Technical

Product
Information
Spring wire for applications with high performance demands

Suzuki Garphyttan has produced wire since 1906.

Since 1927 the main product is oiltempered valve
spring wire for the automotive industry. During the
years others specialty wires such as stainless round
wire, flatrolled and shaped wire in carbon, low alloyed
and stainless material, have been added to the
product program. We have acquired extensive know-
ledge and experience of steel grades, efficient
manufacturing and quality control which is crucial to
the properties of the finished product. Large resources
are invested in research concerning improved
properties of our products and improved manu-
facturing processes, enabling Suzuki Garphyttan to be
world leader in the manufacturing of spring wire.
The main focus is spring wire for combustion
engines (valve and transmission springs, piston
rings, compression rings, fuel injection springs)
and other automotive applications.

Coiling properties
Defect free surfaces, narrow dimensional and tensile strength tolerances are important in achieving
the best properties for spring coiling. Each wire is continuously controlled during the entire
manufacturing from wire rod to the finished product according to a specific control plan.

Certified quality
Suzuki Garphyttan has a Quality Management System certified according to the International Standard
for Quality ISO TS 16949.
Our main wire rod suppliers also have Quality Management Systems certified by a third party
according to ISO 9001 as a minimum and are also regularly audited by Suzuki Garphyttan.

Technical support
We are prepared to assist you in utilizing modern materials for maximum performance. For us it is
obvious and necessary to be at the front, to serve our customers, discussing problems and areas for
development in existing as well as new products.

Environmental awareness
Our goal is to manufacture high quality products without any negative effects on the environment. We
are continuously improving our manufacturing processes to improve both internal and external
environment. Before new investments are made, special consideration is given to environmental
solutions.
We are certified according to ISO 14001.
For more information regarding different elements in our products we recommend the database
IMDS International Material Data System where each element is named with a separate CAS-No.
See the following Internet address: www.mdsystem.com.

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
Specialty steel spring wire for applications with high performance requirements

Oil tempered
spring wire

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
 OTEVA oil tempered valve spring wire

High quality For valve springs in combustion engines as well as

for transmission and crankshaft damper springs
subjected to extreme fatigue. OTEVA grades cover
different demands of high performance in tensile

oil tempered strength and fatigue life.

Our valve spring wire grades differ from each other in
terms of chemical, mechanical and technical
properties as well as required surface finish with

wire regard to surface depth and decarburization levels.

Oil tempered wire is also manufactured with egg or
elliptical cross sections. Profiled cross sections give
the advantage of optimum distribution of stresses in a
spring (see fig.).

Stress distribution KD oil tempered clutch and

in transversal section transmission spring wire
comparing round (picture For use in clutch springs of different types with
to the right) and egg various performance demands. KD is an oil tempered
shaped (picture to the wire with good dynamical characteristics, excellent
left) wire respectively.
coiling characteristics and good relaxation properties.

STATO oil tempered spring wire

An oil tempered wire grade used for springs subjected
to static stress or moderate fatigue. STATO is
available in different types of steel demanding
ultimate tensile strength, and relaxation properties
comparable to the OTEVA grades. Good coiling
characteristics make STATO an excellent alternative
to cold drawn spring wire.

Chemical composition, approximate values in %

Our grades C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr V Ni

OTEVA 90 SC 0.60 2.00 0.85 0.020 0,020 0.95 0.10 0.30
OTEVA 75 SC 0.60 1.47 0.70 0.020 0.020 0.67 0.15
OTEVA 70 SC 0.53 1.47 0.70 0.025 0.020 0.67
70 KD 0.53 1.47 0.70 0.025 0.020 0.67
STATO 70 0.53 1.47 0.70 0.025 0.025 0.67

Nearest equivalent standards

Our grades EN 10270-2 SIS ASTM B.S. JIS
OTEVA 90 SC
OTEVA 75 SC VDSiCrV
OTEVA 70 SC VDSiCr 142090-05 A 877 2803 685A55HD JIS G 3561 SWOSC-V
70 KD TDSiCr 142090-05 A 401 2803 685A55ND
STATO 70 FDSiCr 142090-05 A 401 2803 685A55HS JIS G 3568 SWOSC-B

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
Eddy Current
Eddy Current testing is carried

continuous out on material with high

demands on surface quality.
EC-testing is performed in
Circograph and Defectomat

surface testing equipment. The different levels of

EC-testing are indicated in the steel
grade designations in the table
below.

Steel grade designations

OTEVA 90 SC RD40 S
OTEVA 75 SC RD40 S
OTEVA 70 SC RD40 S
OTEVA 70 SC S (*)
OTEVA 70 SC (*)
70 KD R60
70 KD (*)
STATO 70 (*)

SC = Super Clean
R = Circograph tested
RD = Circograph
+ Defectomat tested
40, 60 = Defect depth levels in m
S = Shaved
Continuous testing of surface
defects is performed as standard in
sizes from 2.20 6.00 mm.
Suzuki Garphyttan uses the most advanced Eddy Current testing equipment Other sizes from 2.00 up to 6.20
available on the market. Experience from many years of surface testing in mm can be agreed upon.
efficient continuous testing lines is a guarantee for high quality spring wire. Grades indicated with (*) refer to
material outside the size range 2.20
6.00 mm, or grades not requiring
EC-testing.

