Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 Structure {Paper02} [MRSM10-05a] (a) Diagram 5.1 shows a reaction between lithium and chlorine gas. Chlorine gas Gas klorin Burning lithium Litium yang terbakar Diagram 5.1 (i) Write a chemical equation for the reaction. [1M] (ii) State the changes in oxidation number for chlorine. [1M] (iii) Explain why lithium acts as the reducing agent in terms of electron transfer. [1M] [MRSM10-05b] (b) Diagram 5.2 shows the addition of bromine water into a test tube containing potassium iodide solution until in excess. Bromine water Air bromin Potassium io lution Larutan kalium iodida Diagram 5.2 (i) A small amount of 1,1,1-trichloroethane liquid is added to the product in the test tube and the mixture is shaken. What is the colour of 1,1,1-trichloroethane layer? [1M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 209 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 ~ RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 (ii) Write the ionic equation for the reaction between bromine and potassium iodide solution. [1M] (iii) What is the role of bromine water in this reaction? [1M] [SBPTrial10-05] Diagram 5 shows an experiment of displacement of halogen from its halide solution. Chlorine water Air kiorin Potassium bromide solution Larutan kalium bromide Aqueous layer Add 11,1 ~trichloroethane Lapisan akueus [a Tambah 11,1 - trikloroetana _—X layer |} Lapisan X Diagram 5 (a) (i) State an observation for the reaction in the test tube before 1,1,1-trichloroethane is added [1M] (ii) State the name of the substance that is oxidized [1M] (iii)Write the oxidation reaction equation for this reaction. [2M] (b) After 1,1,1-trichloroethane is added into the test tube, state the colour of X layer [1M] (c) Name the oxidising agent for this reaction and give reason in terms of electron transfer. [2M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 210 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 ~ RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation (a) State the change of oxidation number for chlorine water. [1M] ChemQuest 2012 (e) State another reagent that can replace chlorine water. [1M] (f) By using suitable chemical substance and apparatus, draw a labelled diagram to show the transfer of electron at a distance. [2M] [SPM03-05] Diagram 5 shows the setup of apparatus to investigate the rea test tubes P and Q. ctions that take place in Bromine water ° Ferum(ID) — sulphate solution ‘Test whe P Test tube Q Diagram 5 Copper(I) sulphate solution Magnesium ribbon (a) State the observation for the reaction (i) is test tube P. [1M] (ii) is test tube Q. [1M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com au ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 (b) Write the ionic equation for the reaction in (a)(i). [1M] (c) State what is meant by oxidizing agent in terms of electron transfer. [1M] (d) deferring to the reaction that takes place in test tube p. (i) What is the change in the oxidation number of magnesium? [1M] (ii) State the oxidation number of bromine in bromine water. [1M] (iii) What is the function of bromine water? [1M] (iv) Name another reagent that can replace bromine water. [1M] [MRSM11-04] Diagram 4 shows the apparatus set-up of an experiment to investigate the redox reaction between acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution and iron(II) sulphate solution. Carbon A Karbon A Carbon B Karbon B Iron(I1) sulphate solution Acidified potassium Larutan ferum(I) sulfat Larutan kalium manganat(VI1) berasid Dilute sulphuric acid Asid sulfurik cair Diagram 4 (a) What is meant by redox reaction? [1M] (b) Show the direction of the flow of electrons in Diagram 4. [1M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 212 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 (q Calculate the oxidation number of manganese in MnO+ ion. [2M] (d) State the type of reaction that occurs at carbon A. [1M] (e) Be d on the reaction that takes place at carbon B : (i) Write the chemical formula of iron(II) sulphate. [1M] (ii) State the colour change of the solution after 30 minutes. [1M] (iii) Write the half equation for the reaction. [1M] (iv) Describe a chemical test to confirm the product formed at carbon B. [2M] [SPM11-06] Diagram 6 shows the apparatus set-up for an experiment to investigate electron transfer at a distance in redox reactions. x[_Carbon Karbon Acidified potassium dichromate(VD solution Larutan kalium dikromat(V) berasid Iron(I sulphate solution Larutan ferum( Ul) sulfat Dilute sulphuric acid Asid sulfurik cair Diagram 6 www cikguadura.wordpress.com 213 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 (a). State the colour of iron(II} sulphate solution. [1M] (b) When the circuit is completed, the galvanometer shows a deflection. (i). Write the half-equation for the reaction at X. [1M] (ii). State the type of reaction in 6(b)(1). [1M] (d) Table 6 shows a list