GATE-2012

Question Paper
&
Answer Keys
.
GATE-2012

Index
1. Question Paper Analysis
2. Question Paper & Answer keys

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GATE-2012 ECE

ANALYSIS OF GATE 2012

Electronics and Communication Engineering

Engineering
Mathematics
14%
General Aptitude
15%
Electromagnetic
Theory Network Theory
12% 13%

Signals & Systems

9%
Communications
8% Control Systems
Electronic 9%
Analog Circuits
Device and
Circuits 8%
6%

Digital Circuits
6%

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GATE-2012 ECE

GATE-2012- ECE

NO OF Total
SUBJECT Topics Asked in Paper
QUESTION Marks
Probability & distribution
Engineering 1M:4
Calculus, Differential Equations 14
Mathematics 2M:5
Complex Variables
Network Solution Methodology
1M:5
Network Theory RLC Circuit - Transient/Steady State Analysis of 13
2M:4
RLC Circuits to dc Input, Two Port Net works
Fourier Representation of Signals
Z-Transform
1M:3
Signals & Systems Laplace-Transform 9
2M:3
Frequency response of LTI systems
System analog
Stability & Routh Hurwitz Criterion
1M:1 Frequency Response Analysis
Control Systems 9
2M:4 Compensators & Controllers
State Variable Analysis
Diode Circuits Analysis And Application
1M:2 DC Biasing-BJTs
Analog Circuits 8
2M:3 Small Signal Modeling Of BJT and FET
Operational Amplifiers And Its Applications
Boolean algebra & Karnaugh maps
1M:4
Digital Circuits Logic Gates 6
2M:1
Combinational and Sequential digital Circuits
1M:2 Angle modulation
Communications 8
2M:3 Digital communication
Electronic Device 1M:0 Transistor Theory (BJT, FET)
6
and Circuits 2M:3 Basics of Opto electronics
Electromagnetic 1M:4 Electromagnetic fields, EM Wave propagation
12
Theory 2M:4 Transmission Lines, Guided E.M Waves
1M:5 Numerical Ability
General Aptitude 15
2M:5 Verbal Ability
Total 65 100

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GATE-2012 ECE

GATE 2012 Examination

Electronics and Communication Engineering
Q.1 - Q.25 Carry One Mark each.
1. The current i through the base of a silicon npn transistor is os t m . At 300
K, the r in the small signal model of the transistor is
i

r r

(A) 25 (C) 25
(B) 27 5 (D) 22 5
[Ans. C]

2. The power spectral density of a real process X(t) for positive frequencies is shown below.
The values of t and t , respectively, are
Sx 4 - 104)

0 9 10 11 3 rad/s)
(A) 6 /, (C) 64 /, 2 /(2)
(B) 64 /, (D) 6 /, 2 /(2)
[Ans. B]

3. In a baseband communications link, frequencies upto 3500 Hz are used for signaling. Using a
raised cosine pulse with 75% excess bandwidth and for no inter-symbol interference, the
maximum possible signaling rate in symbols per second is
(A) 1750 (C) 4000
(B) 2625 (D) 5250
[Ans. C]

4. A plane wave propagating in air with (8 6 5 ) / m is incident on

perfectly conducting slab positioned at x
0. The field of the reflected wave is
(A) ( 8 6 5 ) /m
(B) ( 8 6 5 ) /m
(C) ( 8 6 5 ) /m
(D) ( 8 6 5 ) /m
[Ans. C]

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GATE-2012 ECE

5. The electric field of a uniform plane electromagnetic wave in free space, along the positive x
direction, is given by ( j ) The frequency and polarization of the wave,
respectively,- are
(A) 1.2 GHz and left circular (C) 1.2 GHz and right circular
(B) 4 Hz and left circular (D) 4 Hz and right circular
[Ans. A]

6. Consider the given circuit

In this circuit, the race around

(A) Does not occur
(B) Occurs when CLK = 0
(C) Occurs when CLK = 1 and A =B =1
(D) Occurs when clk = 1 and A = B = 0
[Ans. A]

7. The output Y of a 2-bit comparator is logic 1 whenever the 2-bit input A is greater than the 2-
bit input B.
The number of combinations for which the output is logic 1, is
(A) 4 (C) 8
(B) 6 (D) 10
[Ans. B]

8. The I-V characteristics of the diode in the circuit given below are
v 7
i { 5 , v 7
, v 7
k

The current in the circuit is

(A) 10 mA (C) 6.67 mA
(B) 9.3 mA (D) 6.2 mA
[Ans. D]

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GATE-2012 ECE

9. In the following figure, C1 and C2 are ideal capacitors. has been charged to 12 V before the
ideal switch S is closed at t = 0. The current i(t) for all t is.
t

i t

(A) Zero (C) an exponentially decaying function

(B) a step function (D) an impulse function
[Ans. D]