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
 Delivery forms
Oil tempered spring wire
Delivery forms
Spool/Coil diameter Coil/Spool weight
Inner Outer
Wire sizes diam. diam.
mm Type Code min. mm max. mm abt. kg

0.50 1.00 Plastic spool S4610 314 460 40

0.50 2.10 Metal spool S6520 400 700 125/ 250

1.10 2.50 Coils/Carrier No 1 RU0004 450 700 250

0.80 2.50 Coils/Carrier No 2 RM0004 450 700 80/ 170
0.80 2.50 Coils/Wooden Box RM0021 450 700 80/ 170
RM0024 450 700 80/ 170
RM0025 450 700 80/ 170

2.00 3.00 Coils/Carrier No 3 RM0006 720 1200 225

RU0006 720 1200 450
RU0019 720 1200 450
RU0021* 720 1200 450

2.00 4.00 Coils/Wooden Box RM0021 720 1200 225

RM0022 720 1200 225
RM0023 720 1200 225

2.00 3.00 Coils/Carrier No 4 RU0011 1070 1500 900

RU0020 1070 1500 900
RU0022* 1070 1500 900

> 3.00 6.50 Coils/Carrier No 5 RU0012 1070 1500 1800

RU0014* 1070 1500 1800

> 6.50 14.00 Coils** 1350 1650 500

* RU0014, RU0021 and RU0022 has VCI plastic cover, oversea transport.
** Sizes > 6.50 14.00 mm in coils in unshaved condition subcontracted.

Packing

The packings for the different delivery forms can be seen in the next page.

Standard packing alternatives (others can be delivered on special request):

Plastic and metal spool covered with paper - on EUR-pallet (S-codes)
Coil covered with plastic hood - on carrier (RU-codes)
Coil covered with VCI plastic hood - on carrier (RU-codes) oversea transport.
Coils separately wrapped with paper - on carrier (RM-codes)
Coils separately wrapped with paper - in wooden boxes (RM-codes)

Wire sizes 6.50 10.00 mm is subcontracted and the sales is organized from our German office.
Packaging materials used are only those which can be recycled, such as paper and polyethylene.

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
 Delivery forms
Oil tempered spring wire

Carriers
Surface: galvanized
Delivery Tara Max
form Size, mm weight weight
Type Code A B C D abt. kg abt. kg
Carrier 1 RU0004 800 1200 1000 420 17 700
Carrier 2 RM0004 800 1200 1000 540 17 300
Carrier 3 RM0006 800 1200 900 720 18 1200
RU0006 800 1200 900 720 18 1200
RU0019 800 1200 900 720 18 1200
RU0021 800 1200 900 720 18 1200
Carrier 4 RM0011 1160 1530 960 1070 31 1200
RU0011 1160 1530 960 1070 31 1200
RU0020 1160 1530 960 1070 31 1200
RU0022 1160 1530 960 1070 31 1200
Carrier 5 RU0012 1160 1530 1200 1070 42 1800
RU0014 1160 1530 1200 1070 42 1800

Spools
Colour: black/green
Delivery Tara Max.
form Size, mm weight weight
Type Code A B C D E abt. kg abt. kg

Plastic S4610 460 105 319 91 305 1.8 40

Metal S6520 695 314 400 270 33 26 275

EUR-pallet
Spools
Delivery Tara Spool
form Size, mm weight weight Weight
Type Code Width Length Height abt. kg abt. kg abt. kg
1 SP6520 800 1200 150 26 275 750
2 SP4611 800 1200 340 34 40 500
3 SP4612 800 1200 540 42 40 750
4 SP4613 800 1200 740 50 40 1000
Packing of plastic and metal spools on EUR-pallet. Max. weight 1000 kg.

Wooden boxes
Boxes for coils
Delivery Tara Coil
form Outer size, mm weight weight Weight
Type Code Width Length Height abt. kg abt. kg abt. kg
Box 1 RM0021 1110 1150 1000 78 225/450 1000
Box 2 RM0022 1110 1150 620 57 225/450 500
Box 3 RM0023 1110 1150 430 48 225/450 250
Box 4 RM0024 800 850 940 52 80/170 500
Box 5 RM0025 800 850 580 36 80/170 250
Packing of wrapped coils with wire sizes > 2.50 mm is usually carried out
in boxes No. 1 3. Coils with wire sizes < 2.50 mm in boxes No. 1, 4 5.

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
OTEVA 90 SC is a Super Clean (SC) steel.
OTEVA 90 SC is especially intended for the
manufacture of valve springs and other springs
requiring extremely high fatigue properties and
OTEVA 90 SC
good relaxation properties at increased working Oil tempered SiCrV+Ni-alloyed high tensile
temperatures. valve spring wire for surface nitriding

Manufactured as standard in sizes from 2.00 mm to 6.00 mm in shaved condition. Other wire sizes on request.
We also produce OTEVA 90 SC in egg (ovate) or elliptical shape (corresponding to round cross section 2.50 mm to 6.00
mm).

