂 = [0.067 + +
(11.226 − 22.3)2 + 7.3 (11.226 − 183.3)2 + 6
4.3
+ ] (11.2262 )(12 x 10−4 ) (28)
(11.226 − 323.8)2 + 10
𝑨𝑯𝟐 𝑶 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟐𝟔𝟕𝟐 𝒅𝑩

RAINFALL LOSS

Based on Regression Coefficient Table:

*NOTE:
f1 < f < f2 k2 = 0.0168 a1 = 1.217
k1 < k < k 2 k1 = 0.00887 a2 = 1.276
a1 < a < a2
log(𝑓1 ) − log(f𝑐 )
𝑀=
log(f1 ) − log(f2 )
log(10)− log(11.226)
𝑀=
log(10)−log(12)

𝑴 = 𝟎.6343047172
 For rainfall rate:
𝑚𝑚
𝑅 (𝐵𝑎𝑦𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑔) = 182.3
𝑦𝑟
𝑚𝑚
𝑅 (𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑎) = 295
𝑦𝑟

𝑅=
182.3+295
2
= 238.65 𝑚𝑚
𝑦𝑟
1 𝑦𝑟
𝑥 365 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑥
1 𝑑𝑎𝑦
24 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠
= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟕𝟐𝟒𝟑𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟔𝟖 𝐦𝐦/𝐡𝐫

Solving for the Effective Rain Path Length, De:

D 28
𝐷𝑒 = = = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟓𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟑𝟎𝟐𝟖 𝒌𝒎
𝐷 28
1 + 1 +
35𝑒 −0.015xR 35𝑒 −0.015x 𝟎.𝟎𝟐𝟕𝟐𝟒𝟑𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟔𝟖

Solving for k:
𝑘 = log −1 [log(k1 ) − (𝑀)(log(k1 ) − log(k 2 )]
𝑘 = log −1 [log(0.00887) − (𝟎. 𝟔𝟑𝟒𝟑𝟎𝟒𝟕𝟏𝟕𝟐)(log(0.00887) − log(0.0168)]
𝒌 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟑𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟖𝟐𝟐𝟔
Solving for a:
𝑎 = 𝑎1 – 𝑀(𝑎1 – 𝑎2)

𝑎 = 1.217– 𝟎. 𝟔𝟑𝟒𝟑𝟎𝟒𝟕𝟏𝟕𝟐(1.217– 1.276)

𝒂 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟐𝟗𝟎𝟖𝟏

Therefore the rain attenuation is:

𝐴𝑟 = (𝐷𝑒)(𝑘)(𝑅 𝛼 )

= (𝟏𝟓. 𝟓𝟓𝟐𝟕𝟑𝟎𝟐𝟖)(𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟑𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟖𝟐𝟐𝟔)(𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟕𝟐𝟒𝟑𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟔𝟖𝟏.𝟑𝟐𝟗𝟎𝟖𝟏 )

𝑨𝒓 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟐𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟗 𝒅𝑩

ATMOSPHERIC LOSSES (AL)

AL = A 0 + 𝐴 𝐻 𝑂 + A r
2

AL = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟑𝟔𝟐𝟕𝟑𝟓𝟓 𝑑𝐵 + 𝟎. 𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟐𝟔𝟕𝟐 𝑑𝐵 + 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟐𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟗𝑑𝐵

𝑨𝑳 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎𝟑𝟔𝟐𝟔𝟖𝟏𝟔𝟓 𝒅𝑩
Therefore,

𝑀𝑃𝐿 = 𝐴𝐿 + 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠

𝑀𝑃𝐿 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎𝟑𝟔𝟐𝟔𝟖𝟏𝟔𝟓 𝑑𝐵

𝑴𝑷𝑳 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎𝟑𝟔𝟐𝟔𝟖𝟏𝟔𝟓 𝒅𝑩

FREESPACE PATH LOSS

𝑭𝑺𝑳 = 92.44 + 20 log 𝐹 + 20 log 𝐷

𝑭𝑺𝑳 = 92.44 + 20 log 11.26 + 20 log 28

𝐹𝑆𝐿(𝑑𝐵) = 𝟏𝟒𝟐. 𝟑𝟓 𝒅𝑩

TRANSMISSION LINE LOSS

COUPLING LOSS/INSERTION LOSS (IL)

There is typically a 0.01 dB insertion loss provided by the 290SC WR75

Flange for elliptical waveguide (See specs sheet for details).

