Analysis of Internal Forces
Analysis of Internal Forces
Consider a body of any arbitrary shape acted upon different forces, in order to investigate we
will take an exploratory section A-A through the loaded member.
Here we consider cases only involving static equilibrium, now to show the components of
internal effects on section A-A
The origin of the reference axis is always taken at the centroid which is the key reference
point of selection, now looking at the notation used here the first subscript denotes the face
on which the component of force acts while the second subscript indicates the direction of
particular component of force thus is the force on x face acting in the y direction.
Torque when a member is subjected to twisting it shows some resistance this resistance
is actually torque represented by T, it is also a component of internal effects and it is caused
by axial forces either tension or compression
Bending twisting
Conclusions:
A maximum of six internal effects can act on a cross-section
Shearing force cause deformation in shape
Axial force can change the dimensions of cross-section i.e. in tension it becomes
lengthen while in compression it shortens
Bending moments is associated with shearing forces while torque or twisting is
associated with axial forces