Chemical composition
C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr V Ni
% % % % % % % %
0.50 0.70 1.80 2.20 0.70 1.00 0.020 0.020 0.85 1.05 0.05 0.15 0.20 0.40

4)
Physical properties Torsions
1) 2) 3)
Size range Tolerance Tensile strength Reduct. of area l=300 mm,
2
mm mm N/mm min. % min. revs.

2.00 2.50 0.020 2180 2280 45 5

>2.50 3.20 0.020 2130 2230 45 5
>3.20 4.00 0.025 2080 2180 45 4
>4.00 5.00 0.025 2030 2130 45 3
>5.00 5.60 0.030 1980 2080 40 3
>5.60 6.00 0.035 1980 2080 40 3
1)
Other wire sizes on request.
2)
Ovality, i. e. the difference between the largest and smallest dimension of a cross section, is maximum half the tolerance range.
3)
Conversion from tensile strength to hardness values can be calculated in standard ISO EN 18265.
4)
Torsion test is carried out for assessing deformability. The fracture of the torsion test piece shall be smooth and perpendicular to the wire
axis. The rupture shall show no longitudinal cracks.

Yield point
The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.8 x tensile strength of the
wire. The proof stress will rise above 0.9 x tensile strength Our critera for releasing wire rod material for valve spring
after stress relieving the springs. The tensile strength Rm wire are the following;
2
within one coil does not vary more than 50 N/mm . For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 m in surface
area.
E and G modulus
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm2 Inclusion size, surface 510 > 1015 >15 m
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2
Max. number of inclusions 50 7 0

Surface condition As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional

Non-destructive testing
inclusions in valve spring quality steel of a size larger than
In the standard size range 2.20 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested 15m.
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level * IVSWMA: International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request. Association
End sample test
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and Heat treatment
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be
the material structure. stress relieved. Depending on nitriding temperature used
later in the valve spring manufacturing process, this
Decarburization and surface defect depths
temperature may be decreased.
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization
and surface defects, 0.5% x wire diameter. No complete Hot presetting
decarburization allowed. After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and
relaxation properties, the springs must be preset at an
Non-metallic inclusions
appropriate stress.
The presence of non-metallic inclusions in the wire rod is
inspected for every heat in accordance with the Suzuki
Delivery forms
Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T-method).
See separate sheet.

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
 OTEVA 90 SC
Oil tempered SiCrV+Ni-alloyed high tensile
valve spring wire for surface nitriding

Soft shot peening

Before the nitriding process a soft shot peening process
shall be applied in order to remove the oxide layer on the Spring conditions for fatigue and relaxation tests
spring wire surface. (specially designed test spring) Diagrams 1 and 2:

Nitriding Wire diameter 3,85 mm

Springs of OTEVA 90 SC should be nitrided to obtain Spring index 6
optimum fatigue and relaxation properties. Our
Stress relieving
recommendation is gas nitriding. Temperature 450 5 C (840 10 F)
Shot peening min. 420 C (790 10 F) for
nitriding
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process Time 30 minutes
time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size
of shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and Soft shot peened
Speed 20-30 m/s
shot peening equipment.
Time 5 min
For nitrided springs with an extremely hard surface zone, it Shot size 0,8 mm
is important to use a shot peening media with high Nitriding Gas nitriding
hardness. Temperature 450-470C
Time 5-20 hours
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particularly Aim for surface hardness Min. 800 Hv
critical. Aim for core hardness Min. 560 Hv
Compound (white) layer Max. 1 m.
Relaxation and fatigue properties
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are Shot peening (double shot
illustrated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special test peening for nitrided springs)
1st treatment Speed 56 m/sec. for 20 minutes,
spring design. size of shots 0.6 mm
Diagram 2 shows the relaxation properties (loss of load) of 2nd treatment Speed 30 m/sec. for 10 minutes,
size of shots 0.25 mm
springs made from OTEVA 90 SC wire subjected to static Hardness of shot-peening min. 800 Hv
compression at different temperatures, nitrided/not nitrided. grit (shot)
Aim for Almen arc-height 0.55-0.60 mm
For further technical support, please contact Suzuki
2
Garphyttan. Hot presetting 1500 N/mm (nitrided springs)
2
(theoretically set) 1300 N/mm (not nitrided springs)
Temperature 200C (max. 250C)
Time 10 minutes

Initial stress Nitrided

Final stress Tau (corr.) Tau (corr.)
2 2
N/mm 6 N/mm Not nitireded Time of test: 24 h
Number of cycles: 25 x 10

2
Initial stress Tau (corr.) N/mm
Loss of load, %
Diagram 1 - Fatigue properties as nitrided/not nitrided. Diagram 2 - Relaxation properties, nitrided/not nitrided springs.