𝐼𝐿𝑇𝑥 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏 𝒅𝑩
𝐼𝐿𝑅𝑥 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏 𝒅𝑩

TRANSMISSION LINE LOSS (TLL)

A 10.049 and 9.961 dB/100m attenuation are provided by the EW90 Elliptical

Waveguide (see specs sheet) for an operating frequency of 11.2 and 11.4 GHz

respectively. For a frequency of 11.226 GHz, the corresponding attenuation (A) is

calculated by interpolation as shown:

11.226 − 11.2 𝐴 − 10.049

=
11.4 − 11.2 9.961 − 10.049

Solving for A: 𝑨 = 𝟏𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟖 𝒅𝑩/𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒎

Solving for the TLL:

𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑥/𝑅𝑥 = 2(𝐴)(𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ + 𝐴𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒)

𝟏𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟖 𝑑𝐵
𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑥/𝑅𝑥 = 2 ( ) (15.726 𝑚 + 5 𝑚)
100 𝑚

𝑻𝑳𝑳𝑻𝒙/𝑹𝒙 = 𝟒. 𝟏𝟔 𝒅𝑩

ANTENNA MISALIGNMENT LOSS (AML)

There is typically a 0.25 dB antenna misalignment loss. So,
𝐴𝑀𝐿 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 𝒅𝑩

TOTAL FIXED LOSS (TFL)

𝑇𝐹𝐿 = 2 (𝐼𝐿) + 𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑥/𝑅𝑥 + 𝐴𝑀𝐿

𝑇𝐹𝐿 = 2 (0.01 𝑑𝐵) + (𝟒. 𝟏𝟔 𝑑𝐵) + 0.25 𝑑𝐵
𝑇𝐹𝐿 = 𝟒. 𝟒𝟑 𝒅𝑩

TOTAL LOSSES (TL)

𝑇𝐿 = 𝑀𝑃𝐿 + 𝐹𝑆𝐿 + 𝑇𝐹𝐿
𝑇𝐿 = 0.5655563424𝑑𝐵 + 141.5216454 𝑑𝐵 + 7.24886 𝑑𝐵
𝑻𝑳 = 𝟏𝟒𝟕. 𝟏𝟔𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟐𝟕 𝒅𝑩

TOTAL ANTENNA GAIN (TG)

Antenna Gain
𝐴𝐺= 17.8 + 20 log 𝐹𝐺𝐻𝑍 + 20 log 𝐵𝑚
𝐴𝐺= 17.8 + 20 log(11.226) + 20 log(0.9)
𝑨𝑮= 𝟑𝟕. 𝟖𝟗 𝒅𝑩

Total Antenna Gain

𝑇𝐺 = (𝐴𝐺 )(2)
𝑻𝑮 = (𝟑𝟕. 𝟖𝟗 𝒅𝑩)(𝟐)
𝑻𝑮 = 𝟕𝟓. 𝟕𝟖 𝒅𝑩
 NET PATH LOSS (NPL)
𝑁𝑃𝐿 = | 𝑇𝐺 − 𝑇𝐿 |
𝑁𝑃𝐿 = |𝟕𝟓. 𝟕𝟖 𝑑𝐵 − 𝟏𝟒𝟕. 𝟏𝟔𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟐𝟕 𝑑𝐵 |
𝑵𝑷𝑳 = 𝟕𝟏. 𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟐𝟕 𝒅𝑩

RECEIVED SIGNAL LEVEL (RSL)

The REBLE610 Tx/Rx/Repeater has a transmit power at 11 GHz band of
34 dBm (Refer to the specs sheet).

