1.2 PRESENT FORMS ‘You have been leaming about the rules of present forms all your school life, so you should be quite aware of them. That is why there are no rules included in this book, bat quite a few exercises that might help you revise and thus improve also your speaking skills. To make your ‘work easier I just included a few examples ([ live in a block of flats. She goes to work every day. They always travel to work by car. I don't have any experience. He doesn’t like team work. Where do you come from? When does she get up in the morning? What are you doing? T'm reading these sentences now. It isn't raining outside.) | ‘What do you do? And what are you doing at this moment? I'm a student. I'm doing an ‘exercise at the moment — I'm answering questions. Do you use a computer? Are you using it now? How offen do you use it? ‘When do you work/study long hous? ‘Why do people go back to schoo!? ‘What do you most enjoy about your schoolwork? Is there anything you don't enjoy? English for Mechanical Engineering Do you come from a big family? How many siblings do you have? Do you get on well with them? Do you go on holidays with your family? Where do you usually go? Do you meet a lot of different people? Do you have a lot of money? If so, how do you spend it? Where does your best friend work/study? TL. Complete the dialogue using the verbs in brackets: A: Where (you come) from? Where do you come from? BI (come) from Manchester. A (ou live) in Manchester? B:No.T. (not live) im Manchester. I (ive) in London. A: What (you do)? B: I'm an engineer. I (work) for Ben Johnson & Son Ltd. A: How often (You travel) abroad? B (aot do) it very often. I very seldom go anywhere. IIL Fill in the correct present form: 1 It's 10 o'clock on Monday moming in Atomic Ltd. Jn the Research and development depastment they are having (have) a meeting at the moment. Everybody who is involved in the new project (attend) it, At the moment Bob (present) bis ideas. He has prepared an interesting PowerPoint presentation and while showing it, he (explain) several features ‘They (organise) such meetings every Monday moming. After these meetings, they all (return) 10 their desks where they continue with the tasks. In the production department the foreman (walk) around the production plant and (control) the process. He always _—____(make) sure that things __(not go) wrong, asthat_— (be) usually very costly Outside, at the loading ramp a van is parked. Some workers (load) the truck with the faulty components they received yesterday. They (Send) them back fo the manufacturer.Hello, I am Bob Livingston. I am (be) the Technical and Quality Manager at GBS in Berlin and I (work) ‘within the Materials Testing Division which (nak) equipment ‘used by different companies. They use our equipment fo test different properties of ‘materials, such as strength, durability, softness, resilience and so on. GBS (employ) about 2,800 people and (be)a eading supplier of this type of equipment. T'm responsible for operations which (mean) that I'm in charge of Research & Development and Quality. Tf something (go) wrong. Tm the one who (have) to find a solation and who (provide) answers to the Board. Currently, we (work) with our new clients from Japan. They have just placed a hnge order so we (have) some difficulties fulfilling it, We have called in all workers, also the ones taking a holiday so we can finish the work on schedule. Jonathan Black és (be) an executive recruitment specialist who has tumed to writing, The result is the book “Bosses Speak based on interviews with 30 Chief Executives. Each top manager — none of them very famous ~ is given a chapter and there is also some introductory material and a conclusion. This (mean) you can jump from one person to another which is good for people who (be) too ‘busy to read a book from cover to cover. It aot be) expensive although whether it's good value for money it's doubtful, Some of the interviewees started their own business while others joined a company and worked their way up. Some (be) fairly new in their position while others have had years of experience. However, Jonathan (aot seem) interested in these differences. They work in different area, from retailing to airlines, engineering. construction and software. This variety also (form) ‘the main theme of the boot. Thave to say that Jonathan's approach (annoy) me. He rarely (stay) at a distance from his interviewees, who are mostly presented in theix own, positive words. However, he (seem) to dislike certain interviewees. As a result, I (not know) whether to accept any of his opinions or not. It also means that the bock (give) no clear lessons. At the very least, 1 expected to leam what (make) a successful Chief Executive. But these people seem to share two types of qualities. Some of them are very common, suggesting that anyone can be equally successful, which definitely is not true. And the other qualities are the ones that most successfull bosses I've seen or met definitely (aot have). So in the end, T'm not much wiser what (go) on. Pethaps I'm being unfair. As long as you (aot think) about whether you would Fike them as Gieuds, aud pay uv alleulion lo what they say, the most readable parts are where bosses describe their way to their present position. ‘Nevertheless, Jonathan (Seem) to think that his book would be useful for people who (aim) for the top.TV. Look at these job descriptions and underline the activities people normally do, there are two correct answers: An architect a) works shifts ) negotiates prices and schedules with builders ©) inspects the quality of the construction work. A quality controller 2) visits companies ») inspects samples ©) analyses data and writes reports. A warehouse manager a) inspects new shipments ) checks and controls inventories c) writes and tests new codes An electrical engineer a) designs circuits ) keeps records of inventories 6} inspects and checks wiring and power supplies. A maintenance engineer a) repairs and maintains customers’ machines ) replaces damaged parts ©} produces plans and drawings. V. Conrect these sentences: Engineers has to work closely with production. Engineers have 10 work closely with production. ‘What does they talk about, is it the new project? Does your company produces electronics? Tm thinking this is your design. Do Iright? What does these mechanics do? An engineer is using the computer every day. How offen does you have to work