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
OTEVA 75 SC is a Super Clean (SC) steel.
OTEVA 75 SC is especially intended for the
manufacture of valve springs and other springs
requiring high fatigue properties and good
OTEVA 75 SC
relaxation properties at moderately increased Oil tempered SiCrV-alloyed
working temperatures. high tensile valve spring wire
Manufactured as standard in sizes from 2.00 mm
to 6.00 mm in shaved condition.
We also produce OTEVA 75 SC in egg (ovate) or elliptical shape (corresponding to round cross section 2.50 mm to 6.00
mm).
Chemical composition
C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr V
% % % % % % %

0.50 0.70 1.20 1.65 0.50 0.80 0.020 0.020 0.50 1.00 0.05 0.20

Physical properties
4)
Torsions
1) 2) 3)
Size range Tolerance Tensile strength Reduct. of area l=300 mm,
2
mm mm N/mm min. % min. revs.

2.00 2.50 0.020 2110 2210 45 5

>2.50 3.20 0.020 2060 2160 45 5

>3.20 4.00 0.025 2010 2110 45 4

>4.00 5.00 0.025 1960 2060 45 3

>5.00 5.60 0.030 1910 2010 40 3

>5.60 6.00 0.035 1910 2010 40 3

1)
Other wire sizes on request.
2)
Ovality, i. e. the difference between the largest and smallest dimension of a cross section, is maximum half the tolerance range.
3)
Conversion from tensile strength to hardness values can be calculated in standard ISO EN 18265.
4)
Torsion test is carried out for assessing deformability. The fracture of the torsion test piece shall be smooth and perpendicular to the wire
axis. The rupture shall show no longitudinal cracks.

Yield point Non-metallic inclusions

The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.9 x tensile strength of the The presence of non-metallic inclusions in the wire rod is
wire. inspected for every heat in accordance with the Suzuki
The tensile strength Rm within one coil does not vary more Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T-method).
2
than 50 N/mm .
Our criteria for releasing wire rod material for valve spring
E and G modulus wire are the following;
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm2
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2 For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 m in surface
area.
Surface condition
Non-destructive testing Inclusion size, surface 510 > 1015 >15 m
In the standard size range 2.20 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested Max. number of inclusions 50 7 0
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request. As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional
End sample test inclusions in valve spring quality steel of a size larger than
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and 15m.
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of * IVSWMA: International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers
the material structure. Association

Decarburization and surface defect depths

Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization Delivery forms
and surface defects, 0.5% x wire diameter. No complete See separate sheet.
decarburization allowed.

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
 OTEVA 75 SC
Oil tempered SiCrV-alloyed
high tensile valve spring wire

Heat treatment
As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be
Spring conditions for fatigue and relaxation tests
stress relieved. (specially designed test spring) Diagram 1 and 2:
Shot peening Wire diameter 4.00 mm
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the Spring index 6
process time should be adjusted to get a complete
treatment. Size of shots should be adapted to wire Stress relieving
Temperature 420 5C (790 10 F)
dimension, pitch and shot peening equipment.
Time 30 minutes
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is
particularly critical. Shot peening (double shot
peening)
Hot presetting 1st treatment Speed 56 m/sec. for 20 minutes,
After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or size of shots 0.8 mm
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and 2nd treatment Speed 30 m/sec. for 10 minutes,
relaxation properties, the springs must be preset at an size of shots 0.8 mm
appropriate stress. Hardness of Shot-peening 610-670 Hv
grit (shot):
Relaxation and fatigue properties Aim for Almen arc-height Min 0.45 mm
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are 2
Hot presetting 1300 N/mm
illustrated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special (theoretically set)
test spring design. Temperature 200C (max. 250C)
Time 10 minutes
Diagram 2 shows the relaxation properties (loss of
load) of springs made from OTEVA 75 SC wire
subjected to static compression at different
temperatures.
For further technical support, please contact Suzuki
Garphyttan.

Final stress Tau (corr.)

2 Initial stress Tau (corr.)
N/mm Number of cycles: 25 x 10
6
2
N/mm Time of test: 24 h

2 Loss of load, %
Initial stress Tau (corr.) N/mm

Diagram 1 - Fatigue properties Diagram 2 - Relaxation properties

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
OTEVA 70 SC is a Super Clean (SC) steel.
OTEVA 70 SC is especially intended for the manufacture of valve
springs and other springs requiring high fatigue properties and
OTEVA 70 SC
good relaxation properties at moderately increased working Oil tempered SiCr-alloyed
temperature. valve spring wire
The wire is manufactured in sizes from 0.70 mm to 6.50 mm in shaved or unshaved condition (6.50 14.00 mm in
unshaved condition subcontracted).
We are also producing OTEVA 70 SC in egg (ovate) or elliptical shape (corresponding to round cross section 2.50 mm to
6.00 mm).
Chemical composition
C Si Mn P max S max Cr
% % % % % %

0.50 0.60 1.20 1.60 0.50 0.80 0.020 0.020 0.50 0.80

Physical properties
4)
Torsions
1) 2) 3)
Size range Tolerance Tensile strength Reduct. of area l=300 mm,
mm mm N/mm2 min. % min. revs.