𝑅𝑆𝐿 = 𝑃𝑇 − 𝑁𝑃𝐿
𝑅𝑆𝐿 = 34 𝑑𝐵𝑚 − 𝟕𝟏. 𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟐𝟕 𝑑𝐵
𝑹𝑺𝑳 = −𝟑𝟕. 𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟐𝟕 𝒅𝑩𝒎

FADE MARGIN
The REBLE610 Tx/Rx/Repeater has a receiver sensitivity of -88 dBm at the
11 GHz (Refer to the specs sheet).

𝐹𝑀 = 𝑅𝑆𝐿 − 𝐼𝑇
𝐹𝑀 = −𝟑𝟕. 𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟐𝟕 𝑑𝐵𝑚 − (−88 𝑑𝐵𝑚)
𝑭𝑴 = 𝟓𝟎. 𝟔𝟏𝟕𝟎𝟓𝟕𝟑 𝒅𝑩

NON-DIVERSITY ANNUAL OUTAGE

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑉𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑡 − 𝐵𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑡 𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:
𝐹𝑀 = 30𝑙𝑜𝑔𝐷 + 10𝑙𝑜𝑔(6𝑎𝑏𝑓) − 10𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑈𝑁𝐷𝑃) − 70
𝟓𝟎. 𝟔𝟏𝟕𝟎𝟓𝟕𝟑 𝑑𝐵 = 30𝑙𝑜𝑔(28) + 10𝑙𝑜𝑔(6𝑥1𝑥0.25𝑥11.226) − 10𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑈𝑁𝐷𝑃) − 70
𝑼𝑵𝑫𝑷 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟐

RELIABILITY
𝑅 = 100%(1 − 𝑈𝑁𝐷𝑃)
𝑅 = 100%(1 − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟐)
𝑹 = 𝟗𝟗. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟔𝟕𝟗𝟑 %
 HOP 2

MISCELLANEOUS PATH LOSS (MPL)

OXYGEN ABSORPTION LOSS (AO)

6.09 4.81
𝐴𝑜 = [7.19x10−3 + 2 + ] (F𝑐 2 )(10−3 )(D)
F𝑐 + 0.227 (F𝑐 − 57)2 + 1.5

6.09
𝐴𝑜 = [7.19x10−3 +
(11.226)2 + 0.227
4.81
+ ] (11.2262 )(10−3 )(27.2)
(11.226 − 57)2 + 1.5

𝑨𝒐 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟗𝟕𝟖𝟎𝟗𝟒𝟑𝟏 𝒅𝑩

WATER VAPOR LOSS (AH2O)

3 9
𝐴𝐻2 𝑂 = [0.067 + +
(11.226 − 22.3) + 7.3 (11.226 − 183.3)2 + 6
2

4.3
+ ] (11.2262 )(12 x 10−4 ) (27.2)
(11.226 − 323.8)2 + 10
𝑨𝑯𝟐 𝑶 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟕𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟒𝟓𝟐𝟖 𝒅𝑩

RAINFALL LOSS

Based on Regression Coefficient Table:

*NOTE:
f1 < f < f2 k2 = 0.0168 a1 = 1.217
k1 < k < k 2 k1 = 0.00887 a2 = 1.276
a1 < a < a2
log(𝑓1 ) − log(f𝑐 )
𝑀=
log(f1 ) − log(f2 )
log(10)− log(11.226)
𝑀= log(10)−log(12)

𝑴 = 𝟎.6343047172
 For rainfall rate:
𝑚𝑚
𝑅 (𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑎) = 295
𝑦𝑟
𝑚𝑚
𝑅 (𝑉𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑠) = 1826
𝑦𝑟

𝑅=
1826+295
2
= 1060.5 𝑚𝑚
𝑦𝑟
1 𝑦𝑟
𝑥 365 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑥
1 𝑑𝑎𝑦
24 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠
= 𝟎. 𝟏𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟔𝟏𝟔𝟒𝟑𝟖 𝐦𝐦/𝐡𝐫

Solving for the Effective Rain Path Length, De:

D 27.2
𝐷𝑒 = = = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟐𝟗𝟑𝟑𝟏𝟎𝟕𝟓 𝒌𝒎
𝐷 27.2
1 + 1 +
35𝑒 −0.015xR 35𝑒 −0.015x 𝟎.𝟏𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟔𝟏𝟔𝟒𝟑𝟖

Solving for k:
𝑘 = log −1 [log(k1 ) − (𝑀)(log(k1 ) − log(k 2 )]
𝑘 = log −1 [log(0.00887) − (𝟎. 𝟔𝟑𝟒𝟑𝟎𝟒𝟕𝟏𝟕𝟐)(log(0.00887) − log(0.0168)]
𝒌 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟑𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟖𝟐𝟐𝟔
Solving for a:
𝑎 = 𝑎1 – 𝑀(𝑎1 – 𝑎2)

𝑎 = 1.217– 𝟎. 𝟔𝟑𝟒𝟑𝟎𝟒𝟕𝟏𝟕𝟐(1.217– 1.276)

𝒂 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟐𝟗𝟎𝟖𝟏

Therefore the rain attenuation is:

𝐴𝑟 = (𝐷𝑒)(𝑘)(𝑅 𝛼 )

= (𝟏𝟓. 𝟐𝟗𝟑𝟑𝟏𝟎𝟕𝟓)(𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟑𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟖𝟐𝟐𝟔)(𝟎. 𝟏𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟔𝟏𝟔𝟒𝟑𝟖𝟏.𝟑𝟐𝟗𝟎𝟖𝟏 )

𝑨𝒓 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟑𝟕𝟑 𝒅𝑩

ATMOSPHERIC LOSSES (AL)

AL = A 0 + 𝐴 𝐻 𝑂 + A r
2

AL = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟗𝟕𝟖𝟎𝟗𝟒𝟑𝟏 𝑑𝐵 + 𝟎. 𝟑𝟕𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟒𝟓𝟐𝟖 𝑑𝐵 + 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟐𝟐𝟗𝟒𝟑𝟕𝟑 𝑑𝐵

𝑨𝑳 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟕𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟓𝟔𝟖 𝒅𝑩
Therefore,

𝑀𝑃𝐿 = 𝐴𝐿 + 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠

𝑀𝑃𝐿 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟕𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟓𝟔𝟖 𝑑𝐵

𝑴𝑷𝑳 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟕𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟓𝟔𝟖 𝒅𝑩

FREESPACE PATH LOSS

𝑭𝑺𝑳 = 92.44 + 20 log 𝐹 + 20 log 𝐷

𝑭𝑺𝑳 = 92.44 + 20 log 11.26 + 20 log 27.2

𝐹𝑆𝐿(𝑑𝐵) = 𝟏𝟒𝟐. 𝟏𝟎 𝒅𝑩

TRANSMISSION LINE LOSS

COUPLING LOSS/INSERTION LOSS (IL)

There is typically a 0.01 dB insertion loss provided by the 290SC WR75

Flange for elliptical waveguide (See specs sheet for details).

𝐼𝐿𝑇𝑥 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏 𝒅𝑩
𝐼𝐿𝑅𝑥 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏 𝒅𝑩

TRANSMISSION LINE LOSS (TLL)

A 10.049 and 9.961 dB/100m attenuation are provided by the EW90 Elliptical

Waveguide (see specs sheet) for an operating frequency of 11.2 and 11.4 GHz

respectively. For a frequency of 11.226 GHz, the corresponding attenuation (A) is

calculated by interpolation as shown:

11.226 − 11.2 𝐴 − 10.049

=
11.4 − 11.2 9.961 − 10.049

Solving for A: 𝑨 = 𝟏𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟖 𝒅𝑩/𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒎

Solving for the TLL:

𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑥/𝑅𝑥 = 2(𝐴)(𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ + 𝐴𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒)

𝟏𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟖 𝑑𝐵
𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑥/𝑅𝑥 = 2 ( ) (18.2389 𝑚 + 5 𝑚)
100 𝑚

𝑻𝑳𝑳𝑻𝒙/𝑹𝒙 = 𝟒. 𝟔𝟔 𝒅𝑩

ANTENNA MISALIGNMENT LOSS (AML)