of apparatus and materials. Apparatus and Mate: Porous pot Carbon electrodes + Beaker + Bromine water Connecting wires _| + Potassium iodide solution + Galvanometer Table 6 Draw one labelled diagram to show the apparatus set-up to investigate electron transfer at a distance. The diagram must include the apparatus and materials given in Table 6. Mark in the diagram the positive and negative terminals of the cell. [3M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com ai ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 [SBPtrial09-06] (a) Diagram 6.1 shows the apparatus set-up of an experiment to investigate the transfer of electrons at a distance. ©} Carbon X Carbon Y Acidified potassium manganate(VI1) Tron (II) sulphate solution : @) mp solution Dilute sulphuric (i) State the name of the oxidizing agent in this reaction. [1M] (ii) Referring to the reaction that takes place at carbon X: Write the half equation for the reaction. [1M] (iii) State one observation that occurred. [1M] (iv) Show the direction of the electron flow in Diagram 6.1. [1M] (v) Referring to the reaction that takes place at carbon Y, calculate the oxidation number of manganese in MnO-. [2M] (b)Diagram 6.2 shows the apparatus set-up to investigate the displacement of halogen from its halide solution. Chlorine water was added to a test tube containing a potassium iodide solution and organic solvent, 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Chlorine water Potassium iodide Shake solution Brown solution 1,1, |-trichloroethane pean www ciguadura.wordpress.com 215 Adura Aclin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 (i) Write the ionic equation for the reaction. [1M] (ii) What is the function of chlorine water? [1M] (iii) State the change of oxidation number for iodine. [1M] (iv) State the name of another reagent that can replace chlorine water. [1M] [MRSM09-06] (a) Diagram 6.1 shows the apparatus set up to investigate the transfer of electrons at a distance between potassium iodide solution and acidified potassium manganate(VIl) solution. After a few minutes, colourless solution turns brown at electrode R. Potassium icdide Acidified potassium manganate (VID Kalium todida P eee a | — Kalium manganat{Vii) berasid Sulphuric acid Asid sulfiertk (i) Name the product formed at electrode R. [1M] (ii) Complete the half equation for the reaction at electrode S. [1M] MnOs + Ht + e > Mn* + 0... HO (iii) State the change in oxidation number of manganese and name the process that occurs at S. [2M] Change in oxidation number : Name of process : .. www cikguadura.wordpress.com 216 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 ~ RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 (iv) Suggest a substance that can replace potassium iodide solution in order to obtain the same reaction. [1M] (b) Diagram 6.2 shows the setup of the apparatus to investigate the reactivity of metals J, K and L. The different metals are heated consecutively. ‘Metal powder Glass wool Serbuk logam Kapas kaca Sold potassium manzenat (VII) Fepejal kalsan mangana? (V1) Heat srongyy Heat Panaskan kat Panaskan Table 6.1 shows the observation of the experiment. : Colour of residue Metal Observations ‘Hot Cold J___| Burns brighth [Yellow |" White K__| Glows dimly Black | Black L__ | Burns with a very bright flame | White | White Table 6.1 (i) Name metal J. [1M] (ii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between metal J and oxygen. [1M] (iii) Based on the observation in Table 6.1, arrange metals J, K and L in ascending order of reactivity towards oxygen. [1M] iv) A mixture of metal J and oxide of metal L is heated strongly. Predict an observation and explain your answer. [2M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 217 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 [MRsM06-05] Diagram 5 shows the apparatus set-up for a reaction involving the transfer of electron at a distance between potassium iodide solution and bromine water. Potassium iodide '— Bromine water Sulphuric Acids Diagram 5 Referring to the above reaction, answer the following questions: (a) State the colour of bromine water. [1M] (b) Name the substance that is oxidised in the reaction. [1M] (c} State the direction of the flow of electrons. [1M] (d) State the change in oxidation number for (i) iodine. vow [IM] (ii) bromine eee [IM] (e) Write the overall ionic equation for the reaction. [1M] ( A brown solution is formed around electrode P. (i) Explain briefly how you verify its identity. [2M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 218 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007ChemQuest 2012 Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation (ii) Explain how the solution is produced. [2M] (g) What can be observed on the reading of the galvanometer if the bromine water at Q is replaced with chlorine water? [1M] [MRSM05-06] Diagram 6 shows the set- up of apparatus to investigate