10. The average power delivered to an impedance (4 j3) by a current

5cos (100 t+100) A is
(A) 44.2 W (C) 62.5 W
(B) 50 W (D) 125 W
[Ans. B]

11. The unilateral Laplace transform of f(t) is . The unilateral Laplace transform of t f(t) is
(A) (C)
(B) (D)
[Ans. D]

12. With initial condition x(1) = 0.5, the solution of the differential equation, t x t is
(A) x t (C) xt
(B) x t (D) x
[Ans. C]

13. The diodes and capacitors in the circuit shown are ideal. The voltage v(t) across the diode is
t

os t
~

(A) os t 1 (C) 1 os t
(B) sin t (D) 1 sin t
[Ans. A]

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GATE-2012 ECE

14. In the circuit shown

5 Volts

A
C

B
Y

A B

(A) (C)
(B) (D)
[Ans. A]

15. A source alphabet consists of N symbols with the probability of the first two symbols being the
same. A source encoder increases the probability of the first symbol by sm ll mount n
r s s th t of th s on by ft r n o ing, th ntropy of th sour
(A) Increases (C) Increases only if N = 2
(B) Remains the same (D) Decreases
[Ans. D]

16. A coaxial cable with an inner diameter of 1 mm and outer diameter of 2.4 mm is filled with a
dielectric of relative permittivity 10.89.
Given
4 m , m, the characteristic impedance of the cable is
(A) 33 (C) 43 3
(B) (D) 43 4
[Ans. *] Not Matching for IIT Key

17. The radiation pattern of an antenna in spherical co-ordinates is given by

os4; /2
The directivity of the antenna is
(A) 10 dB (C) 11.5 dB
(B) 12.6 dB (D) 18 dB
[Ans. A]

18. If x n 3 | | 2 u n , then the region of convergence (ROC) of its Z-transform in the

Z-plane will be
| | 3 | | 3
3 2
| | | |
3 2 3
[Ans. C]

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GATE-2012 ECE

19. In the sum of products function f , , , 2,3,4,5 , the prime implicants are
(A) , (C) , ,
(B) , , (D) , , ,
[Ans. A]

20. A system with transfer function

s 9 s 2
s
s s 3 s 4
is excited by sin t . The steady-state output of the system is zero at
(A) r /s (C) 3 r /s
(B) 2 r /s (D) 4 r /s
[Ans. A]

21. The impedance looking into nodes 1 and 2 in the given circuit is
i

k 99i

9k

(A) 50 (C) 5 k
(B) 100 (D) 10.1 k
[Ans. A]

22. In the circuit shown below, the current through the inductor is

~ ~
j

2
j j
(D) 0 A
j
[Ans. ]

23. Given f (z) . If C is a counterclockwise path in the z plane such that |z+1| =1, the
value of f z z is
(A) 2 (C)
(B) (D) 2
[Ans. C]

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GATE-2012 ECE

24. Two independent random variables X and Y are uniformly distributed in the interval , .
The probability that max , is less than 1/2 is
(A) 3/4 (C) 1/4
(B) 9/16 (D) 2/3
[Ans. B]

25. If x = , then the value of x is

(C) x
(A)
(B) (D) 1
[Ans. A]

Q.26 - Q.55 Carry Two Mark each.

26. The source of a silicon (ni = 1010per cm3) n-channel MOS transistor has an area of
sq m n pth of m If th op nt nsity in th sour is 19/cm3 , the number of
holes in the source region with the above volume is approximately
(A) 107 (C) 10
(B) 100 (D) 0
[Ans. D]

27. A BPSK scheme operating over an AWGN channel with noise power spectral density of N0/2,

uses equiprobable signals s t sin t n

s t sin t
over the symbol interval, (0, T). If the local oscillator in a coherent receiver is ahead in phase
by 45 with respect to the received signal, the probability of error in the resulting system is
(A) ( ) (C) ( )

(B) ( ) (D) ( )
[Ans. B]

28. A transmission line with a characteristic impedance of 100 is used to match a 50 section to
a 200 section. If the matching is to be done both at 429 MHz and 1 GHz, the length of the
transmission line can be approximately
(A) 82.5 cm (C) 1.85 m
(B) 1.58m (D) 1.75 m
[Ans. B]

29. The input x(t) and output y(t) of a system are related as y(t) = x os 3 The system is
(A) time-invariant and stable (C) time-invariant and not stable
(B) stable and not time-invariant (D) not time-invariant and not stable
[Ans. D]

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GATE-2012 ECE

30. The Feedback system shown below oscillates at 2 rad/s when

s s
s
s s 2s

(A) K=2 and a=0.75 (C) K=4 and a=0. 5

(B) K=3 and a=0.75 (D) K=2 and a=0.5
[Ans. A]

