SCADA Basic Functions, Monitoring Direction
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 1
SCADA Basic Functions, Monitoring Direction
Indication Processing
Single Point Information
Double Point Information
Bit-String Information
Measurement Processing
Analogue Measured Information
Digital Measured Information
Step Position Information
Integrated Total Information
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 2
SCADA Basic Functions, Monitoring Direction
Functions on 23BE23
General Functionality
Single Point Information (SPI)
Double Point Information (DPI)
Digital Measured Information (DMI)
Step Position Information (STI)
Bit-String Information (BSI)
Integrated Total Information (ITI)
Functions on 23AE23
Analogue Measured Information (AMI)
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 3
SCADA Basic Functions, Monitoring Direction
On one board 23BE23, input data types can be mixed
DPI can be configured only on odd positions (1, 3, 5, )
8-bit-values (digital measured values, bit string inputs or
transformer step positions) can be configured only on bit
position 1 or 9
16-bit-values can be configured only on bit position 1
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 4
SCADA Functions, General Functionality 23BE23
Process data parameters (PDP)
Local Blocking
Digital Filter
Input Value Inversion
Consistency Check Time
Dynamic information about the input signal
Qualifier
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 5
SCADA Functions, General Functionality 23BE23
Local Blocking
The acquisition of signal changes is blocked on the input
device.
Local blocking is activated through Data Entry (Process Data
Point Parameter)
Local blocking reduces the load on the serial peripheral bus
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 6
SCADA Functions, General Functionality 23BE23
Digital Filter
1
input channel
0
digital filter time
counter 255
digital filter time
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
time
1ms (a)
event into FIFO
Example: with
time stamp of (a)
Digital Filter = 7 ms
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 7
SCADA Functions, General Functionality 23BE23
Input Value Inversion
INVERSION = NO INVERSION = YES
logical 0 = OFF 0V Process Voltage
logical 1 = ON Process Voltage 0V
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 8
SCADA Functions, General Functionality 23BE23
Consistency Check Time
Input must be stable for the
Consistency check time
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 9
SCADA Functions, General Functionality 23BE23
Qualifier
IV = invalid (IEC60870-5), Flag On-Line (DNP3)
configuration error
hardware failure
I/O-bus failure
board was removed on-line
subrack power off
process input is oscillating
BL = blocked (IEC60870-5 only)
configured for a plant part not in service
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 10
SCADA Basic Functions, Monitoring Direction
Functions on 23BE23
General Functionality
Single Point Information (SPI)
Double Point Information (DPI)
Digital Measured Information (DMI)
Step Position Information (STI)
Bit-String Information (BSI)
Integrated Total Information (ITI)
Functions on 23AE23
Analogue Measured Information (AMI)
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 11
SCADA Functions, Single/Double Point Information
state plant
SPI states plant
auxiliary contacts
DPI
auxiliary contact
1 OFF 1
0 0
ON 1
0
0 1 0 10 00 01 11
OFF ON OFF OFF ON faulty
position
normal position intermediate
position
OFF
ON
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit position within board
DPI 8 DPI 7 DPI 6 DPI 5 DPI 4 DPI 3 DPI 2 DPI 1 DPI number within board
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 12
SCADA Functions, Double Point Information
ON Intermediate
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 13
SCADA Functions, Double Point Information
OFF Indeterminate
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 14
SCADA Functions, Double Point Information
The default (ABB-) Definition for Double Point Information is:
- Odd connection point (1, 3, 5, 7, ) ON
- Even connection point (2, 4, 6, 8, ) OFF
This definition can be changed globally with RTUtil560 by using
the parameter Change ON and OFF connection point
), the definition changes to:
If the parameter is enabled (
- Odd connection point (1, 3, 5, 7, ) OFF
- Even connection point (2, 4, 6, 8, ) ON
This definition is also valid for:
- Double Commands (DCO)
- Regulation Commands (RCO)
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 15
SCADA Functions, Single Point Information
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 16
SCADA Functions, Double Point Information
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 17
SCADA Functions, Double Point Information
1
ON
0 normal signal state change
OFF 1 ON -> OFF
0
DPI DPI
1
ON
0 abnormal state change
1
ON ->intermediate-> ON
OFF
0
DPI DPI
1
ON
0 abnormal state change
1 time out
OFF
0
DPI
Midposition Suppression Disabled
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 18
SCADA Functions, Double Point Information
Supervision time
1
ON
0 Normal signal state change
OFF 1
ON -> OFF
0
DPI
1
ON
0 abnormal state change
1 ON ->intermediate -> ON
OFF
0
DPI
1
DPI
ON
0
abnormal state change
1
time out
OFF
0
Midposition Suppression Enabled
DPI
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 19
SCADA Functions, Single/Double Point Information
Chattering suppression
Purpose: Reduction of transmission load by oscillation suppression
Example: Auxiliary contact of flap in front of transformer cooling fan
Activation: Individually per single / double indication
Configuration parameter: Maximum chatter frequency .
