Engr354: Digital Logic Circuits

VHDL Code Examples

Dr Curtis Nelson

VHDL Code for a 2-to-1 Mux

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY mux2to1 IS
PORT ( w0, w1, s : IN STD_LOGIC ;
f : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END mux2to1 ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF mux2to1 IS

BEGIN
WITH s SELECT
f <= w0 WHEN '0',
w1 WHEN OTHERS ;
END Behavior ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 1

 VHDL Using Conditional Signal Assignments

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY mux2to1 IS
PORT ( w0, w1, s : IN STD_LOGIC ;
f : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END mux2to1 ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF mux2to1 IS

BEGIN
f <= w0 WHEN s = '0' ELSE w1 ;
END Behavior ;

VHDL Code for a 4-to-1 Mux

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY mux4to1 IS
PORT ( w0, w1, w2, w3 : IN STD_LOGIC ;
s : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(1 DOWNTO 0) ;
f : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END mux4to1 ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF mux4to1 IS

BEGIN
WITH s SELECT
f <= w0 WHEN "00",
w1 WHEN "01",
w2 WHEN "10",
w3 WHEN OTHERS ;
END Behavior ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 2

 Component Declaration for 4-to-1 Mux

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;
PACKAGE mux4to1_package IS
COMPONENT mux4to1
PORT ( w0, w1, w2, w3 : IN STD_LOGIC ;
s : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(1 DOWNTO 0) ;
f : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END COMPONENT ;
END mux4to1_package ;

Hierarchical Code for a 16-to-1 Mux

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;
LIBRARY work ;
USE work.mux4to1_package.all ;

ENTITY mux16to1 IS
PORT ( w : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(0 TO 15) ;
s : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0) ;
f : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END mux16to1 ;

ARCHITECTURE Structure OF mux16to1 IS

SIGNAL m : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(0 TO 3) ;
BEGIN
Mux1: mux4to1 PORT MAP ( w(0), w(1), w(2), w(3), s(1 DOWNTO 0), m(0) ) ;
Mux2: mux4to1 PORT MAP ( w(4), w(5), w(6), w(7), s(1 DOWNTO 0), m(1) ) ;
Mux3: mux4to1 PORT MAP ( w(8), w(9), w(10), w(11), s(1 DOWNTO 0), m(2) ) ;
Mux4: mux4to1 PORT MAP ( w(12), w(13), w(14), w(15), s(1 DOWNTO 0), m(3) ) ;
Mux5: mux4to1 PORT MAP
( m(0), m(1), m(2), m(3), s(3 DOWNTO 2), f ) ;
END Structure ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 3

 Code for a 2-to-4 Decoder

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY dec2to4 IS
PORT ( w : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(1 DOWNTO 0) ;
En : IN STD_LOGIC ;
y : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(0 TO 3) ) ;
END dec2to4 ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF dec2to4 IS

SIGNAL Enw : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(2 DOWNTO 0) ;
BEGIN
Enw <= En & w ;
WITH Enw SELECT
y <= "1000" WHEN "100",
"0100" WHEN "101",
"0010" WHEN "110",
"0001" WHEN "111",
"0000" WHEN OTHERS ;
END Behavior ;

Hierarchical Code for a 4-to-16 Decoder

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY dec4to16 IS
PORT ( w : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0) ;
En : IN STD_LOGIC ;
y : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(0 TO 15) ) ;
END dec4to16 ;

ARCHITECTURE Structure OF dec4to16 IS

COMPONENT dec2to4
PORT ( w : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(1 DOWNTO 0) ;
En : IN STD_LOGIC ;
y : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(0 TO 3) ) ;
END COMPONENT ;
SIGNAL m : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(0 TO 3) ;
BEGIN
G1: FOR i IN 0 TO 3 GENERATE
Dec_ri: dec2to4 PORT MAP ( w(1 DOWNTO 0), m(i), y(4*i TO 4*i+3) );
G2: IF i=3 GENERATE
Dec_left: dec2to4 PORT MAP ( w(i DOWNTO i-1), En, m ) ;
END GENERATE ;
END GENERATE ;
END Structure ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 4

 VHDL Code for a Priority Encoder

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY priority IS
PORT ( w : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0) ;
y : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(1 DOWNTO 0) ;
z : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END priority ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF priority IS

BEGIN
y <= "11" WHEN w(3) = '1' ELSE
"10" WHEN w(2) = '1' ELSE
"01" WHEN w(1) = '1' ELSE
"00" ;
z <= '0' WHEN w = "0000" ELSE '1' ;
END Behavior ;

Less Efficient Code for a Priority Encoder

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY priority IS
PORT ( w : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0) ;
y : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(1 DOWNTO 0) ;
z : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END priority ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF priority IS