0.70 0.80 0.010 2080 2210 6

>0.80 1.30 0.015 2080 2210 50 5
>1.30 1.40 0.015 2080 2210 50 5
>1.40 1.60 0.020 2080 2210 50 5
>1.60 2.00 0.020 2010 2160 50 5
>2.00 2.50 0.020 1960 2060 50 5
>2.50 3.00 0.020 1910 2010 50 4
>3.00 3.20 0.020 1910 2010 45 4
>3.20 3.50 0.025 1910 2010 45 4
>3.50 4.50 0.025 1860 1960 45 4
>4.50 5.00 0.025 1810 1910 45 3
>5.00 5.60 0.030 1810 1910 40 3
>5.60 6.50 0.035 1760 1860 40 3
1)
Smaller wire sizes (from 0.50 mm) on request.
2)
Ovality, i. e. the difference between the largest and smallest dimension of a cross section, is maximum half the tolerance range.
3)
Conversion from tensile strength to hardness values can be calculated in standard ISO EN 18265.
4)
Torsion test is carried out for assessing deformability. The fracture of the torsion test piece shall be smooth and perpendicular to the
wire axis. The rupture shall show no longitudinal cracks.
Yield point Decarburization and surface defect depths
The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.9 x tensile strength of the Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization
wire. and surface defects, 1.0% x wire diameter. In shaved
The tensile strength Rm within one coil does not vary more condition 0.5% x d. No complete decarburization allowed.
2
than 50 N/Mm . The presence of non-metallic inclusions in the wire rod is
E and G modulus inspected for every heat in accordance with the Suzuki
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm2 Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T-method).
2
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm Our criteria for releasing wire rod material for valve spring
Surface condition wire are the following;
Non-destructive testing For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 m in surface
In the standard size range 2.20 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested area.
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level
Inclusion size, surface 510 >1015 >15 m
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request.
Max. number of incl. 50 7 0
End sample test
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of inclusions in valve spring quality steel of a size larger than
the material structure. 15m.
* IVSWMA: International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers
Association

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
 OTEVA 70 SC
Oil tempered SiCr-alloyed
valve spring wire

Delivery forms Spring conditions for fatigue and relaxation tests

See separate sheet. (specially designed test spring) Diagram 1 and 2:
Heat treatment Wire diameter 4,00 mm
As soon as possible after coiling, the springs Spring index 6
should be stress relieved.
Stress relieving
Shot peening Temperature 420 5C (790 10 F)
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the Time 30 minutes
process time should be adjusted to get a Shot peening Speed 48 m/sec. for 20 minutes,
complete treatment. Size of shots should be size of shots 0.8 mm
adapted to wire dimension, pitch and shot Hardness of Shot-peening 610-670 Hv
grit (shot):
peening equipment. Aim for Almen arc-height Min. 0.40-0.45 mm
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is Hot presetting 1200 N/mm
2

particularly critical. (theoretically set)

Temperature 200C (max. 250C)
Hot presetting
Time 10 minutes
After shot peening, the springs should be hot
preset or stress relieved. In order to reach
optimum fatigue and relaxation properties, the
springs must be preset at an appropriate stress.
Relaxation and fatigue properties
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade
are illustrated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a
special test spring design.
Diagram 2 shows the relaxation properties (loss
of load) of springs made from OTEVA 70 SC
wire subjected to static compression at different
temperatures.
For further technical support, please contact
Suzuki Garphyttan.

Initial stress Tau (corr.)

2
Final stress Tau (corr.) N/mm
2 6
N/mm Number of cycles: 25 x 10 Time of test: 24 h

2
Initial stress Tau (corr.) N/mm
Loss of load, %

Diagram 1 - Fatigue properties Diagram 2 - Relaxation properties

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
OTEVA 76 SC is a Super Clean (SC) steel.
OTEVA 76 SC is especially intended for the
manufacture of valve springs and other springs
requiring high fatigue properties and good
OTEVA 76 SC
relaxation properties at moderately increased Oil tempered SiCrV-alloyed
working temperatures. high tensile valve spring wire
Only manufactured in USA and China
Manufactured as standard in sizes from 2.00 mm
to 6.00 mm in shaved condition.
We also produce OTEVA 76 SC in egg (ovate) or elliptical shape (corresponding to round cross section 2.50 mm to 6.00 mm).

Chemical composition
C Si Mn P max. S max. Cr V Ni
% % % % % % % %

0.50 0.70 1.20 1.65 0.50 0.90 0.020 0.020 0.50 1.00 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.50

Physical properties
4)
Torsions
1) 2) 3)
Size range Tolerance Tensile strength Reduct. of area l=300 mm,
2
mm mm N/mm min. % min. revs.

2.00 2.50 0.020 2110 2210 45 5

>2.50 3.20 0.020 2060 2160 45 5

>3.20 4.00 0.025 2010 2110 45 4

>4.00 5.00 0.025 1960 2060 45 3

>5.00 5.60 0.030 1910 2010 40 3

>5.60 6.00 0.035 1910 2010 40 3

1)
Other wire sizes on request.
2)
Ovality, i. e. the difference between the largest and smallest dimension of a cross section, is maximum half the tolerance range.
3)
Conversion from tensile strength to hardness values can be calculated in standard ISO EN 18265.
4)
Torsion test is carried out for assessing deformability. The fracture of the torsion test piece shall be smooth and perpendicular to the wire
axis. The rupture shall show no longitudinal cracks.