the reactions that occur in cell A and cell B copper aqueous aqueous electrodes potassium potassium manganate(VID iodide, 0.5 0.5 mole dmx? mole dm? aqueous copper(I) sulphate 0.5 mole dm Diagram 6 (a) Half-cell reaction in cell A is represented by a half-equation, MnO, + 8H* + Se + Mn + 4H20. (i) State the energy change that occurs in cell A. [1M] (ii) State one observation at Q electrode. [1M] 219 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007 www cikguadura.wordpress.comChapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 (iii) Write the half equation for the reaction at Q electrode. [1M] (b) Referring to cell B; (i) State one observation at R electrode. [1M] (ii) What was observed in the change of intensity of blue aqueous copper(tl) sulphate? Explain your answer. [2M] (iii) Write the overall equation for the reaction in cell B [1M] (c) On Diagram 6, mark the direction of electron flow between cells A and B.[1M] (d) (i) What would be observed on the reading of the galvanometer if the experiment is repeated by replacing dilute sulphuric acid in cell A with etrachloromethane? [1M] (ii) Give your reason for the answer given in d{i) [1M] (e) If copper electrodes R and S were replaced with carbon (graphite) electrodes, what could be observed at S electrode? [1M] [MRSM10-05c] (c) Diagram 5.3 shows the set-up of apparatus for an experiment to compare the reactivity of reactions between metal oxides and hydrogen gas. Metal oxide powder Serbuk oksida logam ‘ Dry hydrogen gas _, gp 1 Z Gas hidrogen kering » 1 www cikguadura.wordpress.com 220 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 ~ RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 Table 5 shows the result of the experiment: Experiment Result Hydrogen + oxide of metal J | Metal oxide powder glows brightly. Black powder turned brown. Hydrogen + oxide of metal T_ | No reaction. Powder turns yellow when hot and white when cold. Hydrogen + magnesium oxide | No reaction. White powder remained. ( Suggest a name for metal T. [1M] (ii) Arrange the reactivity of J, T, Magnesium and Hydrogen in ascending order. [1M] (iii) Based on the observations, explain how you obtain the arrangement in (ii). [3M] [MRSM05-03] Diagram 4 shows the set- up of apparatus for the Thermit reaction between aluminium and iron (III) oxide to produce iron metal and aluminium oxide. __———— _ Magnesium strip Mixture of magnesium powder and barium peroxide Mixture of aluminium powder and iron(II) oxide Basin filled with sand Diagram 4 Based on this Thermit reaction, (a) Name the types of reaction that occurs. [1M] (b) (i) State the function of aluminium powder. [1M] ‘wow cikguadura. wordpress.com 2a ‘Adura Aalin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 (ii) Explain your answer in b(i) [1M] (c) (i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between aluminium and iron(II) oxide. [1M] (ii) Calculate the maximum mass of iron produced if 4.0 g of iron({III) oxide react with excess aluminium powder. [3M] [Relative atomic mass: Fe=56, Al=27, O=16] (d) In industry, iron is extracted from its ore using carbon or hydrogen gas. (i) Give one reason why Thermit reaction is not used in industry for the extraction of iron from its ore. [1M] (ii) Explain why carbon or hydrogen is suitable to be used extensively for the extraction of iron in industry. [2M] [SPM0s-06] Table 6 shows the descriptions and observations for two experiments, I and II. Experiment | Description I Observation Electrolysis of | mol dm I Sodium sulphate solution using carbon electrodes. Gas bubbles are released at the anode and cathode Combustion of 1.2g of 0 magnesium powder in excess oxygen. Glaring white flame is seen and white powder is formed www cikguadura.wordpress.com 222 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 ~ RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 (a) Based on Experiment I: (i) Draw the setup of the apparatus to carry out this experiment. In your diagram show how the products at the anode and cathode are collected. [3 M] (ii) State how you would verify that the gas released at the cathode is hydrogen. [1M] (iii) Explain how hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode. [3M] (b) Based on Experiment II: (i) The white powder formed is magnesium oxide. Write the formula for magnesium oxide. [1M] (ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction that takes places. [1M] (iii) State the oxidation number for each of the elements in magnesium oxide. [1M] [SPM07-06] Iron is metal that rust easily. (a){i) State the condition for the rusting of iron.