BEGIN
WITH w SELECT
y <="00" WHEN "0001",
"01" WHEN "0010",
"01" WHEN "0011",
"10" WHEN "0100",
"10" WHEN "0101",
"10" WHEN "0110",
"10" WHEN "0111",
"11" WHEN OTHERS ;
WITH w SELECT
z <= '0' WHEN "0000",
'1' WHEN OTHERS ;
END Behavior ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 5

 A BCD-to-7-segment Decoder
LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;
ENTITY seg7 IS
PORT ( bcd : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0) ;
leds : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(1 TO 7) ) ;
END seg7 ;
ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF seg7 IS
BEGIN
PROCESS ( bcd )
BEGIN
CASE bcd IS -- abcdefg
WHEN "0000" => leds <= "1111110" ;
WHEN "0001" => leds <= "0110000" ;
WHEN "0010" => leds <= "1101101" ;
WHEN "0011" => leds <= "1111001" ;
WHEN "0100" => leds <= "0110011" ;
WHEN "0101" => leds <= "1011011" ;
WHEN "0110" => leds <= "1011111" ;
WHEN "0111" => leds <= "1110000" ;
WHEN "1000" => leds <= "1111111" ;
WHEN "1001" => leds <= "1110011" ;
WHEN OTHERS => leds <= "-------" ;
END CASE ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

Code for a 4-bit Magnitude Comparator

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;
USE ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all ;

ENTITY compare IS
PORT ( A, B : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0) ;
AeqB, AgtB, AltB : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END compare ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF compare IS

BEGIN
AeqB <= '1' WHEN A = B ELSE '0' ;
AgtB <= '1' WHEN A > B ELSE '0' ;
AltB <= '1' WHEN A < B ELSE '0' ;
END Behavior ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 6

 4-bit Comparator using Signed Numbers

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;
USE ieee.std_logic_arith.all ;

ENTITY compare IS
PORT ( A, B : IN SIGNED(3 DOWNTO 0) ;
AeqB, AgtB, AltB : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END compare ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF compare IS

BEGIN
AeqB <= '1' WHEN A = B ELSE '0' ;
AgtB <= '1' WHEN A > B ELSE '0' ;
AltB <= '1' WHEN A < B ELSE '0' ;
END Behavior ;

Code that Represents the Functionality of

the 74381 ALU
LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;
USE ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all ;
ENTITY alu IS
PORT ( s : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(2 DOWNTO 0) ;
A, B : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0) ;
F : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0) ) ;
END alu ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF alu IS

BEGIN
PROCESS ( s, A, B )
BEGIN
CASE s IS
WHEN "000" => F <= "0000" ;
WHEN "001" => F <= B - A ;
WHEN "010" => F <= A - B ;
WHEN "011" => F <= A + B ;
WHEN "100" => F <= A XOR B ;
WHEN "101" => F <= A OR B ;
WHEN "110" => F <= A AND B ;
WHEN OTHERS =>
F <= "1111" ;
END CASE ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 7

 Concurrent vs. Sequential VHDL Code

All previous VHDL statements shown are called

concurrent assignment statements because order does not
matter
When order matters, the statements are called sequential
assignment statements
All sequential assignment statements are placed within a
process statement

Process Statement

Begins with PROCESS keyword followed by a sensitivity

list
For a combinational circuit, sensitivity list includes all
input signals used in the process
Process executed whenever there is a change on a signal in
the sensitivity list
Statements executed in sequential order
No assignments are visible until all statements in the
process have been executed
If multiple assignments, only last one has an effect

Engr354 VHDL Examples 8

 2-to-1 Mux using an if-then-else Statement

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY mux2to1 IS
PORT ( w0, w1, s : IN STD_LOGIC ;
f : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END mux2to1 ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF mux2to1 IS

BEGIN
PROCESS ( w0, w1, s )
BEGIN
IF s = '0' THEN
f <= w0 ;
ELSE
f <= w1 ;
END IF ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

Alternative Code for a 2-to-1 Mux

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY mux2to1 IS
PORT ( w0, w1, s : IN STD_LOGIC ;
f : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END mux2to1 ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF mux2to1 IS

BEGIN
PROCESS ( w0, w1, s )
BEGIN
f <= w0 ;
IF s = '1' THEN
f <= w1 ;
END IF ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 9

 Priority Encoder Using if-then-else
LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;
ENTITY priority IS
PORT ( w : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0) ;
y : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(1 DOWNTO 0) ;
z : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END priority ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF priority IS