31. The Fourier transform of a signal h(t) is j 2 os sin 2 /. The value of h(0) is
(A) 1/4 (C) 1
(B) 1/2 (D) 2
[Ans. C]

32. The state variable description of an LTI system is given by

x x
[x ] [ ] [x ] [ ] u
x x
x
y [x ]
x
Where y is the output and u is the input. The system is controllable for
(A) a1 , 2 =0, a3 (C) a1=0, a2 , 3 =0
(B) a1 =0, a2 , 3 (D) a1 , 2 , 3 =0
[Ans. D]

33. Assuming both the voltage sources are in phase the value of R for which maximum power is
transferred from circuit A to circuit B is
2

j
~ ~ 3

ir uit ir uit

(A) 8 (C) 2
(B) 4 (D) 2 8
[Ans. A]

34. Consider the differential equation

y t y t
2 y t t with
t t
y
y t | 2 n |
t
The numerical value of | is
(A) 2 (C)
(B) (D)
[Ans. D]

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GATE-2012 ECE

35. The direction of vector A is radially outward from the origin, with | | r where
r x y z and K is constant. The value of n for which
. A = 0 is
(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 0
[Ans. A]

36. A fair coin is tossed till a head appears for the first time probability that the number of
required tosses is odd , is
(A) 1/3 (B) 1/2 (C) 2/3 (D) 3/4
[Ans. C]

37. In the CMOS circuit shown, electron and hole mobilities are equal, and M1 and M2 are equally
sized. The device M1 is in the linear region if
5

| |

(A) 875 (C) 3 25

(B) 875 3 25 (D) 5
[Ans. A]

38. A binary symmetric channel (BSC) has a transition probability of 1/8. If the binary transmit
symbol X is such that
P(X = 0) = 9/10, then the probability of error for an optimum receiver will be
(A) 7/80 (C) 9/10
(B) 63/80 (D) 1/10
[Ans. D]

39. The signal m(t) as shown is applied both to a phase modulator (with kP as the phase constant)
and a frequency modulator (with kf as the frequency constant) having the same carrier
frequency.

2 0 2 4 6 8 t(seconds)

The ratio k /k (in rad/Hz) for the same maximum phase deviation is
(A) 8 (C) 2
(B) 4 (D)
[Ans. B]

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GATE-2012 ECE

40. The magnetic field along the propagation direction inside a rectangular waveguide with the
cross-section shown in the figure is
3 os 2 94 x os 2 6 8
y os 6 283 t z
y

1.2 cm

3 cm x

The phase velocity vp of the wave inside the waveguide satisfies

(A) vp> c (C) 0<vp< c
(B) vp= c (D) vp= 0
[Ans. D]

41. The circuit shown is a

5
utput
Intput

ow p ss filt r with f r /s

igh p ss filt r with f r /s

ow p ss filt r with f r /s

igh p ss filt r with f r /s

[Ans. B]

42. Let y[n] denote the convolution of h[n] and g[n], where h[n]= (1/2)n u[n] and g[n] is causal
sequence. If y[0]=1 and y[1]=1/2, then g[1] equals
(A) 0 (C) 1
(B) 1/2 (D) 3/2
[Ans. A]

43. The state transition diagram for the logic circuit shown is

2
x

x
l t

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GATE-2012 ECE

[Ans. D]

44. The voltage gain of the circuit shown below is

3 7volts

2k

~ k

(A) | | 2 (C) | | 2
(B) | | (D) | |
[Ans. D]

45. If VA VB =6 V, then VC VD is
2

5 2

(A) 5 V (C) 3 V
(B) 2 V (D) 6 V
[Ans. A]

46. The maximum value of

f x x 9x 24x 5 in the interval [1,6] is
(A) 21 (C) 41
(B) 25 (D) 46
[Ans. C]

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GATE-2012 ECE

5 3
47. Given that A = [ ] and I = [ ] , the value of A3 is
2
(A) 15 A + 12 I (C) 17 A + 15 I
(B) 19A + 30 (D) 17A +21
[Ans. B]

Common Data for Questions 48 and 48

With 10 V dc connected at port A in the linear nonreciprocal two-port network shown below, the
following were observed:
(i) 1 connected at port B draws a current of 3 A
(ii) 2.5 connected at port B draws a current of 2 A

48. With 10 V dc connected at port A, the current drawn by 7 connected at port B is

(A) 3/7 A (C) 1 A
(B) 5/7 A (D) 9/7 A
[Ans. C]

49. For the same network, with 6 V dc connected at port A, 1 connected at port B draws 7/3 A. If
8 V dc is connected to port A, the open circuit voltage at port B is
(A) 6 V (C) 8 V
(B) 7 V (D) 9 V
[Ans. B]