There is typically a 0.25 dB antenna misalignment loss. So,
𝐴𝑀𝐿 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 𝒅𝑩

TOTAL FIXED LOSS (TFL)

𝑇𝐹𝐿 = 2 (𝐼𝐿) + 𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑥/𝑅𝑥 + 𝐴𝑀𝐿

𝑇𝐹𝐿 = 2 (0.01 𝑑𝐵) + (𝟒. 𝟔𝟔 𝑑𝐵) + 0.25 𝑑𝐵
𝑇𝐹𝐿 = 𝟒. 𝟗𝟑 𝒅𝑩

TOTAL LOSSES (TL)

𝑇𝐿 = 𝑀𝑃𝐿 + 𝐹𝑆𝐿 + 𝑇𝐹𝐿
𝑇𝐿 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟕𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟓𝟔𝟖 𝑑𝐵 + 𝟏𝟒𝟐. 𝟏𝟎 𝑑𝐵 + 𝟒. 𝟗𝟑 𝑑𝐵
𝑻𝑳 = 𝟏𝟒𝟕. 𝟔𝟎𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟓𝟑 𝒅𝑩

TOTAL ANTENNA GAIN (TG)

Antenna Gain
𝐴𝐺= 17.8 + 20 log 𝐹𝐺𝐻𝑍 + 20 log 𝐵𝑚
𝐴𝐺= 17.8 + 20 log(11.226) + 20 log(0.9)
𝑨𝑮= 𝟑𝟕. 𝟖𝟗 𝒅𝑩

Total Antenna Gain

𝑇𝐺 = (𝐴𝐺 )(2)
𝑻𝑮 = (𝟑𝟕. 𝟖𝟗 𝒅𝑩)(𝟐)
𝑻𝑮 = 𝟕𝟓. 𝟕𝟖 𝒅𝑩
 NET PATH LOSS (NPL)
𝑁𝑃𝐿 = | 𝑇𝐺 − 𝑇𝐿 |
𝑁𝑃𝐿 = |𝟕𝟓. 𝟕𝟖 𝑑𝐵 − 𝟏𝟒𝟕. 𝟔𝟎𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟓𝟑 𝑑𝐵 |
𝑵𝑷𝑳 = 𝟕𝟏. 𝟖𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟔 𝒅𝑩

RECEIVED SIGNAL LEVEL (RSL)

The REBLE610 Tx/Rx/Repeater has a transmit power at 11 GHz band of
34 dBm (Refer to the specs sheet).

𝑅𝑆𝐿 = 𝑃𝑇 − 𝑁𝑃𝐿
𝑅𝑆𝐿 = 34 𝑑𝐵𝑚 − 𝟕𝟏. 𝟖𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟔 𝑑𝐵
𝑹𝑺𝑳 = −𝟑𝟕. 𝟖𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟔 𝒅𝑩𝒎

FADE MARGIN
The REBLE610 Tx/Rx/Repeater has a receiver sensitivity of -88 dBm at the
11 GHz (Refer to the specs sheet).

𝐹𝑀 = 𝑅𝑆𝐿 − 𝐼𝑇
𝐹𝑀 = −𝟑𝟕. 𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟔 𝑑𝐵𝑚 − (−88 𝑑𝐵𝑚)
𝑭𝑴 = 𝟓𝟎. 𝟏𝟕𝟕𝟖𝟗𝟒𝟕𝟒 𝒅𝑩

NON-DIVERSITY ANNUAL OUTAGE

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑉𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑡 − 𝐵𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑡 𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:
𝐹𝑀 = 30𝑙𝑜𝑔𝐷 + 10𝑙𝑜𝑔(6𝑎𝑏𝑓) − 10𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑈𝑁𝐷𝑃) − 70
𝟓𝟎. 𝟏𝟕𝟕𝟖𝟗𝟒𝟕 𝑑𝐵 = 30𝑙𝑜𝑔(27.2) + 10𝑙𝑜𝑔(6𝑥1𝑥0.25𝑥11.226) − 10𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑈𝑁𝐷𝑃) − 70
𝑼𝑵𝑫𝑷 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟐𝟓

RELIABILITY
𝑅 = 100%(1 − 𝑈𝑁𝐷𝑃)
𝑅 = 100%(1 − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟐𝟓)
𝑹 = 𝟗𝟗. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟔𝟕𝟒𝟕 %
 HOP 3

MISCELLANEOUS PATH LOSS (MPL)

OXYGEN ABSORPTION LOSS (AO)

6.09 4.81
𝐴𝑜 = [7.19x10−3 + 2 + ] (F𝑐 2 )(10−3 )(D)
F𝑐 + 0.227 (F𝑐 − 57)2 + 1.5
6.09
𝐴𝑜 = [7.19x10−3 +
(11.226)2 + 0.227
4.81
+ ] (11.2262 )(10−3 )(25.8)
(11.226 − 57)2 + 1.5

𝑨𝒐 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟖𝟕𝟔𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟔𝟑 𝒅𝑩

WATER VAPOR LOSS (AH2O)

3 9
𝐴𝐻2 𝑂 = [0.067 + +
(11.226 − 22.3)2 + 7.3 (11.226 − 183.3)2 + 6
4.3
+ ] (11.2262 )(12 x 10−4 ) (27.2)
(11.226 − 323.8)2 + 10
𝑨𝑯𝟐 𝑶 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟓𝟐𝟖𝟓𝟒𝟑𝟏𝟗𝟐 𝒅𝑩

RAINFALL LOSS

Based on Regression Coefficient Table:

*NOTE:
f1 < f < f2 k2 = 0.0168 a1 = 1.217
k1 < k < k 2 k1 = 0.00887 a2 = 1.276
a1 < a < a2
log(𝑓1 ) − log(f𝑐 )
𝑀=
log(f1 ) − log(f2 )
log(10)− log(11.226)
𝑀= log(10)−log(12)

𝑴 = 𝟎.6343047172
 For rainfall rate:
𝑚𝑚
𝑅 (𝑉𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑠) = 1826
𝑦𝑟
𝑚𝑚
𝑅 (𝐾𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛) = 1932
𝑦𝑟

𝑅=
1826+1932
2
= 1929 𝑚𝑚
𝑦𝑟
1 𝑦𝑟
𝑥 365 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑥
1 𝑑𝑎𝑦
24 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠
= 𝟎. 𝟐𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟕𝟗𝟓 𝐦𝐦/𝐡𝐫

Solving for the Effective Rain Path Length, De:

D 25.8
𝐷𝑒 = = = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟖𝟑𝟏𝟔𝟗𝟏𝟐𝟕 𝒌𝒎
𝐷 25.8
1 + 1 +
35𝑒 −0.015xR 35𝑒 −0.015x 𝟎.𝟐𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟕𝟗𝟓

Solving for k:
𝑘 = log −1 [log(k1 ) − (𝑀)(log(k1 ) − log(k 2 )]
𝑘 = log −1 [log(0.00887) − (𝟎. 𝟔𝟑𝟒𝟑𝟎𝟒𝟕𝟏𝟕𝟐)(log(0.00887) − log(0.0168)]
𝒌 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟑𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟖𝟐𝟐𝟔
Solving for a:
𝑎 = 𝑎1 – 𝑀(𝑎1 – 𝑎2)

𝑎 = 1.217– 𝟎. 𝟔𝟑𝟒𝟑𝟎𝟒𝟕𝟏𝟕𝟐(1.217– 1.276)

𝒂 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟐𝟗𝟎𝟖𝟏

Therefore the rain attenuation is:

𝐴𝑟 = (𝐷𝑒)(𝑘)(𝑅 𝛼 )

= (𝟏𝟒. 𝟖𝟑𝟏𝟔𝟗𝟏𝟐𝟕)(𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟑𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟖𝟐𝟐𝟔)(𝟎. 𝟐𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟕𝟗𝟓𝟏.𝟑𝟐𝟗𝟎𝟖𝟏 )