number of changes
MAX CHA FREQ = [ Hz ]
second
The maximum value is 100 Hz, a typical value is 2.
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 20
SCADA Functions, Single/Double Point Information
Chattering suppression
Tosc is the monitoring period:
2 000
T osc = [ milliseconds ]
MAX CHA FREQ
Example:
At 1 Hz the monitored period is 2 seconds
2 000
T osc = = 2 second
1 Hz
At 100 Hz the monitored period is 20 milliseconds...
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 21
SCADA Functions, Single/Double Point Information
Chattering suppression
change 2 000
MAX CHA FREQ = 1 T osc = = 2 seconds
second 1 Hz
Input channel
1
indication
0
60 sec
chatter counter reset time
register
3
2
1
0
Tosc Tosc Tosc time
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training Status: Status:
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 22 Invalid Valid
SCADA Basic Functions, Monitoring Direction
Functions on 23BE23
General Functionality
Single Point Information (SPI)
Double Point Information (DPI)
Digital Measured Information (DMI)
Step Position Information (STI)
Bit-String Information (BSI)
Integrated Total Information (ITI)
Functions on 23AE23
Analogue Measured Information (AMI)
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 23
SCADA Functions, Digital Measured Information
Types:
8 bit - digital measured value Input (DMI08)
16 bit - digital measured value Input (DMI16)
The RTU560 can handle conversions for:
binary data (BIN)
binary coded decimals (BCD)
Gray code (GRAY)
Polarity of the input signal
Unipolar
Bipolar
Maximum length is 16 bit (= one 23BE23 board).
Double word values are not supported.
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 24
SCADA Functions, Digital Measured Information
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 25
SCADA Functions, Digital Measured Information
Binary, unipolar DMIs allow input patterns for range:
0 ... 255 (8bit) or 0 ...65535 (16 bit)
binary, bipolar DMIs allow input patterns for range:
-128 ... +127 (8bit) or -32768...32767 (16 bit)
BCD, unipolar DMI08 allow input patterns for range 0...99,
bipolar -79...+79, bipolar DMI16 allow -7999+7999
If an eight bit pattern is used, the residual 8 bit of the 23BE23
board can be used for other digital input signals
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 26
SCADA Functions, Digital Measured Information
Maximum Value:
This parameter describes the maximum possible value of the
input signal. All input signals are scaled according to this
Maximum Value, before they are transmitted from the
Input board 23BE23 to the CMU.
The maximum Value affects the transmission of a
DMI to a Network Control System.
