International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169

Volume: 5 Issue: 5 1227 - 1231

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Improved Trial Division Algorithm by Lagranges Interpolation Function

*
Maloth Bhavsingh, 1M. Sri Lakshmi, 2Dr. S. Prem Kumar,3N. Parashuram
1,3
Assistant Professor, Dept. of CSE, G.Pullaiah College of Engineering and Technology, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh
2
Prof &HOD, Dept of CSE, G Pullaiah College of Engineering and Technology, Kurnool.Andhra Pradesh.

Abstract- Nowadays data communication over the internetgrowths the security risk on the side of receiver and transmitter. To reduce risk level,
cryptography technique has been used which is based on aprivate and public key in disquiet of endorsement. The process of encryption and
decryption improved the capacity of data security. Asymmetric cryptography technique provides renowned RSA public key cryptography
technique. The success story of RSA algorithm depends on the prime factor. For the estimation of theprime factor used various mathematical
functions. In this paper,Lagranges interpolation derivation for the estimation of aprime factoris used. The estimated prime factor is very
complex and reduces the complexity of prime factor.

Keywords: - public cryptography, RSA, factor, trial division, Lagranges Interpolation

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1. INTRODUCTION form the original integer so it is a arduousprocess to find the

Public key cryptography is one of the applications that are factors of very large numbers. It has not been demonstrated
valuable in sending information via insecure channels that factoring requirement is difficult, and their residues a
algorithm is a public key encryption algorithm. RSA has chance that a rapid and easy factoring method might be
become most popular cryptosystem in the world because of exposed [6]. The private key is period coupled and it is
its simplicity. According to number theory, it is easy to finds mathematically related to the corresponding public key.
two big prime number, but the factorization of the product Hence, it is repetitively probable to attack a public-key
of two big prime numbers is very difficult task. The system by originating the private key commencing the
difficulty of computing the roots N, where N is the product public key. For occurrence, specific Public-key
of two large unknown primes, it is widely believed to be cryptosystems are considered such that deriving the private
secure for large enough N. Since RSA can also be broken by key from the public key involves the attacker to factor a
factoring N, the security of RSA is often based on the large number, therefore, it is computationally infeasible to
integer factorization problem [1]. The integer factorization implement the derivation. This is principally the significant
problem is a well-known topic of research within both idea of the RSA public-key cryptosystem [5]. RSA
academia and industry. It consists of finding the prime operations are secluded exponentiations of huge whole
factors for any given large modulus Thereliability and numbers with a common size of 512 to 2048 bits. RSA
security of data over the internet aremain issue. For the encryption creates a figure content C from a message M in
reliability and authentication cryptography technique is light of a secluded exponentiation = Me mod n.
used. The cryptography techniques give the process of Unscrambling recovers the message by computing = Cd mod
encryption and decryption. The process of encryption and n. Among the few systems that can be utilized to quicken
decryption uses the symmetric and asymmetric technique. RSA, they extraordinarily centered around those appropriate
The Asymmetric technique used RSA algorithm. The under the requirements of 8-bit gadgets.
Strength of RSA algorithms depends on the processing of
factorization and complexity of factor. For the minimization 2. RELATED WORK
of the complexity of factorization Lagranges interpolation In 1978, RSA developed a public key cryptosystem thatis
function is used to enhance the capacity of RSA based on the difficulty of integer factoring. The RSApublic
factorization. Factorization is a reverse process of key encryption scheme is the first example of aprovable
multiplication. It is the act of splitting an integer into a set of secure public key encryption scheme againstchosen message
smaller integers (factors) which, when multiplied collected, chosen attacks [5].

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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 5 1227 - 1231
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Fig 1.RSA algorithm