𝑨𝒓 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟒𝟕𝟓𝟗𝟎𝟑𝟏 𝒅𝑩

ATMOSPHERIC LOSSES (AL)

AL = A 0 + 𝐴 𝐻 𝑂 + A r
2

AL = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟖𝟕𝟔𝟐𝟖𝟎𝟔𝟑 𝑑𝐵 + 𝟎. 𝟑𝟓𝟐𝟖𝟓𝟒𝟑𝟏𝟗𝟐 𝑑𝐵 + 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟒𝟕𝟓𝟗𝟎𝟑𝟏 𝑑𝐵

𝑨𝑳 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟒𝟓𝟐𝟒𝟏𝟒𝟏𝟑𝟐 𝒅𝑩
Therefore,

𝑀𝑃𝐿 = 𝐴𝐿 + 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠

𝑀𝑃𝐿 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟒𝟓𝟐𝟒𝟏𝟒𝟏𝟑𝟐 𝑑𝐵

𝑴𝑷𝑳 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟒𝟓𝟐𝟒𝟏𝟒𝟏𝟑𝟐 𝒅𝑩

FREESPACE PATH LOSS

𝑭𝑺𝑳 = 92.44 + 20 log 𝐹 + 20 log 𝐷

𝑭𝑺𝑳 = 92.44 + 20 log 11.26 + 20 log 25.8

𝐹𝑆𝐿(𝑑𝐵) = 𝟏𝟒𝟏. 𝟔𝟑𝟔𝟖𝟗𝟒𝟗 𝒅𝑩

TRANSMISSION LINE LOSS

COUPLING LOSS/INSERTION LOSS (IL)

There is typically a 0.01 dB insertion loss provided by the 290SC WR75

Flange for elliptical waveguide (See specs sheet for details).

𝐼𝐿𝑇𝑥 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏 𝒅𝑩
𝐼𝐿𝑅𝑥 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏 𝒅𝑩

TRANSMISSION LINE LOSS (TLL)

A 10.049 and 9.961 dB/100m attenuation are provided by the EW90 Elliptical

Waveguide (see specs sheet) for an operating frequency of 11.2 and 11.4 GHz

respectively. For a frequency of 11.226 GHz, the corresponding attenuation (A) is

calculated by interpolation as shown:

11.226 − 11.2 𝐴 − 10.049

=
11.4 − 11.2 9.961 − 10.049

Solving for A: 𝑨 = 𝟏𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟖 𝒅𝑩/𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒎

Solving for the TLL:

𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑥/𝑅𝑥 = 2(𝐴)(𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ + 𝐴𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒)

𝟏𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟖 𝑑𝐵
𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑥/𝑅𝑥 = 2 ( ) (31.9823 𝑚 + 5 𝑚)
100 𝑚

𝑻𝑳𝑳𝑻𝒙/𝑹𝒙 = 𝟕. 𝟒𝟏𝟒𝟓𝟐𝟖𝟓𝟒𝟒 𝒅𝑩

ANTENNA MISALIGNMENT LOSS (AML)

There is typically a 0.25 dB antenna misalignment loss. So,
𝐴𝑀𝐿 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓 𝒅𝑩

TOTAL FIXED LOSS (TFL)

𝑇𝐹𝐿 = 2 (𝐼𝐿) + 𝑇𝐿𝐿𝑇𝑥/𝑅𝑥 + 𝐴𝑀𝐿

𝑇𝐹𝐿 = 2 (0.01 𝑑𝐵) + (𝟕. 𝟒𝟏𝟒𝟓𝟐𝟖𝟓𝟒𝟒 𝑑𝐵) + 0.25 𝑑𝐵
𝑇𝐹𝐿 = 𝟕. 𝟔𝟖𝟒𝟓𝟐𝟖𝟓𝟒𝟒 𝒅𝑩

TOTAL LOSSES (TL)