Yield point Non-metallic inclusions

The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.9 x tensile strength of the The presence of non-metallic inclusions in the wire rod is
wire. inspected for every heat in accordance with the Suzuki
The tensile strength Rm within one coil does not vary more Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T-method).
2
than 50 N/mm .
Our criteria for releasing wire rod material for valve spring
E and G modulus wire are the following;
2
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2 For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 m in surface
area.
Surface condition
Non-destructive testing Inclusion size, surface 510 > 1015 >15 m
In the standard size range 2.20 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested Max. number of inclusions 50 7 0
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request. As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional
End sample test inclusions in valve spring quality steel of a size larger than
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and 15m.
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of * IVSWMA: International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers
the material structure. Association

Decarburization and surface defect depths

Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization Delivery forms
and surface defects, 0.5% x wire diameter. No complete Please contact site: South Bend USA or Suzhou China
decarburization allowed.

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
 OTEVA 76 SC
Oil tempered SiCrV-alloyed
high tensile valve spring wire

Heat treatment
As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be
Spring conditions for fatigue and relaxation tests
stress relieved. (specially designed test spring) Diagram 1 and 2:
Shot peening Wire diameter 4.00 mm
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the Spring index 6
process time should be adjusted to get a complete
treatment. Size of shots should be adapted to wire Stress relieving
Temperature 420 5C (790 10 F)
dimension, pitch and shot peening equipment.
Time 30 minutes
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is
particularly critical. Shot peening (double shot
peening)
Hot presetting 1st treatment Speed 56 m/sec. for 20 minutes,
After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or size of shots 0.8 mm
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and 2nd treatment Speed 30 m/sec. for 10 minutes,
relaxation properties, the springs must be preset at an size of shots 0.8 mm
appropriate stress. Hardness of Shot-peening 610-670 Hv
grit (shot):
Relaxation and fatigue properties Aim for Almen arc-height Min 0.45 mm
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are 2
Hot presetting 1300 N/mm
illustrated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special (theoretically set)
test spring design. Temperature 200C (max. 250C)
Time 10 minutes
Diagram 2 shows the relaxation properties (loss of
load) of springs made from OTEVA 76 SC wire
subjected to static compression at different
temperatures.
For further technical support, please contact Suzuki
Garphyttan.

Final stress Tau (corr.)

2 Initial stress Tau (corr.)
N/mm Number of cycles: 25 x 10
6
2
N/mm Time of test: 24 h

2 Loss of load, %
Initial stress Tau (corr.) N/mm

Diagram 1 - Fatigue properties Diagram 2 - Relaxation properties

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
SWOSC-V is a Super Clean (SC) steel.
SWOSC-V is especially intended for the manufacture of valve
springs and other springs requiring high fatigue properties and
SWOSC-V
good relaxation properties at moderately increased working Oil tempered SiCr-alloyed
temperature. valve spring wire
Only manufactured in China

The wire is manufactured in sizes from 2.00 mm to 6.50 mm in shaved condition

We are also producing SWOSC-V in egg (ovate) or elliptical shape (corresponding to round cross section 2.50 mm to 6.00
mm).
Chemical composition
C Si Mn P max S max Cr
% % % % % %

0.50 0.60 1.20 1.60 0.50 0.80 0.025 0.020 0.50 0.80

Physical properties
4)
Torsions
1) 2) 3)
Size range Tolerance Tensile strength Reduct. of area l=300 mm,
mm mm N/mm2 min. % min. revs.

1.80 2.00 0.020 2010 2160 50 5

>2.00 2.50 0.020 1960 2060 50 5
>2.50 3.00 0.020 1910 2010 50 4
>3.00 3.20 0.020 1910 2010 45 4
>3.20 3.50 0.025 1910 2010 45 4
>3.50 4.50 0.025 1860 1960 45 4
>4.50 5.00 0.025 1810 1910 45 3
>5.00 5.60 0.030 1810 1910 40 3
>5.60 6.50 0.035 1760 1860 40 3
1)
Smaller wire sizes (from 0.50 mm) on request.
2)
Ovality, i. e. the difference between the largest and smallest dimension of a cross section, is maximum half the tolerance range.
3)
Conversion from tensile strength to hardness values can be calculated in standard ISO EN 18265.
4)
Torsion test is carried out for assesing deformability. The fracture of the torsion test piece shall be smooth and perpendicular to the wire
axis. The rupture shall show no longitudinal cracks.

Decarburization and surface defect depths

Yield point
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization
The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.9 x tensile strength of the and surface defects, 1.0% x wire diameter. In shaved
wire.
condition 0.5% x d. No complete decarburization allowed.
The tensile strength Rm within one coil does not vary more
2
than 50 N/Mm . The presence of non-metallic inclusions in the wire rod is
inspected for every heat in accordance with the Suzuki
E and G modulus
Garphyttan method (or alternative max. T-method).
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm2
2
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm Our criteria for releasing wire rod material for valve spring
Surface condition wire are the following;
Non-destructive testing For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 m in surface
area.
In the standard size range 2.20 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level Inclusion size, surface 510 >1015 >15 m
of > 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request.
Max. number of incl. 50 7 0
End sample test
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and As stated by IVSWMA*, it is likely to find occasional
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of inclusions in valve spring quality steel of a size larger than
the material structure. 15m.
* IVSWMA: International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers
Association