overtime? Engineers usually aren't working in shifts 1.3 EXPRESSING OBLIGATION, ABILITY, ADVICE, PERMISSION ‘You can do all that with the use of modal verbs. We can express strong obligation or prokibition with must — mustn't (Imust go now, I'm very late. You must start exercising if ‘you want to be healthier. You musta’t mix that, it can cause an explosion). Mild obligation is ‘expressed with the comect form of the verb have to (I have to go to a meeting this aftemoon. ‘She has to get up early to get to work on time. Next week they will have to work long hours to falfil all the orders She had fo recharge her mobile this moming as the battery went dead ‘Mike doesn’t have to commute to the factory as he lives five minutes away.). We express ability with can — can't, could — couldn't, be able to (I can speak English but I can’t speak French, When she was only two, she could swim like a fish. When I finish this book, will be able to speak English much better.) Cen, could are besides may, might (which are also used to express possibility) also used for pemnission (Can I use your computer for a while, mine has crashed? Could she attend the meeting? May I borrow your car? I may be able to help you.). To express advice and sometimes criticism should is used (You shoulda’t touch that, it can {ill you! She should go home and stay in bed if she’s ill. If you wanted to pass the test, you should have studied more!)FEEPSS1 Complete these sentences with the correct modal verbs: ‘We will have to go to school by bus as we seem to have car trouble. T'mreally up to my eyes today. I wonder if T call you back tomorrow. €300,000! You be right. It ‘bea mistake. Give me ten minutes. TIT call you back We be able to send you the shipment today. ‘You think twice before making accusations! We all open our eyes and pay more attention to the dangers around us. T'm sony bat | ‘help you anymore. Each member ofa team. do their share of work. Be careful, the floor is Slippery, you slip and break an arm or leg or even ‘worse. Thave a beer, please? If Twant to eam some holiday money. I work overtime. you. go now? Its running late. Tole yon seem ill fo me Think yon. 80 home early today. ‘You ‘use a metal ladder here. You. get killed. It's easy to do that and you spend a lot of money. ‘You leave any machine ranning if there’s no one present. We ‘stay at work all aight yesterday as we had so many urgent orders. IL Two friends are discussing what is allowed to carry on the plane. Complete the dialogue ‘with the missing model verbs: Pete: Can Ibring this laptop on board? Jack: Yes, but P'm afraid you take those scissors with you. Pete: pack this camera in mry suitcase? Jack: No, you. You take it in your hand luggage Pete: Do I eave the knife in my suitcase? Jack: Yes, of course, you casry anything sharp on board of the plane. Pete: What about an umbrella? Jack: You worry about an umbrella. It is allowed to have one in your carry- on luggage. Pete: And finally, what about drinks? Jack: Liquids are only allowed if they are less than 100 ml. You ‘buy something to drink either after you pass the security controls or on the plane. Pete: Thanks so much. You've really been very helpful.4 NUMBERS, SHAPES, DISTANCES & DIMENSIONS After this unit you will know much more about numbers and shapes, distances & dimensions and you will be able to work with them, explain them, draw them and operate with them. You ‘will also be able to use Future forms better and easier. ‘Do you know the difference between the Roman and Arabic numbers, between Cardinal and Ordinal, have any idea how fractions are spoken? Which types of shapes do you know? 4.1 NUMBERS ‘You will be working with numbers all the time, so you need to be aware of them, how we pronounce them individually and mathematical formulas. Let's have a closer look. Cardinal numbers are: 0 zef0 (oh, nought, nil) 315 three hundred and fifteen 1 one 6.155 six thousand one hundred and fifty-five 2 two 2.340901 two million three hundred and forty 10 ten ‘thousand nine hundred and one 100 one (a) undred 1,000 one (a) thousand 1,000,000 one million 1,000,000,000 one billion Ordinal numbers and dates gr the first 1 January the first of January a ‘the second 3 April, the third of April af ‘the third 15" May 2009 the fifteenth of May two oa the fourth ‘thousand and nine 10* ‘the tenth 22 June 1990 the twenty-second of June 20 ‘the twentieth nineteen and ninety 2st ‘the twenty-fifth 31" ‘the thirty-first 1,000,000" the millionth Fractions, decimals and percentages 2% ‘two and a half 3% three and one quarter 25% ‘twenty-five per cent 99% ninety-nine per cent 133 ‘one point thirty-three 6.7895 six point seven eight nine five Arithmetic + addition © 5+4=9 five plus fourequals nine = subtraction 5-4 five minus four equals one X multiplication 5x 4=20 five multiplied by four equals twenty division —.20:4=5 twenty divided by four equals five EE. Read this information about the Colorado River and fill it with the missing smumbers: 900 km, 20 m2, 1935, 4,860 m, 1933, 907 tonnes, 15 m, 23 m2, 2,253 km, 229.359 m3, 5,500 m3Picture 3: Colorado River Source: www. sustainabilityninja com The Colorado River is 2.253 fon long. When they were building the Hoover dam, they rerouted the river through tunnels. The tunnels had a total length of, and they were over ‘in diameter. They were lined with of concrete. The tunnels could cary over of water per second They started laying the concrete in June and finished in May The dam was built in blocks that varied in size from about at the bottom to about at ‘the top. To set the concrete. they laid more than_ steel pipe in the concrete and pumped icy water through it. The water came through a reftigeration plant that could ‘produce of ice a day. IL Write down these numbers or dates and fractions: 1,000,000,000 one Billion 21" May 35% 8237 654 V3 $4,320 9.369 4.6 g ‘Three minus three plus sixteen divided by four equals four. 3-3 +16:4=4 ‘Twelve plus six divided by nine times ten minus two equals eighteen. ‘Sixteen point five plus one point three four minus ten point eight six equals six point nine eight. The square root of thirty-six multiplied by four cubed equals three hundred eighty-four.4.2 SHAPES Alll scientists and technologists need to be able to talk about different shapes; they can be two- dimensional or three-dimensional ones. Look at the picture below = A = triangle | Shapes mp bd ‘rapes Pictwe 4. Shapes Source: srunw Jeane o1g,