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Geography Worksheet Class 10 Soils

The document provides information about different types of soils found in India including their characteristics and formation. It discusses soils such as black soil, alluvial soil, red soil, laterite soil, and regur soil. Key points include: - Black soil is found near Godavari river valley and is formed by weathering of basalt rock. Alluvial soil is found near Yamuna river valley and is formed by sediment deposition. - Laterite soil is found on the summits of the Western and Eastern Ghats and is unsuitable for agriculture due to high acidity and low moisture retention. - Regur soil is fine-textured, clayey, and moisture retentive

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7K views3 pages

Geography Worksheet Class 10 Soils

The document provides information about different types of soils found in India including their characteristics and formation. It discusses soils such as black soil, alluvial soil, red soil, laterite soil, and regur soil. Key points include: - Black soil is found near Godavari river valley and is formed by weathering of basalt rock. Alluvial soil is found near Yamuna river valley and is formed by sediment deposition. - Laterite soil is found on the summits of the Western and Eastern Ghats and is unsuitable for agriculture due to high acidity and low moisture retention. - Regur soil is fine-textured, clayey, and moisture retentive

Uploaded by

Jayapal Hari
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE HYDERABAD PUBLIC SCHOOL, BEGUMPET

GeographWorksheet 2016 -17


Soils in India
CLASS: 10
1. Why is the soil in the valley of the river Godavari different from that found in the valley of the river
Yamuna?
Ans. Soil found near the valley of river Godavari is black soil. It is transported soil. Soil found near valley
of river Yamuna is alluvial soil. Black soil is found due to disintegration of basalt. It is volcanic in origin.
It is formed in the place where it is found (in situ) where as alluvial soils are formed by the denudation of
different types of rocks and the deposition of sediments by rivers.

2. Briefly give the characteristics of Red soil.


Ans. The characteristics of Red Soil: a) it is red in colour due to the higher concentration of iron in it. b)
These soils are deficient in nitrogen, lime, phosphoric acid and humus. c) They contain soluble salts.
Sandy, porous & friable. Not retentive of moisture. It is not fertile but responds to fertilisers.

3. Name the type of soil found in the summits of the Eastern Ghats.
Ans. Laterite soil is the soil found in the summits of Eastern Ghats.

4. What are the chief characteristics of regur soil?


Ans. The chief characteristics of regur soil are: (a) the soil’s colour varies from black to chestnut brown.
(b) They are fine textured & clayey. (c) They are rich in iron, potash, lime, calcium and magnesium. (d)
They are moisture retentive and very sticky when wet, but, when dry, harden and form deep cracks which
help in air circulation.

5. Name one area where laterite soil is found in large scale.


Ans. Laterite soils are found in parts of Kerala, Goa, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh on the
summits of Western and Eastern Ghats.

6. Why is laterite soil unsuitable for agriculture?


Ans. It is generally unsuitable for agriculture due to high content of acidity and inability to retain
moisture. It is poor in nitrogen and lime. It lacks minerals due to leaching.

7. (i) Which soil do you associate with Deccan trap?


(ii)State one advantage of this soil.
Ans. (i) the soil associated with Deccan trap is black soil/regur soil.
(ii)One advantage of this soil is that it is fine grained and retains moisture. During dry season big cracks
develop which help in air circulation.

8. What is laterite soil?


Ans. Laterite soils are those formed under alternating wet and dry spells. They are composed of hydrated
oxides and aluminium and iron. They are poor in nitrogen, potash, lime. They are low in fertility but
respond favourably to manuring and leaching of soil of its nutrients.

9. What type of soil is widely distributed over the Gangetic plain?


Ans. The alluvial soil is widely distributed over the Gangetic plain.

10. Which is the widest spread transported soil in India?


Ans. The most widespread transported soil of India is the alluvial soil.

11. Which soil is suitable for growing coffee in Karnataka?


Ans. The soil found suitable for growing coffee in Karnataka is laterite soil.
12. State two methods of soil conservation. Explain in one sentence.
Ans. Contour bunding/Planting more trees/controlled grazing (any 2)

13. With reference to red soil in India.


(i) Name two states where it is found.
(ii) State two disadvantages of this soil.
Ans. (i) It is found in Tamil Nadu/Karnataka/Orissa/AP/MP/Goa (any 2)
(ii)Disadvantages of this soil are: a) It is poor in nitrogen, humus, lime, phosphorus b) Not moisture
retentive.

14. Name the soil known for its self ploughing quality and capacity to hold moisture. Name one cash crop
for which it is most suited.
Ans. The soil known for its self ploughing quality is black soil. The cash crop that grows best in this soil is
cotton/sugarcane.

15. State two main differences between red soil and alluvial soil.
Ans. The two main differences between red soil and alluvial soil are:
(i) Alluvial soil is a transported soil and red soil is residual.
(ii) Alluvial soil is highly moisture retentive while red soil is not.

16. How is regur soil formed? Mention four important properties of this soil.
Ans. Regur soil is formed due to denudation of lava rock.
Its four important properties are:
(i) It is self ploughing.
(ii) It is deep and fine grained.
(iii) It is dark in colour.
(iv) It is rich in lime, iron and potash.

17. Differentiate between sheet erosion and gully erosion.


Ans. When top soil gets eroded from very large areas due to fast flowing rivers, it is called sheet erosion.
Gully erosion occurs when running water etches out deep rivers creating badland topography in an
otherwise normal landscape.

18. State two differences between black soil and alluvial soil.
Ans. Black soil: residual, formed by denudation of lava rocks, contains iron, lime, potash, and magnesium,
deficient in phosphorus and organic matter or humus, retentive of moisture, sticky when wet cracks are
developed during dry season.
Alluvial soil: formed by sediments riverine alluvium is rich in potash and lime, transported soil, deficient
in nitrogen, phosphoric acid and humus.

19. Mention two ways by which soil can get nitrogen.


Ans. By growing legumes, by crop rotation, cover crops, by adding nitrogenous fertilizer or by adding
manure.

20. How is red soil formed? State two reasons for the low productivity of red soil.
Ans. Red soil is formed by weathering of crystalline rocks. Reasons for low productivity are: (a) Deficient
in nitrogen and phosphoric acid (b) Poor in humus and organic matter (c) Coarse texture soil (d) Non
retentive of water.

21. Explain the need for soil conservation in India.


Ans. A rich soil in plant food is the chief requirement for agriculture. It is essential for plants. Agriculture
production basically depends on the fertility of the soil, leads to lowering of water table & extension of
desert. It takes long time to form an inch of soil.

22. Distinguish between Khadar and Bhangar soil.


Ans. (i) Khadar: (a) It is loamy and porous in nature. (b) It is more fertile due to deposition of new
alluvium each year. (c) Soft in texture.
(ii)Bhangar: (a) It is clayey and non-porous in nature & made up of lime nodules or kankar. (c) It is less
fertile. (d) It is formed due to old alluvium deposit. It is coarse in texture. (Any three corresponding
points).
23. Define:
Ans. (i) Leaching: Washing down of nutrients from top soil. Nutrients get percolated down below the soil
due to alternate wet & dry period.
(ii) Paedogenesis: It is the process of formation of soil.
(iii) In situ/residual: They are formed in their original place by breaking up of parent rocks. They include
black soil, red soil, laterite soil, desert soil.
(iv)Transported soil: Soils that are transported by various agents like rivers and winds. E.g.: Alluvial soil.

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