The RSA Algorithm is as follows [6]: 3. PROBLEM STATEMENT

Key generation algorithm, to generate the keys entity A The generation of RSA factor is very critical task [2]. For
must do the following: the production of factor different mathematical functions are
a. Randomly and secretly select two large prime numbers p used.The mathematical function generates strong pairs of (P,
and q both are prime but p! =q. Q). The P and Q are prime factor of given number. The
b. Compute the N = p*q. main weakness static password is that if it is simple, it can
c. Compute Euler Totient function phi (N) = (p-1) (q-1). be easily attacked by Trojan attacks, password attacks, or by
d. Select random integer e, 1<e<N simply guessing it. A static password is a usual way that a
e. Compute the secret exponent d, 1 < d < phi, such that ed user authenticates when logging in to a service is needed.
=1(mod (phi)) The password is usually a secret word or phrase picked by
f. The public key is (N, e) and the private key is (N, d). the user and used together with the user's username. It can
Keep all the values d, p, q and phi secret. N is known as the be used when logging into your personal computer, an e-
modulus. mail system, an online community, etc. Cloud computing
e is known as the public exponent or encryption exponent or security should be very secure and reliable otherwise the
just the exponent. d is known as the secret exponent or people confidential information will get compromised.
decryption exponent People Still Using the same passwords to access the
different accounts on the cloud which is very insecure and
An algorithm for attacking RSA scheme based on the third party cloud computing service providers are not
knowing public key (e, n) work efficiently if the decryption providing proper security about static passwords. This is the
key d is small. This algorithm divide Fermat Factorization big disadvantage of the cloud computing environment
method in two part first is, factorize number with respect because the static password can be attacked by unauthorized
floor function of square root of N, to get maximum factors user and account information can be easily taken by hackers.
that are neighbor to the (N) , second is if don't get positive Some problems are given below
integer value of square root , then sequence between 1. Length of factor
floor(N) to N. An innovative technique has been 2. Factional part of factor
introduced, to factorize RSA modulus N. This was 3. Strength of factor
established on Trial Division method and customs simple 4. Prime factorization
arithmetic operations for finding the factors which are 5. Computational complexity
nearby to N.

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_______________________________________________________________________________________
International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 5 1227 - 1231
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
4. PROPOSED METHOD AND MODEL were tested on Intel core-i5 PC 2.50 GHz with 4 GB RAM
In this section, we will discuss the improved algorithm of under Microsoft Windows-8.1 Pro 32-bit using Dot Net. The
RSA factor generation using the interpolation derivatives original and modified Factorization method implementations
and algorithm. The interpolation derivates derived the input are shown in Fig 2.
message regarding data and create a variable size matrix for
the processing of input data of through Lagranges
interpolation and generate P and Q Prime Factor.

Lagrange Interpolation Algorithm:

1 Read x, n
2 for i=1 to (n+1) in steps of 1 do Read xi, fi endfor
//The above statement reads xis and the corresponding
values of fis.
3 sum0
4 for i=1 to (n+1) in steps of 1 do
5 prodfunc1
6 for j=1 to (n+1) in steps of 1 do
7 If (ji) then
Prodfuncprodfunc (x-xj)/(xi-xj)
endfor Figure 2: the TDF method button of modified trial division
8 sumsum+fi prodfunc factor for RSA algorithm
//sum is the value of f at x
endfor
9 Write x, sum
10 Stop

Algorithm for Lagranges interpolation for key factor:

Input: Real Positive integer number N
Output: Factors of N
1. define the rand function for the coordinate
generation of point x1,x2,x3,x4..xn
2. enter the positive number
3. if N<1 then goto step 2
4. Rand(N) // random point creation for coordinate
system
5. Sum of point p coordinate in alternate axial Figure 3: KNJ method button of modified trial division
6. If P divided N then factor for RSA algorithm
7. Return P,N/p
8. End if

5. TESTING AND ANALYSIS

The generation and security strength of RSA key
cryptography depend on the estimation of key factor value.
If the key factor value is the week it is easily breakable by
third party and hacker. For the enhancement of key factor,
various authors used various multiplication and interpolation
derivate. The Modified Trial Division Algorithm Using
Lagranges Interpolation, gives better results as compared
the Trial-Division method using KNJ Factorization method.
The Lagranges Interpolation Factorization method provides
Figure 4: method button of modified trial division factor for
efficient results with the minimum number of time. Hence it
RSA algorithm
reduces the time complexity and increases the speed of the
computation. The Trial-Division,KNJ, and LIF algorithm
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_______________________________________________________________________________________
International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 5 1227 - 1231
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
6. RESULT some of the results of this algorithm with Trial-Division and
There are many factoring algorithms that are developed in KNJ.
the research area of RSA, but we equated and compared

Table 1: Result table shows the number value of N, a factor of N and taken time using TDF, KNJ, LIF Methods in our Modified
Trial Division Algorithm, using Lagrange's Interpolation Method to factorize RSA Public Key Encryption.

N Factorization Time Time Time

Execution in Execution Execution in
TDF in KNJ LIF
55 11*5
00.0037423 0.0041254 00.0000008

1943 67*29
00.0010952 0.0048015 00.0000008

998299 1213*823
00.0033018 0.0047859 00.0000004

85928201 9817*8753
00.0946525 0.0043368 00.0000004

1323172573 47591*27803
01.8576520 0.0047592 00.0000004

Even though the number of digits in N is increased; the better prime value and minimum period. In future increase,
proposed algorithm takes less time to compute the factors of the duration of integer and reduces the time complexity.
N as compared to the Modified Trial Division Algorithm
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International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication ISSN: 2321-8169
Volume: 5 Issue: 5 1227 - 1231
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