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
 SWOSC-V
Oil tempered SiCr-alloyed
valve spring wire

Spring conditions for fatigue and relaxation tests

Delivery forms (specially designed test spring) Diagram 1 and 2:
Please contact site: Suzhou China
Wire diameter 4,00 mm
Heat treatment Spring index 6
As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be
Stress relieving
stress relieved. Temperature 420 5C (790 10 F)
Shot peening Time 30 minutes
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process Shot peening Speed 48 m/sec. for 20 minutes,
time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size size of shots 0.8 mm
of shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and Hardness of Shot-peening 610-670 Hv
grit (shot):
shot peening equipment.
Aim for Almen arc-height Min. 0.40-0.45 mm
Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particularly Hot presetting 1200 N/mm
2
critical. (theoretically set)
Hot presetting Temperature 200C (max. 250C)
Time 10 minutes
After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and
relaxation properties, the springs must be preset at an
appropriate stress.
Relaxation and fatigue properties
In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are
illustrated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special test
spring design.
Diagram 2 shows the relaxation properties (loss of load) of
springs made from SWOSC-V wire subjected to static
compression at different temperatures.
For further technical support, please contact Suzuki
Garphyttan.

Final stress Tau (corr.) Initial stress Tau (corr.)

2 2
N/mm N/mm
6
Number of cycles: 25 x 10 Time of test: 24 h

2
Initial stress Tau (corr.) N/mm
Loss of load, %

Diagram 1 - Fatigue properties Diagram 2 - Relaxation properties

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
70 KD is especially intended for the manufacture
of clutch and transmission springs and similar
moderately high fatigue stressed springs. The
material has good relaxation properties.
70 KD
The wire is manufactured in sizes from 0.70 to Oil tempered SiCr-alloyed
6.50 mm . clutch and transmission spring wire

Chemical composition
C Si Mn P max S max Cr
% % % % % %
0.50 0.60 1.20 1.60 0.50 0.80 0.025 0.020 0.50 0.80

Physical properties
4)
Torsions
1) 2) 3)
Size range Tolerance Tensile strength Reduct. of area l=300 mm,
mm mm N/mm2 min. % min. revs.
0.70 0.80 0.010 2080 2210 6
>0.80 1.30 0.015 2080 2210 50 5
>1.30 1.40 0.015 2080 2210 50 5
>1.40 1.60 0.020 2080 2210 50 5
>1.60 2.00 0.020 2010 2160 50 5
>2.00 2.50 0.020 1960 2060 50 5
>2.50 3.00 0.020 1910 2010 50 4
>3.00 3.20 0.020 1910 2010 45 4
>3.20 3.50 0.025 1910 2010 45 4
>3.50 4.50 0.025 1860 1960 45 4
>4.50 5.00 0.025 1810 1910 45 3
>5.00 5.60 0.030 1810 1910 40 3
>5.60 6.50 0.035 1760 1860 40 3
1)
Smaller wire sizes (from 0.50 mm) on request.
2)
Ovality, i. e. the difference between the largest and smallest dimension of a cross section, is maximum half the tolerance range.
3)
Conversion from tensile strength to hardness values can be calculated in standard ISO EN 18265.
4)
Torsion test is carried out for assessing deformability. The fracture of the torsion test piece shall be smooth and perpendicular to the
wire axis. The rupture shall show no longitudinal cracks.

Yield point Non-metallic inclusions

The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.9 x tensile strength of the Max. level 2 according to DIN 50602-M.
wire. Corresponding standard: ASTM E-45-A.
The tensile strength Rm within one coil does not vary more
than 60 N/mm .
2 Heat treatment
As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be
E and G modulus stress relieved.
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm2
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2 Shot peening
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process
Surface condition time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size of
Non-destructive testing shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and shot
In the standard size range 2.20 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested peening equipment. Shot peening of the inside of the spring
continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface level coils is particularly critical.
of > 60 microns. Other wire sizes on request. Hot presetting
End sample test After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and
relaxation properties, the springs must be preset at an
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of
appropriate stress.
the material structure.
Delivery forms
Decarburization and surface defect depths See separate sheet.
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization
and surface defects, 1.3% x wire diameter. No complete
decarburization allowed.

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
STATO 70 is especially intended for the manufacture of
springs exposed to static or moderately high fatigue
stresses. The material has good relaxation properties. STATO 70
The wire is manufactured in sizes from 0.70 mm to
6.50 mm .
Oil tempered SiCr-alloyed
spring wire
Chemical composition
C Si Mn P max S max Cr
% % % % % %
0.50 0.60 1.20 1.60 0.50 0.80 0.025 0.025 0.50 0.80

Physical properties
3)
Size range1) Tolerance2) Tensile strength Reduct of area
2
mm mm N/mm min. %
0.70 0.80 0.010 2100 2250
>0.80 1.00 0.015 2100 2250 50
>1.00 1.40 0.020 2100 2250 50
>1.40 1.60 0.020 2060 2210 50
>1.60 2.00 0.025 2010 2160 50
>2.00 2.50 0.025 1970 2120 50
>2.50 2.70 0.025 1910 2060 50
>2.70 3.00 0.030 1910 2060 50
>3.00 3.50 0.030 1910 2060 45
>3.50 4.00 0.030 1870 2020 45
>4.00 4.50 0.035 1870 2020 45
>4.50 5.00 0.035 1830 1980 45
>5.00 5.60 0.035 1830 1980 40
>5.60 6.50 0.040 1780 1930 40
1)
Smaller wire sizes (from 0.50 mm) on request.
2)
Ovality, i. e. the difference between the largest and smallest dimension of a cross section, is maximum half the tolerance range.
3)
Conversion from tensile strength to hardness values can be calculated in standard ISO EN 18265.

