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Antoine Equation

This document demonstrates applications of Antoine's equation for vapor pressure calculations. It shows how to compute saturation pressure and temperature at different conditions using the equation and defines normal boiling point.

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276 views4 pages

Antoine Equation

This document demonstrates applications of Antoine's equation for vapor pressure calculations. It shows how to compute saturation pressure and temperature at different conditions using the equation and defines normal boiling point.

Uploaded by

mil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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10/27/2014 Antoine's Equation

Antoine'sEquation

Antoine'sequationforthevaporpressureofapurecomponentisgivenby

ThisMatlabscriptdemonstratestypicalprocessengineeringapplicationsandcalculationsusingAntoine'sequation.

Contents
Computingthesaturationpressureofwaterat100C
ImplementingAntoine'sequationasananonymousfunction
Plottingsaturationpressureasafunctionoftemperature
NormalBoilingPoint
WhatistheboilingtemperatureofwateronMountEverest?
Implementingafunctiontocomputesaturationtemperature.
Exercise
Exercises

Computingthesaturationpressureofwaterat100C

% Step 1. Get the constants A, B, and C for water in the appropriate


% temperature range.

A = 7.96681;
B = 1668.21;
C = 228.0;

% Step 2. Compute the saturation pressure.

T = 100;
Psat = 10^(A - B/(T + C));

% Step 3. Report the results

disp(['Saturation pressure of water at ',num2str(T),' deg C is ',num2str(Psat),' mmHg.']);

Saturation pressure of water at 100 deg C is 759.983 mmHg.

ImplementingAntoine'sequationasananonymousfunction
MatlabanonymousfunctionsareaveryusefulwaytoimplementsimpleformulasinMatlab.Learningtouseanonymous
functionsisabigsteptowardsmasteringMatlabforroutineengineeringcalculations.

Psat = @(T) 10^(7.96681 - 1668.21/(T + 228.0));

T = 100;

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10/27/2014 Antoine's Equation
disp(['Saturation pressure of water at ',num2str(T),' deg C is ',num2str(Psat(T)),' mmHg.']
);

Saturation pressure of water at 100 deg C is 759.983 mmHg.

Plottingsaturationpressureasafunctionoftemperature

T = linspace(0,150,100);
semilogy(T,arrayfun(Psat,T));
xlabel('Temperature [C]');
ylabel('Vapor Pressure [mmHg]');

NormalBoilingPoint
Thenormalboilingpointofasubstanceisthetemperatureatwhichthesaturationpressureisequalto1atmosphere(or
760mmHg).

% Step 1. Create a function that will have a value of zero at the desired
% temperature.

f = @(T) 760 - Psat(T);

% Step 2. Use the Matlab function fzero to solve for the desired
% temperature.

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10/27/2014 Antoine's Equation
Tboil = fzero(f,[0 150]);

% Step 3. Display the result.

disp(['Normal boiling point of water is ',num2str(Tboil),' deg C.']);

Normal boiling point of water is 100.0006 deg C.

WhatistheboilingtemperatureofwateronMountEverest?
TheatmosphericpressureonthetopofMt.Everestisabout260mmHg.

P = 260;
f = @(T) P - Psat(T);
Tboil = fzero(f,[0 150]);
disp(['Temperature of boiling water on Mt. Everest is ',num2str(Tboil), ' deg C']);

Temperature of boiling water on Mt. Everest is 72.4789 deg C

Implementingafunctiontocomputesaturationtemperature.
Thetaskofcomputingthetemperaturecorrespondingtosaturationpressurecanbeimplementedusinganonymous
functions.We'lluseittocomputetheboilingpointofwaterinDenverwherethebarometricpressureis621mmHg.

Tsat = @(P) fzero(@(T) P - Psat(T),100);

disp(['Temperature of boiling water in Denver is ',num2str(Tsat(621)), ' deg C']);

Temperature of boiling water in Denver is 94.4393 deg C

Exercise
ThedeepestpointinLakeSuperioris406meters.Assumingthedensityofwateris1.0g/ml,whatisthepressureatthe
depth?Whatistheboilingpointofwateratthatpressure?

% Step 1. Compute the pressure in Pascals

P = (101325 + 406*1000*9.8);

% Step 2. Convert to mmHg

P = 760*P/101325;

disp(['Pressure at the bottom Lake Superior is ',num2str(P/760),' atm.']);

% Step 3. Compute the saturation pressure

disp(['At the bottom of Lake Superior ']);


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10/27/2014 Antoine's Equation
disp([' the pressure is ',num2str(P/760),' atm.']);
disp([' the temperature of boiling water is ',num2str(Tsat(P)), ' deg C']);

Pressure at the bottom Lake Superior is 40.2677 atm.


At the bottom of Lake Superior
the pressure is 40.2677 atm.
the temperature of boiling water is 251.2275 deg C

Exercises
1. Whatisthenormalboilingofmethanol?
2. Youobservethatfoghasformedonacoolfallmorningatatemperatureof55degF.Whatisthevaporpressureof
water?

PublishedwithMATLABR2014b

file:///Users/jeff/Dropbox/Git/CBE20255/matlab/html/Antoine_Equation.html 4/4

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