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Animal Nutrition

Animals require nutrients from food for growth, health, and bodily processes. Nutrients provide energy, build cells and tissues, and regulate functions. The six basic classes of nutrients are water, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, and vitamins. Animals cannot synthesize essential nutrients and must obtain them from food. Nutrients provide either energy or building materials for cells and tissues.

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Jakero Villarin
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180 views23 pages

Animal Nutrition

Animals require nutrients from food for growth, health, and bodily processes. Nutrients provide energy, build cells and tissues, and regulate functions. The six basic classes of nutrients are water, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, and vitamins. Animals cannot synthesize essential nutrients and must obtain them from food. Nutrients provide either energy or building materials for cells and tissues.

Uploaded by

Jakero Villarin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANIMAL NUTRITION

What is a Nutrient?
WEssential substances that your body needs in order
to grow and stay healthy
Nutrients
 Some provide energy.
 All help build cells and tissues, regulate bodily
processes such as breathing.
 No single food supplies all the nutrients the body
needs to function.
Nutritional Requirements food

 Animals are heterotrophs


 need to take in food ATP
 Why? fulfills 3 needs…
 fuel = chemical energy for O2
production of ATP
 raw materials = carbon
source for synthesis of
macromolecules
 essential nutrients = animals
cannot make
o elements (N, P, K, Fe, Na, K, Ca)
Calorie
 a unit of energy that indicates
the amount of energy
contained in food.
 It specifically refers to the
amount of heat energy required
to raise the temperature of 1 kg
(2.2 lb.) of water by 1 oC (1.8 oF)
 The greater the number of
Calories in a quantity of food,
the greater energy it contains
Nutritional Requirements of Animals
 Six Basic Classes
1. Water
2. Carbohydrates
3. Fats
4. Proteins
5. Minerals
6. Vitamins
Nutritional Requirements of Animals (Water)
Nutritional Requirements of Animals
Carbohydrates
 serve as a major energy
source for the cells in the
body
 usually obtained from grains,
cereals, breads, fruits, and
vegetables.
 On average, carbohydrates
contain 4 Calories per gram.
Nutritional Requirements of Animals
Protein
 can also be used as an energy
source
 Main function: building materials for
cell structures and as enzymes,
hormones, parts of muscles, and bones
 proteins come from dairy products,
poultry, fish, meat, and grains
 proteins contain 4 Calories per
gram
Nutritional Requirements of Animals
Fats
 obtained from oils,
margarine, butter, fried
foods, meat, and
processed snack foods
 contain a higher amount
of energy per gram than
carbohydrates or proteins,
about 9 Calories per
gram.
Essential Nutrients
 include substances that animals can only get from the foods
they eat because they could not be synthesized inside the
body.
Essential Nutrients
Essential fatty acids

 used for making


special membrane
lipids;
 an example is linoleic
acid in humans.
Nutritional Requirements of Animals
 Vitamins
 organic molecules required in small amounts for normal
metabolism
 examples include fat-soluble Vitamins A, D, E, K, and
water-soluble Vitamins B, B2, B3, B12, C.
Nutritional Requirements of Animals
Trace Elements or Minerals
 inorganic nutrients needed by the body in minute
amounts
 these form part of enzymes, body tissues, and body
fluid
 examples include: iodine, cobalt, zinc, molybdenum,
manganese, selenium.
Food Uptake in Cells
Feeding Mechanism of Animals

filter (suspension) feeding substrate feeding


Feeding Mechanism of Animals

Bulk –
feeding

Fluid – feeding

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