[1M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 228 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 ~ RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 (ii)Draw a labelled diagram to show the conditions for the rusting of iron involve the ionization of iron and the flow of electron. [ 3 M] (b)(i) Describe the reactions that take place at the edge of water droplet (positive terminal) during the rusting of iron after the Fe+ and OH: ions are formed. [3M] (ii)State the change in the oxidation number of iron in 6(b)(i). [1 M] (c) Diagram 6 shows the use of zinc plates on an iron ship to prevent rusting. Zine plate Kepingan zink Diagram 6 (i) Explain how the zine plates protect the iron ship from rusting. [2 M] (ii) Write the half equation for the reaction in 6(¢)(i). [1M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 24 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 Essay (Paper02} [SBPtrial04-10] {Translate} (a) Displacement reaction of metal as redox reaction. By using the suitable example, explain the statement above from based on [4M] (i) Transfers of electrons (ii) Changing of oxidation of number (by) Test Tube A Test Tube B Iron nail coils Iron nail coils with magnesium with copper ‘The arrangement of apparatus above is the experiment to determine the effect of other metal in rusting of iron. Explain why the iron nail in the test A not rust but the iron nail in the test B is rusting. [10M] (ii) Give two other ways to prevent rusting of iron nail. [2M] 00000 aDaZ O0oo0-- [SBPtrial05-08] {Translate} A students has do two experiment by using the acidified potassium manganate(IV) solution into the iron(II) sulphate and potassium iodide separately. (a) State the observation into three of the solutions in the both of experiment was done. [3M] (b) Determine the oxidation number for manganese in the potassium manganate(VI)). [2M] (c) Choose one of the experiments above, explain the redox reactions based on changing of oxidation numbers. In your answer, include the half equation for the reactions. [6M] (d) By using the chemical substance, materials and apparatus from the experiment above, describe one experiment used the transaction of electrons in a distance to produce the electrical energy. In your answer, include the diagram of apparatus set-up for the experiment and explain how the electrical energy was produce. [9M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 225 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 [SBPtrial06-09] {Translate} Redox reaction involve the transfers of electrons and the changing of number of oxidation of substance (a) What mean by the oxidation and reduction based on electrons transfer. [2M] (b) Neutralisation reaction is not redox reactions. By choose one example of neutralisation, prove the statement above based on the changing of oxidation number. [4M] (c) Based redox reaction, the iron(II) ion can be change to iron({II) ion. By using suitable substance, describe the experiment how the changing above can be done. In your explanation, include the observation, ionic equation, redox reaction involve and state how your confirm the product produce. [14M] --00000 aDaZ OOoo0-- [MRsM10-084] (dq The following equations show two redox reactions involving iron(II) ion, Fe2+. I 2 Fes + Bn > 2Fee + 2Br I Fe + an gene) + Zn* Compare the role of Fe ion in both reactions. Explain your answer. [6 marks] ---00000 aDaZ OO0oo0-- [SBPtrial07-09] (a) Define oxidation and reduction in term of changes in oxidation number. [2M] (b) Based on electron transfer, explain the oxidation and reduction reaction in (i) changing of Fe ions to Fe* ions (ii) changing of Fe** ions to Fe ions Use a suitable example for each of the reaction. Include half equations in your answers. [8M] () Electrical energy can be produced by redox reaction. Describe an experiment to prove the above statement by the transfer of electrons at a distance. In your description, include [10M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 226 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 ~ RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 . labelled diagram which shows the setup of apparatus . procedure of experiment . observations at both electrodes --00000 aDaZ OOoo0-- [MRSM08-09] (a) Tin is used to electroplate food can in industries. Explain why food in a dented can should not be consumed. [4M] (b) Diagram 9 shows two electrolytic cells using different electrodes. | I I Carbon x abn y Pe silver Ip stver Agostini Silver nitrate ‘agoneine Diagram 9.1 Compare and contrast Cell I and Cell Il Your answer should include observation and half equation for the reaction at both electrodes. [6M] The displacement of iodine, ; from potassium iodide, KI solution is a redox reaction (c) Based on the above statement, describe an experiment to verify the reaction that occurred is a redox reaction. [10M] * In your description, include * Procedure © Confirmatory test * Explanation on oxidation and reduction processes o Tonic equation --00000 aDaZ OOoo0-- [MRSM07-09] (a) The following equations represent two chemical reactions, I. AgNOs(aq) + NaClfaq) -- > AgCl(s) + NaNOs(aq) Il. Zn{s) + CuSO,{aq) --> ZnSO,(aq) + Cu (s) www cikguadura.wordpress.com 227 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 Based on the equations, determine whether the reaction is a redox reaction. Explain your answer. [4M] (b). Diagram 9 shows a cross section of two iron bars, P and Q which are plated by zinc and tin layers respectively. Diagram 9 Explain how zinc and tin layers in P and Q protect the iron bars from corrosion. Determine which iron bar is more protected from corrosion. [6M] (c) Fe** ion can be oxidized to Fe** ion while Fe** ion can be reduced to Fe?