Common Data for Questions 50 and 51

In the three dimensional view of a silicon n-channel MOS transistor shown below, = 20 nm.
Th tr nsistor is of wi th m Th pl tion wi th form t v ry p-n junction, is 10nm.
The relative permittivities of Si and Si02, respectively, are11.7 and 3.9, n 0 = 8 9
F/m.
m

nm m

2 m 2 m

2 m p substr t 2 m

50. The gate-source overlap capacitance is approximately

(A) 0.7 fF (C) 0.35 fF
(B) 0.7 pF (D) 0.24 pF
[Ans. A]

51. The source-body junction capacitance is approximately

(A) 2 fF (C) 2 pF
(B) 7 fF (D) 7 pF
[Ans. A]
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GATE-2012 ECE

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 52 and 53

An infinitely long uniform solid wire of radius a carries a uniform dc current of density .
52. The magnetic field at a distance r from the center of the wire is proportional to
(A) r for r < a and 1/r2 for r > a (C) r for r < a and 1/r for r > a
(B) 0 for r < a and 1/r for r > a (D) 0 for r < a and 1/r2 for r > a
[Ans. C]

53. A hole of radius b (b < a) is now drilled along the length of the wire at a distance d from the
center of the wire as shown below.

The magnetic field inside the hole is

(A) uniform and depends only on d (C) uniform and depends on both b and d
(B) uniform and depends only on b (D) non uniform
[Ans. C]

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 54 and 55

The transfer function of a compensator is given as
s
s
s b
54. s is a lead compensator if
(A) ,b 2 (C) 3, b
(B) 3, b 2 (D) 3, b
[Ans. A]

55. The phase of the above lead compensator is maximum at

(A) 2 r /s (C) 6r /s
(B) 3r /s (D) /3r /s
[Ans. A]

General Aptitude One Marks Question Q. 56 to Q. 60

56. One of the parts (A, B, C, D) in the sentence given below contains an ERROR. Which one of the
following is INCORRECT?
I requested that he should be given the driving test today instead of tomorrow
(A) Requested that (C) The driving test
(B) Should be given (D) Instead of-tomorrow
[Ans. B]

57. If 3 52 and 7 85, then

(E) 2.23 (G) 11.37
(F) 4.33 (H) 27.64
[Ans. D]

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GATE-2012 ECE

58. Choose the most appropriate alternative from the options given below to complete the
following sentence:
If the tired soldier wanted to lie down, he _________ the mattress out on the balcony.
(A) Should take (C) Should have taken
(B) Shall take (D) Will have taken
[Ans. A]

59. Choose the most appropriate word from the options given below to complete the following
sentence:
Given the seriousness of the situation that he had to face, his _____ was impressive.
(A) beggary (C) jealousy
(B) nomenclature (D) nonchalance
[Ans. D]

60. Which one of the following options is the closest in meaning to the word given below?
Latitude
(A) Eligibility (C) Coercion
(B) Freedom (D) Meticulousness
[Ans. B]

General Aptitude Two Marks Question Q. 61 to Q. 65

61. A and B are friends. They decide to meet between 1 PM and 2 PM on a given day. There is a
condition that whoever arrives first will not wait for the other for more than 15 minutes. The
probability that they will meet on that day is
(A) 1/4 (C) 7/16
(B) 1/16 (D) 9/16
[Ans. A]

62. One of the legacies of the Roman legions was discipline. In the legions, military law prevailed
and discipline was brutal. Discipline on the battlefield kept units obedient, intact and fighting
even when the odds and conditions were against them.
Which one of the following statements best sums up the meaning of the above passage?
(A) Thorough regimentation was the main reason for the efficiency of the Roman legions even
in adverse circumstances
(B) The legions were treated inhumanly as if the men were animals
(C) Discipline was the armies' inheritance from their seniors
(D) The harsh discipline to which the legions were subjected to led to the odds and conditions
b ing g inst th m
[Ans. A]

63. Raju has 14 currency notes in his pocket consisting of only 20 notes and 10 notes. The
total money value of the notes is 230. The number of 10 notes that Raju has is
(A) 5 (C) 9
(B) 6 (D) 10
[Ans. A]

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GATE-2012 ECE

64. There are eight bags of rice looking alike, seven of which have equal weight and one is slightly
heavier. The weighing balance is of unlimited capacity. Using this balance, the minimum
numb r of w ighings r quir to i ntify th h vi r b g is
(A) 2 (C) 4
(B) 3 (D) 8
[Ans. A]

65. The data given in the following table summarizes the monthly budget of an average household.
Category Amount ()
Food 4000
Clothing 1200
Rent 2000
Savings 1500
Other expenses 1800
The approximate percentage of the monthly budget NOT spent on savings is
(A) 10% (C) 81%
(B) 14% (D) 86%
[Ans. D]

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