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Database Management System (DBMS) Basic Concepts STRUCTURE of DBMS

The document discusses the structure and components of a Database Management System (DBMS). It describes the main components as the DDL Compiler, DML Compiler and Query Optimizer, Data Manager, Data Dictionary, Data Files, and Compiled DML. The Data Manager acts as the central software that controls operations on the database like converting queries, handling data access and buffers, enforcing constraints, and controlling backup and recovery. The Data Dictionary stores metadata about the database structure and design.

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145 views

Database Management System (DBMS) Basic Concepts STRUCTURE of DBMS

The document discusses the structure and components of a Database Management System (DBMS). It describes the main components as the DDL Compiler, DML Compiler and Query Optimizer, Data Manager, Data Dictionary, Data Files, and Compiled DML. The Data Manager acts as the central software that controls operations on the database like converting queries, handling data access and buffers, enforcing constraints, and controlling backup and recovery. The Data Dictionary stores metadata about the database structure and design.

Uploaded by

gazi faisal
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Automatic data lineage

Database Management System (DBMS)


Basic Concepts
Saturday, February 23, 2008

STRUCTURE OF DBMS
STRUCTURE OF DBMS

DBMS (Database Management System) acts as an interface between the user and the
database. The user requests the DBMS to perform various operations (insert, delete, update
and retrieval) on the database. The components of DBMS perform these requested operations
on the database and provide necessary data to the users. The various components of DBMS
are shown below: -

Fig. 2.1 Structure Of DBMS

1. DDL Compiler - Data Description Language compiler processes schema definitions


specified in the DDL. It includes metadata information such as the name of the files, data
items, storage details of each file, mapping information and constraints etc.

2. DML Compiler and Query optimizer - The DML commands such as insert, update,
delete, retrieve from the application program are sent to the DML compiler for compilation into
object code for database access. The object code is then optimized in the best way to execute
a query by the query optimizer and then send to the data manager.

3. Data Manager - The Data Manager is the central software component of the DBMS
also knows as Database Control System.

The Main Functions Of Data Manager Are: –

• Convert operations in user's Queries coming from the application programs or combination of
DML Compiler and Query optimizer which is known as Query Processor from user's logical
view to physical file system.

• Controls DBMS information access that is stored on disk.

• It also controls handling buffers in main memory.

• It also enforces constraints to maintain consistency and integrity of the data.

• It also synchronizes the simultaneous operations performed by the concurrent users.

• It also controls the backup and recovery operations.

4. Data Dictionary - Data Dictionary is a repository of description of data in the


database. It contains information about

• Data - names of the tables, names of attributes of each table, length of attributes, and number
of rows in each table.

• Relationships between database transactions and data items referenced by them which is
useful in determining which transactions are affected when certain data definitions are
changed.

• Constraints on data i.e. range of values permitted.

• Detailed information on physical database design such as storage structure, access paths,
files and record sizes.

• Access Authorization - is the Description of database users their responsibilities and their
access rights.

• Usage statistics such as frequency of query and transactions.

Data dictionary is used to actually control the data integrity, database operation and
accuracy. It may be used as a important part of the DBMS.

Importance of Data Dictionary -

Data Dictionary is necessary in the databases due to following reasons:

• It improves the control of DBA over the information system and user's understanding of use
of the system.

• It helps in documentating the database design process by storing documentation of the


result of every design phase and design decisions.

• It helps in searching the views on the database definitions of those views.

• It provides great assistance in producing a report of which data elements (i.e. data values)
are used in all the programs.

• It promotes data independence i.e. by addition or modifications of structures in the database


application program are not effected.

5. Data Files - It contains the data portion of the database.

6. Compiled DML - The DML complier converts the high level Queries into low level file
access commands known as compiled DML.

7. End Users - They are already discussed in previous section.

Ankit Goyal at 5:08 AM

22 comments:

aakshara July 28, 2009 at 10:28 AM


hey thanks i really wanted this info.
Reply

kit2 January 20, 2010 at 5:21 AM


Thanks a tonne dude!!! :)
Reply

Neeraj Singh August 2, 2010 at 3:34 AM


Thanks dear for this valuable piece of information in your blog.
Reply

prabhu November 8, 2010 at 4:11 AM


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Reply

Subramani November 24, 2010 at 4:49 PM


Thanks a lot dude.
Reply

Muthu Ganapathy February 4, 2011 at 6:37 AM


this was very useful keep helping others.....
Reply

luv_abhi1923 February 16, 2011 at 10:30 PM


quite understanding n clarified figure....wid brief info of points...i liked it,,
Reply

tanya May 19, 2011 at 6:04 PM


thnkssssssssssssssssss dude
Reply

pavan June 7, 2011 at 10:38 PM


its very nice and exordinary thankssssssssssssssssssss
Reply

Ankit Goyal June 8, 2011 at 6:55 PM


Thanks to all for your comments :)
Reply

Basu July 25, 2011 at 12:29 AM


Very simplied and easy to understand Thanks a lot.
Reply
aswini September 3, 2011 at 8:51 AM
very nice i can clearly understand this part superb
Reply

Lakhan Meena August 18, 2012 at 12:35 PM


thanks dude....
Reply

nk December 2, 2014 at 12:59 PM


Awesome dude !! love it !! in short form :)
Reply

chirag pansuriya December 23, 2014 at 4:51 PM


Thanksss BuddY....
Reply

Maheboob Korba May 2, 2015 at 7:15 PM


Thanks so much sir
Reply

sujeet kumar November 14, 2015 at 8:52 PM


Thanks
Reply

William Whaite February 3, 2016 at 12:35 AM


Great, helped a lot
Reply

Unknown August 6, 2016 at 7:45 PM


It's Really eligible to Understand commonly for any person in Your site .
I m your obedient ...truelly Thanks by heart.

Reply
Reply

Usha Dharshini August 23, 2016 at 6:18 PM


Please give detail ans about end user
Reply

Usha Dharshini August 23, 2016 at 6:18 PM


Please give detail ans about end user
Reply

rennie kimutai April 20, 2017 at 2:13 AM


Thank you... For real
Reply

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