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Chapter 2

The document discusses modeling, analysis, and design of a G+12 commercial building using ETABS and STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of the key modeling and analysis features of ETABS, including its ability to model area, line and point objects to represent physical building components. It also describes its static, dynamic, and nonlinear analysis capabilities. For STAAD Pro, it outlines its flexible modeling environment and ability to support various international design codes. It then details the specific 13 step process used to analyze and design the G+12 building in STAAD Pro, including modeling, assigning loads and properties, performing analysis, and concrete design. Finally, it lists the 10 step process followed

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raja
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© © All Rights Reserved
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40 views

Chapter 2

The document discusses modeling, analysis, and design of a G+12 commercial building using ETABS and STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of the key modeling and analysis features of ETABS, including its ability to model area, line and point objects to represent physical building components. It also describes its static, dynamic, and nonlinear analysis capabilities. For STAAD Pro, it outlines its flexible modeling environment and ability to support various international design codes. It then details the specific 13 step process used to analyze and design the G+12 building in STAAD Pro, including modeling, assigning loads and properties, performing analysis, and concrete design. Finally, it lists the 10 step process followed

Uploaded by

raja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

The Comparative Study on Analysis Results of Multi-Storeyed Commercial Building

(G+12) by STAAD.Pro and ETABS

CHAPTER-2

INTRODUCTION TO ETABS AND STAAD Pro


2.1 ETABS:
ETABS is sophisticated software for analysis and design program developed specifically
for buildings systems. ETABS version-2013.1.5 features an in intuitive and powerful
graphical interface coupled with unmatched modeling, analytical, and design procedures,
all integrated using common database. Although quick and easy for simple structures,
ETABS can also handle the largest and most complex building models, including a wide
range of nonlinear behaviors, making it the tool of choice for structural engineers in the
building industry.
2.1.1MODELING FEATURES
The ETABS building is idealized as an assemblage of area, line and point objects. Those
objects are used to represent wall, floor, column, beam, brace and link / spring physical
members. The basic frame geometry is defined with reference to a simple three-
dimensional grid system. With relatively simple modeling techniques, very complex
framing situations may be considered.

The building may be unsymmetrical and non-regulator in plan, Torsional behavior of the
floors and understory compatibility of the floors are accurately reflected in the results. The
solution enforces complete three-dimensional displacement compatibility, making it
possible to capture tubular effects associated with the behavior of tall structures having
relatively closely spaced columns.

Semi-rigid floor diaphragms may be modeled to capture the effects of in plane floor
deformations. Floor objective may span between adjacent levels to create sloped floors
(ramps), which can be useful for modeling parking garage structures.

2.1.2 ANALYSIS FEATURES

Static analysis for user specified vertical and lateral floor on story loads are possible. If
floor elements with plate bending capability are modeled, vertical uniform loads on the
floor are transferred to the beams and columns through bending of the floor elements.

Dept. of Civil Engg. CESM Page 12


The Comparative Study on Analysis Results of Multi-Storeyed Commercial Building
(G+12) by STAAD.Pro and ETABS

The program can automatically generate lateral wind and seismic load patterns to meet the
requirements of various building codes. Three dimensional mode shapes and frequencies,
model participation factors, direction factors and participating mass percentage are
evaluated using Eigen vector or Ritz-vector analysis-Delta analysis effects may be
included with static or dynamic analysis.

Response spectrum analysis, linear time history analysis, nonlinear analysis and static
nonlinear analysis are possible. The static nonlinear capabilities also allow you to perform
incremental construction analysis, so that forces that arise as a result of construction
sequence are included. Results from the various static load cases may be combined with
each other or with the results from the dynamic response dynamic response spectrum or
time history method.

Output may be viewed graphically, displayed in tabular output, the types of output include
reactions, member forces, mode shapes, participation factors, static and dynamic story
displacements and story shears inter story drifts and joint displacements, time history traces
and more.

Dept. of Civil Engg. CESM Page 13


The Comparative Study on Analysis Results of Multi-Storeyed Commercial Building
(G+12) by STAAD.Pro and ETABS

2.2 STAAD Pro


STAAD.Pro allows structural engineers to analyze and design virtually any type of structure
through its flexible modeling environment, advanced features and fluent data collaboration.
Flexible modeling is provided by a state-of-the-art graphical environment and the design
supports over 70 international codes and over 20 U.S. codes in 7 languages.
An array of advanced structural analysis and design features are included such as time history
and push over analysis and cable (linear and non-linear) analysis.
Efficiencies are gained through the ability to maintain and streamline current workflows with
fluent data collaboration. STAAD.Pro integrates with other Bentley products such as
STAAD.foundation and ProSteel and OpenSTAAD is provided for integration with third
party programs. Increased client base and therefore business growth can be realized in using
STAAD.Pro to serve a broad spectrum of structural design projects and a global market.

Staad is powerful design software licensed by Bentley .Staad stands for structural analysis and
design Any object which is stable under a given loading can be considered as structure. So
first find the outline of the structure, where as analysis is the estimation of what are the type of
loads that acts on the beam and calculation of shear force and bending moment comes under
analysis stage. Design phase is designing the type of materials and its dimensions to resist the
load. This we do after the analysis.
To calculate s.f.d and b.m.d of a complex loading beam it takes about an hour. So when it
comes into the building with several members it will take a week. Staad pro is a very powerful
tool which does this job in just an hours staad is a best alternative for high rise buildings.
Now a days most of the high rise buildings are designed by staad which makes a compulsion
for a civil engineer to know about this software.
This software can be used to carry rcc, steel, bridge, truss etc according to various country
codes.
Alternatives for staad:
Struts, robot, sap, adds pro which gives details very clearly regarding reinforcement and
manual calculations. But these softwares are restricted to some designs only where as staad
can deal with several types of structure.
Staad Editor:

Dept. of Civil Engg. CESM Page 14


The Comparative Study on Analysis Results of Multi-Storeyed Commercial Building
(G+12) by STAAD.Pro and ETABS

Staad has very great advantage to other softwares i.e., staad editor. Staad editor is the
programming for the structure we created and loads we taken all details are presented in
programming format in staad editor. This program can be used to analyze another structure
also by just making some modifications, but this require some programming skills.
So load cases created for a structure can be used for another structure using staad editor.
Limitations of Staad pro:
1. Huge output data
2. Even analysis of a small beam creates large output.

