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Question 8: Discuss The Difference Between Static RAM and Dynamic RAM

Static RAM uses more transistors than Dynamic RAM, is faster but uses more power. It has lower storage capacity and is more expensive. Data is stored in flip-flops. Dynamic RAM uses less power, is slower but has higher storage capacity and is cheaper. Data is stored as electrical charges in capacitors. Static RAM does not support refreshing while Dynamic RAM can be refreshed to prevent data loss. There are four main memory addressing modes: immediate, register, memory, and I/O port. Immediate uses data stored with the instruction. Register uses data in CPU registers. Memory addressing accesses data at specific memory locations using offsets, base registers, index registers, and displacements. I/O port addressing accesses

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35 views

Question 8: Discuss The Difference Between Static RAM and Dynamic RAM

Static RAM uses more transistors than Dynamic RAM, is faster but uses more power. It has lower storage capacity and is more expensive. Data is stored in flip-flops. Dynamic RAM uses less power, is slower but has higher storage capacity and is cheaper. Data is stored as electrical charges in capacitors. Static RAM does not support refreshing while Dynamic RAM can be refreshed to prevent data loss. There are four main memory addressing modes: immediate, register, memory, and I/O port. Immediate uses data stored with the instruction. Register uses data in CPU registers. Memory addressing accesses data at specific memory locations using offsets, base registers, index registers, and displacements. I/O port addressing accesses

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mnenrjekgk
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Question 8: Discuss the difference between Static RAM and Dynamic RAM

Static RAM Dynamic RAM

Structurally, six to eight MOS transistors are The structure varies for Dynamic RAM due to
necessary for a Static RAM. transistor and capacitor number and just three to four
transistors are required.

Static RAM is more power-hungry hence Dynamic RAM consumes less power
consumes more power

Static RAM is faster hence takes lesser time to Dynamic RAM takes more time to access data or
access data or information information

Static RAM has low storage capacity Dynamic RAM has higher storage capacity(around 4
times than Static RAM)

Static RAM is more expensive than Dynamic Dynamic RAM is cheaper and more cost-effective
RAM

Data is stored in flip flop level in Static RAM. Data is stored as a charge in a capacitor in Dynamic
RAM

In Static RAM it is not possible to refresh Dynamic RAM memory can be cleared or deleted and
programs(it does not support refreshing refreshed while running a program.

Static RAM is used to create a speed- sensitive Dynamic RAM is used to create larger a RAM space
cache or system system

Static RAM possesses more space in the chip Dynamic RAM possesses less space in the chip

Discuss the various types of memory addressing modes

An operand is the part of a computer instruction that specifies data that is to be operated on.An
instruction acts on zero or more operands. The way an instruction accesses its
operands is called its Addressing modes.

We can classify the different addressing modes into four groups:


1.) Immediate addressing mode
2.) Register addressing mode
3.) Memory addressing mode
4.) I/O port addressing mode

a) Immediate addressing mode


In this addressing mode, the operand is stored as part of the instruction. The immediate
operand, which is stored along with the instruction, resides in the code segment -- not in
the data segment. This addressing mode is also faster to execute an instruction because
the operand is read with the instruction from memory

b) Register addressing mode


In this addressing mode, the operands may be:
reg16 i.e. 16-bit general registers , reg8 i.e. 8-bit general registers and Sreg i.e. segment
registers such as CS, DS, ES, or SS. There is an exception, CS cannot be a
destination.
For register addressing modes, there is no need to work out the effective address. The
operand is in a register and to get the operand there is no memory access involved.

c) Memory addressing mode


Memory (RAM) is the main component of a computer to store temporary data and
machine instructions. In a program, programmers many times need to read from and
write into memory locations. The Memory Addressing mode facilitates this by specifying exactly
the memory location we want to by giving the label of the desired memory variable.

There are different forms of memory addressing modes


1. Direct Addressing
2. Register indirect addressing
3. Based addressing
4. Indexed addressing
5. Based indexed addressing
6. Based indexed with displacement

1. Direct Addressing

Example; The instruction mov al,ds:[8088h] loads the AL register with a copy of the byte at
memory location 8088h. Likewise, the instruction mov ds:[1234h],dl stores the value in
the dl register to memory location 1234h. By default, all displacement-only values
provide offsets into the data segment. To provide an offset into a different
segment, you must use a segment override prefix before your address. For example, to
access location 1234h in the extra segment (es) you would use an instruction of the form
mov ax,es:[1234h]. Likewise, to access this location in the code segment you would use
the instruction mov ax, cs:[1234h].

2. Register indirect addressing


The 80x86 CPUs let you access memory indirectly through a register using the register
indirect addressing modes. There are four forms of this addressing mode on the 8086 i.e.
mov al, [bx]
mov al, [bp]
mov al, [si]
mov al, [di]

3. Based Indexed Addressing Modes


i.e. Based addressing, Indexed addressing and Based indexed addressing
The based indexed addressing modes are simply combinations of the register indirect
addressing modes. These addressing modes form the offset by adding together a base
register (bx or bp) and an index register (si or di). The allowable forms for these
addressing modes are
mov al, [bx+si]
mov al, [bx+di]
mov al, [bp+si]
mov al, [bp+di]
4. Based Indexed Plus Displacement Addressing Mode
These addressing modes are a slight modification of the base/indexed addressing
modes with the addition of an eight bit or sixteen bit constant. The following are some
examples of these addressing modes
mov al, disp[bx][si]
mov al, disp[bx+di]
mov al, [bp+si+disp]
mov al, [bp][di][disp]

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