Yield point Non-metallic inclusions

The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.9 x tensile strength of the Max. level 2 according to DIN 50602-M.
wire. Corresponding standard: ASTM E-45-A.
The tensile strength Rm within one coil does not vary more
2
than 70 N/mm . Heat treatment
E and G modulus As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be
Modulus of elasticity, E: About 206 kN/mm2 stress relieved.
Modulus of shear, G: About 79.5 kN/mm2.
Shot peening
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process
Surface condition time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment. Size
End sample test of shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and
shot peening equipment. Shot peening of the inside of the
The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and
spring coils is particularly critical.
binocular inspection as well as microscopical inspection of
the material structure. Hot presetting
Decarburization and surface defect depths After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or
stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization relaxation properties, the springs must be preset at an
and surface defects, 1.5% x wire diameter. No complete appropriate stress.
decarburization allowed.
Delivery forms
See separate sheet.

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.
Addresses
Production Sites Sales Representatives/Distributors/Re-sellers

Sweden Albania, Austria, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia,

Suzuki Garphyttan AB Czech Republic, Hungary, Macedonia, Romania, Serbia-
Bruksvgen 3 Montenegro, Slovakia and Slovenia
SE-719 80 Garphyttan AWS STAHLHANDEL GESELLSCHAFT MBH
Sweden Feldgasse 2
Tel +46 (0)19 295 100 AT-3422 Hadersfeld
Fax +46 (0)19 295 101 Austria
e-mail [email protected] Tel +43 2242 5330
www.suzuki-garphyttan.com Fax+43 2242 5333-30
e-mail [email protected]
USA www.aws.co.at
Suzuki Garphyttan Corp.
4404 Nimtz Parkway Belgium, Luxembourg and Netherlands
South Bend, IN 46628 JOOP H BECKER HANDELSONDERNEMING
USA Schaaksport 142
Tel +1 574 232 8800 NL-9728 PG Groningen
Fax +1 574 232 2565 Netherlands
e-mail [email protected] Tel +31 651 345 233
China Fax+31 505 278 515
Suzuki Garphyttan (Suzhou) Co. Ltd. e-mail [email protected]
Building B, No 6 Longpu Road Brazil
SIP, Suzhou 215126 UBRASTEEL TRADING LTDA
P.R. China Rua Vieira de Morais, 420 - conj 92 - Campo Belo
Tel +86 512 8885 5360 BR - CEP 04617-000 - Sao Paulo - SP
Fax +86 512 8885 5366 Brazil
e-mail [email protected] Tel +55 11 5536 9540
Fax +55 11 5093 1131
Sales Offices
e-mail [email protected], [email protected],
China [email protected]
Suzuki Garphyttan (Suzhou) Co. Ltd. Great Britain
Building B, No 6 Longpu Road STRIDE SUPPLIES LTD
SIP, Suzhou 215126 Monkspath Business Park
P.R. China Highland Road
Tel +86 512 8885 5360 GB-B90 4NZ Solihull, West Midlands
Fax +86 512 8885 5366 England
e-mail [email protected] Tel +44 121 733 3010
Germany Fax +44 121 733 3360
Suzuki Garphyttan GmbH e-mail [email protected]
Postfach 102541 Korea
DE-40016 Dsseldorf JOIL STEEL Co
Germany 8F, Koami New B/D
Tel +49 (0)211/92304-0 13-6, Yoido-Dong
Fax +49 (0)211/92304-40 Youngdeungpo-Ku
e-mail [email protected] Seoul
www.suzuki-garphyttan.de Korea
Sweden Tel +82-2-761-2028
Suzuki Garphyttan AB Fax +82-2-761-2029
Bruksvgen 3 e-mail [email protected]
SE-719 80 Garphyttan Spain
Sweden BHLER UDDEHOLM IBERICA S A
Tel +46 (0)19 295 100 C/ Guifr 686-692
Fax +46 (0)19 295 101 ES-08918 Badalona (Barcelona)
e-mail [email protected] Spain
www.suzuki-garphyttan.com Tel +34 93 460 99 07
France Fax +34 93 460 99 10
Tel +33 1 39 60 74 63 e-mail [email protected]
e-mail [email protected]
USA
Suzuki Garphyttan Corp.
4404 Nimtz Parkway
South Bend, IN 46628
USA
Tel +1 574 232 8800
Fax +1 574 232 2565
e-mail [email protected]

March 2011
This information is subject to change (design, dimensions,
technical data, etc) without prior notice.