Dept. of Civil Engg. CESM Page 15


The Comparative Study on Analysis Results of Multi-Storeyed Commercial Building
(G+12) by STAAD.Pro and ETABS

2.3 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF G + 12 BUILDING USING STAAD. Pro


Step - 1 : Creation of nodal points.
Based on the column positioning of plan we entered the node points into the
STAAD file
Step - 2 : Representation of beams and columns.
By using add beam command we had drawn the beams and columns between the
corresponding node points.
Step - 3: 3D view of structure.
Here we have used the Transitional repeat command in Y direction to get the 3D view of
structure.
Step - 4: Supports and property assigning.
After the creation of structure the supports at the base of structure are specified as
fixed. Also the materials were specified and cross section of beams and columns members
was assigned.
Step - 5: 3D rendering view.
After assigning the property the 3d rendering view of the structure can be shown
Step - 6: Assigning of seismic loads.
In order to assign Seismic loads firstly we have defined the seismic loads according to
the code IS 1893:2002 with proper floor weights. Loads are added in load case details in
+X,-X, +Z,-Z directions with specified seismic factor.
Step - 7: Assigning of wind loads.
Wind loads are defined as per IS 875 PART 3 based on intensity calculated and exposure
factor. Then loads are added in load case details in +X,-X, +Z,-Z directions.
Step - 8: Assigning of dead loads.
Dead loads are calculated as per IS 875 PART 1 for external walls, internal walls,
parapet wall including self-weight of structure.
Step - 9: Assigning of live loads.

Live loads are assigned for every floor as 4 kN/m2 based on IS 875 PART 2.
Step - 10: Adding of load combinations.
After assigning all the loads, the load combinations are given with suitable factor of safety
as per IS 875 PART 5.
Dept. of Civil Engg. CESM Page 16
The Comparative Study on Analysis Results of Multi-Storeyed Commercial Building
(G+12) by STAAD.Pro and ETABS

Step - 11: Analysis.


After the completion of all the above steps we have performed the analysis and
checked for errors.
Step - 12: Design.
Finally concrete design is performed as per IS 456: 2000 by defining suitable design
commands for
different structural components. After the assigning of commands again we performed
analysis for any errors.

Dept. of Civil Engg. CESM Page 17


The Comparative Study on Analysis Results of Multi-Storeyed Commercial Building
(G+12) by STAAD.Pro and ETABS

2.4 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF G + 12 BUILDING USING ETABS


Step - 1: Step by Step procedure for ETABS Analysis
The procedure carried out for Modeling and analyzing the structure involves the
following flow chart.
Step - 2: Creation of Grid points & Generation of structure
After getting opened with ETABS we select a new model and a window appears where we
had entered
the grid dimensions and story dimensions of our building. Here itself we had generated our
3D structure by specifying the building details in the following window.
Step - 3: Defining of property
Here we had first defined the material property by selecting define menu material
properties. We add
new material for our structural components (beams, columns, slabs) by giving the specified
details in defining. After that we define section size by selecting frame sections as shown
below & added the required section for beams, columns etc.
Step - 4: Assigning of Property
After defining the property we draw the structural components using command menu
Draw line for
beam for beams and create columns in region for columns by which property assigning is
completed for beams and columns.
Step - 5: Assigning of Supports
By keeping the selection at the base of the structure and selecting all the columns we
assigned supports by going to assign menu joint\frame Restraints (supports) fixed.
Step - 6: Defining of loads
In STAAD program we define only seismic and wind loads whereas in ETABS all the load
considerations are first defined and then assigned. The loads in ETABS are defined as
using static load cases command in define menu
Step - 7: Assigning of Dead loads
After defining all the loads dead loads are assigned for external walls, internal walls.
Step - 8: Assigning of Live loads
Live loads are assigned for the entire structure including floor finishing.
Step - 9: Assigning of wind loads
Dept. of Civil Engg. CESM Page 18
The Comparative Study on Analysis Results of Multi-Storeyed Commercial Building
(G+12) by STAAD.Pro and ETABS

Wind loads are defined and assigned as per IS 875 1987 PART 3 by giving wind speed
and wind angle in X,X1,Z & Z1 directions as 0 , 180 , 90 , 270 respectively
Step - 10: Assigning of Seismic loads
Seismic loads are defined and assigned as per IS 1893: 2002 by giving zone, soil type,
and response reduction factor in X and Y directions
Step - 11: Assigning of load combinations
Load combinations are given as mentioned in STAAD. Pro based on IS 875 1987 PART
5 using load combinations command in define menu
Step - 12: Analysis, after the completion of all the above steps we have performed the
analysis and checked for errors.
Step - 13: Design
After the completion of analysis we had performed concrete design on the structure as per
IS 456:2000. For this go to Design menu concrete design select design combo.
After this again go to design Menu concrete frame design start design \ check of
structure then ETABS performs the design for every structural element.

Dept. of Civil Engg. CESM Page 19

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