Scribd
Upload
217 views4 pages

5090 w01 Ms 2

This document is a mark scheme for a biology exam that provides the answers and level of detail required to earn points on various questions. It addresses topics like plant transpiration, nitrogen cycling in ecosystems, animal transport systems, and plant tropisms. The summary provides an overview of the content and structure without copying significant text from the original document.

Uploaded by

Ahmed Kaleem Khan Niazi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
217 views4 pages

5090 w01 Ms 2

This document is a mark scheme for a biology exam that provides the answers and level of detail required to earn points on various questions. It addresses topics like plant transpiration, nitrogen cycling in ecosystems, animal transport systems, and plant tropisms. The summary provides an overview of the content and structure without copying significant text from the original document.

Uploaded by

Ahmed Kaleem Khan Niazi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Mark scheme 5090 /2 – Theory November 2001

1(a)(i) Plant B ; 1
(ii) 37 or 38 – 35 ;
= 2 or 3 g ; 2

(b)(i) transpiration / evaporation ; 1


(increases) humidity / water vapour in air / no air movement ;
slower rate of diffusion / less evaporation / less transpiration / less water loss ;
2

(c) continues at (+/ - ) same rate ;


very little / no loss of water vapour from upper surface ;
few / no stomata on upper surface / stomata are on lower surface ; [max
2] 2

2(a)(i) nitrogen / N / N2 ;
carbon / C ; 2
(ii) U – decomposition / decay / putrefaction / rotting ;
bacteria (or correct named) / fungi / decomposes / saprotrophs etc ;
V – nitrification ;
bacteria / Nitrosomonas / Nitrobacter; (not 'microorganisms') 4

(b) Y – urea / uric acid / nitrogenous waste / urine;;


Z – proteins / amino acids / peptides / nucleic acids or named ; 2

(c) cannot manufacture protein / amino acids ;


needs supply of nitrogen / N(2) ;
uses insect protein / (absorbs) amino acids; [max 2] 2

3(a)(i) W – ovary (wall) ;


X – style / stigma ; 2
(ii) testa / (seed) coat / covering; 1

(b) wind or description ;


any 2 from :
0.003g / light, large surface area / winged / flat / thin / wide, small ;; 3

(c)(i) leaves / named cells / chloroplasts ; 1


(ii) in solution / in phloem / mass flow ; 1
(iii) (sweet) to attract animals ;
(ripe) eaten and dispersal ; 2

4(a)(i) line from label to space between ribs ; 1


diaphragm domed (totally within body outline, not starting above bottom 3
ribs, extending across more than half the body) ; 1
(b)(i) decreased pressure ;
air enters / forced into balloons / balloons inflate / become larger ; 2
(ii) no rib movement / rigid bell jar ;
no musculature ;
different diaphragm movement e.g. sheet never domed / has to be pulled ;
3

5(a) M – right atrium / right auricle ;


N – aorta ; 2

(b) 1 and 2 more oxygen and less carbon dioxide ; 1

(c) alveoli / air sacs ; 1

(d)(i) maximum surface / more diffusion / gas movement faster ;


(ii) to prevent blood (named component) or cells passing through / to allow only
gas to pass ; 2

(e)(i) white / WBC / leucocyte / any named leucocyte ; 1


(ii) infection / reference to bacteria / introduced antigens / stress / trauma /
damaged cells ;
(explanation) they make antibodies / antitoxins / engulf or ingest pathogens ;
2

6(a)(i) (digestion) (pancreatic) juice / enzymes (or any two named) (from pancreas) ;
NAMED enzyme and reaction x 2 ;; (any two from protease / trypsin
(ogen), amylase, lipase)
(assimilation) reference to insulin and effect ; [max 3] 3
(ii) (digestion) produces bile / reference to pH ;
for emulsification of fat ;
(assimilation) storage ;
any two substances stored ( any one vitamin, glycogen, fat, iron) ;
amino acid or protein synthesis ; [max 3] 3

(b)(i) little food at a time / no storage / food passes through quickly ;


need to eat often ;
any reference to effect on protein digestion ;
bacteria not killed by acid / bacteria are (normally) killed by acid in stomach ;
no churning / special diet / prepared or pre-processed food ; [max 4] 4
(ii) less water absorption ;
soft faeces / tendency to diarrhoea / stoma / colostomy or ileostomy / bag /
hygiene / smell / disposal / inconvenience / increased frequency / drink more
water / take in more salts; 2

7(a)(i) decreased oxygen ;


and (ii) increased respiration ;
anaerobic ;
(raised levels of) lactic acid ;
fatigue / cramp ;
heat generated ;
more sugar carried to / needed in muscles ;
more oxygen carried to / needed in muscles ;
more carbon dioxide carried in blood / produced in muscles ;
blood moves faster / more blood to muscles / pulse rate rises ;
heart beats faster / more blood to muscles / pulse rate rises ;
(iii) more carbon dioxide ;
less oxygen ; [max 10] 10

(b) Any two, stating increase in component or function, from :


fat or carbohydrate (or named carbohydrate) for energy,
water to prevent cramp or to replace sweat or for temperature regulation,
protein for muscle / repair / growth,
ions (or ONE named) to replace those lost in sweat or prevent cramp / or
any named function,
vitamins (or ONE named) and suitable function ;; [max 2] 2

8(a) in either (i) or (ii): combining / joining / uniting / fusion ;


gametes / nuclei / sex cells ;
zygote ;
(i) sperm and ovum / egg ;
sperm swims ;
in oviduct / Fallopian tube ;
(ii) male inside pollen (grain) ;
female inside ovule / embryo sac ;
reference to pollen tube ;
fertilisation inside ovary / ovule / embryo sac; [max 8] 8

(b) (self-pollination) (some) variety ;


when genes / alleles combine ;
(asexual) no / less variety / identical / clone ;
(cross-pollination) greater range of allele / gene combination / larger gene
pool ;
greatest variety ; [max 4] 4

9(a) in (i) or (ii): auxins /


IAA / IEA / (growth) hormones ;
fewer / less / more on one side (i.e. unequal distribution) ;
(i) on dark side ;
more / faster rate of growth / cell division / cell production / cell elongation
;
positively phototropic ;
(ii) on lower surface ;
slower rate of growth / cell division or production / cell elongation ;
root grows downwards / towards earth or soil and geotropic; [max 7] 7

(b) named animal ;


description of apparatus (or on diagram) ;
named stimulus – a differential must be indicated ;
appropriate response described ;
taxis ;
repetition / 3 or more organisms ;
control / suitable time referred to for experiment or recovery ; [max 5] 5

10(a) a solvent ;
carrying / transport medium ;
any named solute (in body or in drink) ;
maintains cell shape / major constituent of cell / cytoplasm / protoplasm /
cytosol ;
medium for or used in chemical reactions / a correct e.g. of a chemical
reaction ;
use in temperature regulation;
any two body fluids (e.g. blood, sweat, urine, amniotic fluid, synovial fluid
etc.) ;; [max 6] 6

(b) diffusion ;
through capillary walls / out of capillaries ;
differential concentration ;
tissue fluid ;
surrounds / bathes the cells;
through cell membranes ;
any two examples of substances transferred (in correct direction) ;; [max 6]
6

You might also like