BEGIN
PROCESS ( w )
BEGIN
IF w(3) = '1' THEN
y <= "11" ;
ELSIF w(2) = '1' THEN
y <= "10" ;
ELSIF w(1) = '1' THEN
y <= "01" ;
ELSE
y <= "00" ;
END IF ;
END PROCESS ;
z <= '0' WHEN w = "0000" ELSE '1' ;
END Behavior ;

Alternative Code for the Priority Encoder

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY priority IS
PORT ( w : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0) ;
y : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(1 DOWNTO 0) ;
z : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END priority ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF priority IS

BEGIN
PROCESS ( w )
BEGIN
y <= "00" ;
IF w(1) = '1' THEN y <= "01" ; END IF ;
IF w(2) = '1' THEN y <= "10" ; END IF ;
IF w(3) = '1' THEN y <= "11" ; END IF ;

z <= '1' ;
IF w = "0000" THEN z <= '0' ; END IF ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 10

 Code for a 1-bit Equality Comparator

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY compare1 IS
PORT ( A, B : IN STD_LOGIC ;
AeqB : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END compare1 ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF compare1 IS

BEGIN
PROCESS ( A, B )
BEGIN
AeqB <= '0' ;
IF A = B THEN
AeqB <= '1' ;
END IF ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

CASE statement for a 2-to-1 Mux

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY mux2to1 IS
PORT ( w0, w1, s : IN STD_LOGIC ;
f : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END mux2to1 ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF mux2to1 IS

BEGIN
PROCESS ( w0, w1, s )
BEGIN
CASE s IS
WHEN '0' =>
f <= w0 ;
WHEN OTHERS =>
f <= w1 ;
END CASE ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 11

 Case Statement for a 2-to-4 Binary Decoder
LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;
ENTITY dec2to4 IS
PORT ( w : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(1 DOWNTO 0) ;
En : IN STD_LOGIC ;
y : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(0 TO 3) ) ;
END dec2to4 ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF dec2to4 IS

BEGIN
PROCESS ( w, En )
BEGIN
IF En = '1' THEN
CASE w IS
WHEN "00" => y <= "1000" ;
WHEN "01" => y <= "0100" ;
WHEN "10" => y <= "0010" ;
WHEN OTHERS => y <= "0001" ;
END CASE ;
ELSE
y <= "0000" ;
END IF ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

Implied Memory

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY implied IS
PORT ( A, B : IN STD_LOGIC ;
AeqB : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END implied ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF implied IS

BEGIN
PROCESS ( A, B )
BEGIN
IF A = B THEN
AeqB <= '1' ;
END IF ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 12

 Code for a Gated D Latch

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY latch IS
PORT ( D, Clk : IN STD_LOGIC ;
Q : OUT STD_LOGIC) ;
END latch ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF latch IS

BEGIN
PROCESS ( D, Clk )
BEGIN
IF Clk = '1' THEN
Q <= D ;
END IF ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

Code for a D Flip-flop

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY flipflop IS
PORT ( D, Clock : IN STD_LOGIC ;
Q : OUT STD_LOGIC) ;
END flipflop ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF flipflop IS

BEGIN
PROCESS ( Clock )
BEGIN
IF Clock'EVENT AND Clock = '1' THEN
Q <= D ;
END IF ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 13

 Code for a D Flip-flop Using WAIT UNTIL
LIBRARY ieee;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all;

ENTITY flipflop IS
PORT ( D, Clock : IN STD_LOGIC ;
Q : OUT STD_LOGIC ) ;
END flipflop ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF flipflop IS

BEGIN
PROCESS
BEGIN
WAIT UNTIL Clock'EVENT AND Clock = '1' ;
Q <= D ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

D Flip-flop with Asynchronous Reset

LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY flipflop IS
PORT ( D, Resetn, Clock : IN STD_LOGIC ;
Q : OUT STD_LOGIC) ;
END flipflop ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF flipflop IS

BEGIN
PROCESS ( Resetn, Clock )
BEGIN
IF Resetn = '0' THEN
Q <= '0' ;
ELSIF Clock'EVENT AND Clock = '1' THEN
Q <= D ;
END IF ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 14

 D Flip-flop with Synchronous Reset
LIBRARY ieee ;
USE ieee.std_logic_1164.all ;

ENTITY flipflop IS
PORT ( D, Resetn, Clock : IN STD_LOGIC ;
Q : OUT STD_LOGIC) ;
END flipflop ;

ARCHITECTURE Behavior OF flipflop IS

BEGIN
PROCESS
BEGIN
WAIT UNTIL Clock'EVENT AND Clock = '1' ;
IF Resetn = '0' THEN
Q <= '0' ;
ELSE
Q <= D ;
END IF ;
END PROCESS ;
END Behavior ;

Engr354 VHDL Examples 15