12.
4 Biogeochemical cycle component
OBJECTIVES
Students should be able to:
Describe the biogeochemical component
Lesson Objective:
Explain biogeochemistry
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
• Organisms require essential chemical elements ( eg:
C, H, O, N, P, S ) to build organic matter
• The chemical elements cycle within the biosphere
• Biogeochemical cycles describe the cycling &
changing of chemical elements in ecosystems that
involve biotic & abiotic geological components
(Relation between biological and geological component
and chemical changes)
Lesson Objective:
Explain biogeochemistry
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
Biogeochemical cycles are cycling of matter from the
abiotic environment to organism and then back to the
abiotic environment
Lesson Objective:
Describe biogeochemical cycle components ( cycling
pool and reservoir pool )
…BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
• 2 components of a biogeochemical cycle:
• 1. Reservoir pool
- where the chemical element is in large quantity & doesn’t
move actively
- the abiotic component of ecosystem
• 2. Cycling pool
- where the chemical element is in smaller quantity & move
actively
- involves biotic components of ecosystem
Lesson Objective:
Describe biogeochemical cycle components ( cycling
pool and reservoir pool )
…BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
In a biogeochemical cycle, ions or molecules of nutrient
are transferred from the environment into organisms, then
back to the environment, part which functions as a vast
reservior for them
Lesson Objective:
Describe Carbon cycle ( carbon dioxide fixation by plants and the
counter balancing release of carbon dioxide in respiration
CARBON CYCLE
• Reservoir pools: atmosphere ( CO2 ), fossil fuels, soils,
sediments, limestone etc
• Atmospheric CO2 is usually taken by plants for
photosynthesis ( to make organic materials )
• Animals assimilate organic carbon by eating the plants
or other animals
• C is returned to atmosphere ( as CO2 ) through cellular
respiration by organisms
• Dead organic matter may form fossils & burning of fossil
fuels also releases CO2
Lesson Objective:
Describe Carbon cycle ( carbon dioxide fixation by plants and the
counter balancing release of carbon dioxide in respiration
Carbon cycle
Lesson Objective:
Describe Carbon cycle ( carbon dioxide fixation by plants and the
counter balancing release of carbon dioxide in respiration
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
The process of removing carbon from the
atmosphere and depositing it in a reservoir.
also be used to refer to the process of carbon
capture and storage, where carbon dioxide (CO2) is
removed from flue gases, such as on power
stations, before being stored in underground
reservoirs
also refer to natural biogeochemical cycling of
carbon between the atmosphere and reservoirs,
such as by chemical weathering of rocks
Lesson Objective:
Describe Carbon cycle ( carbon dioxide fixation by plants and the
counter balancing release of carbon dioxide in respiration
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
Carbon sequestration describes long-term storage of
carbon dioxide or other forms of carbon to either
mitigate or defer global warming.
It has been proposed as a way to slow the
atmospheric and marine accumulation of greenhouse
gases, which are released by burning fossil fuels.
Carbon dioxide is naturally captured from the
atmosphere through biological, chemical or physical
processes. Some anthropogenic sequestration
techniques exploit these natural processes., while
some use entirely artificial processes.
Lesson Objective:
Describe Carbon cycle ( carbon dioxide fixation by plants and the
counter balancing release of carbon dioxide in respiration
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
Carbon dioxide may be captured as a pure by-product
in processes related to petroleum refining or from flue
gases from power generation.
CO2 sequestration includes the storage part of carbon
capture and storage, which refers to large-scale,
permanent artificial capture and sequestration of
industrially produced CO2 using subsurface saline
aquifers, reservoirs, ocean water, aging oil fields, or
other carbon sinks.
CARBON CYCLE
Major reservoirs of carbon interconnected by
pathways of exchange:
The atmosphere
The terrestrial biosphere, which is usually defined to
include fresh water systems and non-living organic
material, such as soil carbon.
The oceans, including dissolved inorganic carbon and
living and non-living marine biota,
The sediments including fossil fuels.
The Earth's interior, carbon from the Earth's mantle
and crust is released to the atmosphere and
hydrosphere by volcanoes and geothermal systems.
Lesson Objective:
Describe Carbon cycle ( carbon dioxide fixation by plants and the
counter balancing release of carbon dioxide in respiration
CARBON EXCHANGE
Like a stock exchange for pollution.Its provides a market for
business to trade on the release and capture of carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases
Called cap and trade
-trading members agree to reduce the amount of greenhouse
gases they release into atm by specified percentage
-that limit is the cap-when members release less than their
limit,they are left with a surplus of emission credits.these surplus
credit can then be soldto members who have released more than
their limits
Agriculturul businesses earn more credits because plants remove or
capture carbon from the atm
SUMMARY