𝑇𝐿 = 𝑀𝑃𝐿 + 𝐹𝑆𝐿 + 𝑇𝐹𝐿
𝑇𝐿 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟒𝟓𝟐𝟒𝟏𝟒𝟏𝟑𝟐 𝑑𝐵 + 𝟏𝟒𝟏. 𝟔𝟑𝟔𝟖𝟗𝟒𝟗 𝑑𝐵 + 𝟕. 𝟔𝟖𝟒𝟓𝟐𝟖𝟓𝟒𝟒 𝑑𝐵
𝑻𝑳 = 𝟏𝟒𝟗. 𝟖𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟒𝟗 𝒅𝑩

TOTAL ANTENNA GAIN (TG)

Antenna Gain
𝐴𝐺= 17.8 + 20 log 𝐹𝐺𝐻𝑍 + 20 log 𝐵𝑚
𝐴𝐺= 17.8 + 20 log(11.226) + 20 log(0.9)
𝑨𝑮= 𝟑𝟕. 𝟖𝟗 𝒅𝑩

Total Antenna Gain

𝑇𝐺 = (𝐴𝐺 )(2)
𝑻𝑮 = (𝟑𝟕. 𝟖𝟗 𝒅𝑩)(𝟐)
𝑻𝑮 = 𝟕𝟓. 𝟕𝟖 𝒅𝑩
 NET PATH LOSS (NPL)
𝑁𝑃𝐿 = | 𝑇𝐺 − 𝑇𝐿 |
𝑁𝑃𝐿 = |𝟕𝟓. 𝟕𝟖 𝑑𝐵 − 𝟏𝟒𝟗. 𝟖𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟒𝟗 𝑑𝐵 |
𝑵𝑷𝑳 = 𝟕𝟒. 𝟎𝟖𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟒𝟖𝟔 𝒅𝑩

RECEIVED SIGNAL LEVEL (RSL)

The REBLE610 Tx/Rx/Repeater has a transmit power at 11 GHz band of
34 dBm (Refer to the specs sheet).

𝑅𝑆𝐿 = 𝑃𝑇 − 𝑁𝑃𝐿
𝑅𝑆𝐿 = 34 𝑑𝐵𝑚 − 𝟕𝟒. 𝟎𝟖𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟒𝟖𝟔 𝒅 𝑑𝐵
𝑹𝑺𝑳 = −𝟒𝟎. 𝟎𝟖𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟒𝟖𝟔 𝒅𝑩𝒎

FADE MARGIN
The REBLE610 Tx/Rx/Repeater has a receiver sensitivity of -88 dBm at the
11 GHz (Refer to the specs sheet).

𝐹𝑀 = 𝑅𝑆𝐿 − 𝐼𝑇
𝐹𝑀 = −𝟒𝟎. 𝟎𝟖𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟒𝟖𝟔 𝑑𝐵𝑚 − (−88 𝑑𝐵𝑚)
𝑭𝑴 = 𝟒𝟕. 𝟗𝟏𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟓𝟏𝟒 𝒅𝑩

NON-DIVERSITY ANNUAL OUTAGE

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑉𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑡 − 𝐵𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑡 𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛:
𝐹𝑀 = 30𝑙𝑜𝑔𝐷 + 10𝑙𝑜𝑔(6𝑎𝑏𝑓) − 10𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑈𝑁𝐷𝑃) − 70
𝟒𝟕. 𝟗𝟏𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟓𝟏 𝑑𝐵 = 30𝑙𝑜𝑔(25.8) + 10𝑙𝑜𝑔(6𝑥1𝑥0.25𝑥11.226) − 10𝑙𝑜𝑔(𝑈𝑁𝐷𝑃) − 70
𝑼𝑵𝑫𝑷 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟒𝟔𝟕

RELIABILITY
𝑅 = 100%(1 − 𝑈𝑁𝐷𝑃)
𝑅 = 100%(1 − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟒𝟔𝟕)
𝑹 = 𝟗𝟗. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟓𝟑𝟐𝟒%
OR = (R1X R2X R3) X 100%
OR = (0.9999996793*0.9999996747*0.99995324) *100%
OR = 99.99988864 %