* ion as. shown in the following half-equations. Fer --> Fe + ec Fe + e -> Fe% Design an experiment to show how these two changes can be carried out. Your answer should consist of the following: [10M] Chemicals required Procedure of the experiment Observation Overall chemical equation involved in the reaction ---00000 aDaZ OOoo0-- [SBPtrialo8-10] (a) Define oxidation and reduction in terms of transfer of electrons. [2M] (b) The chemical equation below shows the reaction between metal W and copper(I) nitrate solution , Cu(NOs)2. Wis} + CulNOs)2 (aq) = Cu (s) + W(NOs}2(aq) (i) Suggest a metal of W. [1M] (ii) State three information from the above equation which are related to the position of metal W and copper, Cu in the electrochemical series of metal. [3M] (iil) Based on the above equation, explain the redox reaction in term of the change of oxidation number. [4M] (c) The position of carbon is above metal X and below metal Y in the Reactivity Series of metal. www cikguadura.wordpress.com 228 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 ~ RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 You are provided with oxide of metal X (XO), oxide of metal ¥ (Y20s), carbon powder and apparatus needed. Describe an experiment to verify the above statement. Your answer should consist of the following: [10M] * Diagram showing the setup of apparatus * Procedure of the experiment * Observation * Chemical equation. [MRSM04-10] (a) The iron grills of houses situated near beaches become rusty easier than those situated away from beaches. Explain this phenomenon. [2M] (b) Diagram 7 shows the changes undergoes by iron (Il) ion. Step I Fe Diagram 7 Complete the flow chart by using named reagent to show the changes in step I, Il and IIL Include the observation and ionic equations for each step. [9M] (c) Blectric energy can be produced by chemical reactions. Design an experiment to produce electric energy from the transfer of electrons at a distance using the chemicals listed below. List of chemicals: * Potassium iodide solution * Potassium permanganate solution * Dilute sulphuric acid Include the diagram for the apparatus set ~ up and ionic equations in your answer. [9M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 29 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 [SBPtrial11-10] (a) Iron gates of houses situated near industrial areas becomes rusty faster than those situated far from industrial areas. Explain this phenomenon. [2M] (b) Diagram 10.1 shows the chemical equation for Reaction I and Reaction II, Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan persamaan kimia bagi Tindak balas I dan Tindak balas II. Reaction I: HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) > NaCl + H,0 Reaction II: Mg (s) + CuSO; (aq) MgSOs + Cu Diagram 10.1 Based on the chemical equations in Diagram 10, determine whether the reaction is redox reaction. Explain your answer. [4M] (c) Diagram 10.2 shows the changes involving iron, iron(II) ion and iron(II) ions. tep I 2+ Step II 3+ Fe LangkahT Fe |*™unghah Fe Diagram 10.2 By referring to Diagram 10.2, suggest a suitable chemical substance to carry out the changes in Steps | and Il. Your answers should include the observation for each of the step involved, [4M] (d) The following statement is about redox reaction A redox reaction can occur between a reducing agent and oxidising agent without in contact with one another. By using potassium iodide solution, dilute sulphuric acid and a suitable oxidising agent, describe an experiment to verify the above statement. Your answer should consist of the following ; [10M] Labeled diagram Procedure Half-equations involved Observations www cikguadura.wordpress.com 230 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 [SPMO9-09] (a) Diagram 9 shows the apparatus and observations for a redox reaction between iron (Il) chloride solution and a metal. E Yellow solution of iron(II1) chloride Larutan kuning | _Green solution ferum( {Ml Klorida Larutan hijau Metal Logam At the beginning of the experiment After 30 minutes Di awal eksperimen Selepas 30 minit Based on the observation shown in diagram 9, suggest a suitable metal to be used in this experiment. Predict the ion present in the green solution and explain the answer based on the following aspects: * The change in oxidation number for both the reactants * The type of reaction that has occurred to each reactant * The role of each reactant in the redox reaction * The half equations involved in the redox reaction (b) Iodide ions are good reducing agent You are given the following apparatus: U-tube, galvanometer, connecting wires, stopper, dropper, carbon electrodes and retort stand with clamps. Suggest a suitable chemical and describe an experiment to verily the above statement using the given apparatus. [10 M] ---00000 aDaZ O0oo0-- [SPM08-09] (a) A metal M reacts with oxygen to form an oxide. The oxide is very soluble in water to produce an alkaline solution. Suggest the identity of metal M and describe an observation when the metal you have named reacts with oxygen. Write the half equation for oxidation and reduction for the reaction. [4M] (b) Diagram 9 shows an apparatus set-up investigate the eflect of two different metals, X and Y on the rusting of iron, Fe. www cikguadura.wordpress.com 231 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 ~ RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 Tron nail Metal X Gelatin + Potassium I Metal Y hexacyanoferrate (III) ; are Diagram 9 The result of this experiment after three days is shown in Table 9. Pair of metals | Observation Fe, X Dark blue colour Fe, ¥ No change Table 9 Based on Table 9, suggest the identity of metals, X and Y. Give two reasons for each of your choices. [6 M] (c) Iron (Il) ions can be converted to iron (Ill) ions and iron (III) ions can be converted back to iron (Il) ions. By using a named metal as a reducing agent and a named halogen as an oxidising agent, describe briefly how you would carry out these two conversions. Describe a test to show that each conversion has taken place. [10 M] ---00000 aDaZ OOoo0-- [SPM0s-09] (a) You have an iron key that rusts easily. State how you would solve this problem using an electrolysis proce: [4M] (b) Electrolysis is carried out on a dilute sodium chloride solution using carbon electrodes. Explain how this electrolysis occurs. Use a labelled diagram to explain your answer. [6M] (c) Aluminium is placed above zinc in the electrochemical seri Aluminium and zinc can be used to build a chemical cell, using suitable apparatus and the following chemicals: Aluminium sulphate solution Zine sulphate solution Sulphuric acid solution Describe how you build this chemical cell. Include a labelled diagram in your answer. On your diagram, mark the direction of the electron flow, the positive terminal and negative terminal. [10M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 232 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 - RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 [SPM04-10] (a) Explain what is meant by redox reaction using a chemical equation. [2M] (b) Table 4 shows the result of two experiments to study the effect on the rusting of iron. [8M] s of metals P and Q Experiment Observation ixperiment I Hot agar solution containing, potassium 4 -yanoferrate I) and 7 phenolphthalein Blue spots formed in the agar “| Iron nail ——— Metal P Experiment IT Hot agar solution ) , containing potassium: 7, wexacyanotorrate( IID) and phenolphthalein Pink spots formed in the agar Iron nail Metal Q Table 4 (i) Explain why there is a difference in observation in Experiments I and Il. (ii) Arrange in descending order metals P, iron and Q based on the electropositivity of the metals (c) You are provided with strips of metals W, X, Y and Z and their salts solutions. Describe how you would show that the order of these metals in the electrochemical series is W, X, Y and Z in descending order of electropositivity. Your explanation should include observations and conclusions. [10M] --00000 aDaZ O0o00-- [SPM06-07] (a) The following are the formulae of two compounds. Al,O, Cu,O (i) Based on the two formulae, state the oxidation number for aluminium and copper. [2M] (ii) Name both the compounds based on the IUPAC nomenclature system. [2M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 233 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 12 ~ RedOX - Reduction and Oxidation ChemQuest 2012 (iii) Explain the difference between the names of the two compounds based on the IUPAC nomenclature system. [2M] (b) Diagram 7 shows the setup of the apparatus for an experiment to investigate electron transfer through a solution. Graphite electrode Graphite electrode (Negative terminal) (Positive terminal) Iron(It) sulphate — F— Acidic solution, FeSO, potassium manganate(VII) solution, KMnO, Dilute sulphuric acid, H,S0, Diagram 7 (i) Name the oxidation agent in the experiment. [1M] (ii) Write the half equations for the reactions that occur at the negative and positive terminals. [5M] (iii) Based on your answer in 7(b)(ii), describe the oxidation and reduction process in terms of the electron transfer that occurs at the negative and positive terminals. State also the changes that can be observed after 10 minutes. [8M] www cikguadura.wordpress.com 284 ‘dura Aclin Ishak | Upslate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007