Example Maximum Value = 200:
Input signal 200 -> 100 % in the transmission protocol
Input signal 100 -> 50 %
Input signal 0 -> 0%
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 27
SCADA Functions, Digital Measured Information
DMI 8 S 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Process Input PV 0V 0V 0V 0V 0V 0V PV
Invert the Invert the
input value sign
= NO = NO 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
= YES = NO 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
= NO = YES 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
= YES = YES 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
0V = 0V; PV = Process voltage; S = Sign bit
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 28
SCADA Basic Functions, Monitoring Direction
Functions on 23BE23
General Functionality
Single Point Information (SPI)
Double Point Information (DPI)
Digital Measured Information (DMI)
Step Position Information (STI)
Bit-String Information (BSI)
Integrated Total Information (ITI)
Functions on 23AE23
Analogue Measured Information (AMI)
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 29
SCADA Functions, Step Position Information
Step position information (STI) e.g. of a transformer
or Petersen coil is transmitted according IEC
standard by a decimal value in range of - 63 .. + 63.
If an eight bit pattern is used, the residual 8 bit of the
23BE23 board can be used for another digital value,
for pulse counter values or indications
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 30
SCADA Functions, Digital Measured Information
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 31
SCADA Basic Functions, Monitoring Direction
Functions on 23BE23
General Functionality
Single Point Information (SPI)
Double Point Information (DPI)
Digital Measured Information (DMI)
Step Position Information (STI)
Bit-String Information (BSI)
Integrated Total Information (ITI)
Functions on 23AE23
Analogue Measured Information (AMI)
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 32
SCADA Functions, Bit String Information
Bit String Inputs (BSI) are transparent data, which
are not interpreted by the RTU560.
The RTU560 supports three types of Bit String Inputs:
BSI08 8 Bit Input
BSI16 16 Bit Input
BSI32 32 Bit Input
BSI08 and BSI16 are supported by the Binary Input Board 23BE23
BSI32 are accepted only from a subdevice communication interface
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 33
SCADA Basic Functions, Monitoring Direction
Functions on 23BE23
General Functionality
Single Point Information (SPI)
Double Point Information (DPI)
Digital Measured Information (DMI)
Step Position Information (STI)
Bit-String Information (BSI)
Integrated Total Information (ITI)
Functions on 23AE23
Analogue Measured Information (AMI)
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 34
SCADA Functions, Integrated Total Information
Two types of integrated total values (ITI) are defined in the
RTU560:
End of period reading counters (EPR)
Intermediate reading counters (IR)
Two types - one source:
IR is an intermediate value of the corresponding EPR
The ITI is periodically transmitted in fixed periods.
RTU560 supports positive ITI values only.
0 .... + 2 147 483 647
DNP3: Counter Events are not supported by the RTU560
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 35
SCADA Functions, Integrated Total Information
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 36
SCADA Functions, Integrated Total Information
Integrated Total Information with Reset to zero at the end of period.
The IR reading cycle must be 1/n of the end of period time (EPR).
Counter e.g.: EPR = 60 minutes, and n = 6: IR cycle = 10 minutes
value
... time
Period Period Period
End of End of End of
Intermediate Period Period Period
reading Reading Reading Reading
Cycle EPR EPR EPR
IR
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 37
SCADA Functions, Integrated Total Information
End of period reading without Reset.
(Wrap around counter)
Counts
time
Period Period
End of End of
Wrap Around Period Period
reading reading
Counter
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 38
SCADA Functions, Integrated Total Information
Reduction Factor
The function Reduction Factor is normally used only in conjunction
with the function Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). If the
Reduction Factor is set (for example to 2), each second pulse of
the counter input will be transmitted to the communication unit,
independent of the cyclic reading (IR, EPR).
Note: This function will result in a very high load on the Bus !
Counter Interrogation Group
All Integrated Total Information can be assigned to a Counter
Interrogation Group, if the Transmission Protocol to the NCCs
will support the function Counter Interrogation.
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 39
SCADA Functions, Integrated Total Information
CA = Counter adjusted (IEC60870-5 only)
counter was restarted after RTU restart
time changed for more than 5 seconds by synchronization
IV = invalid (IEC60870-5), Flag On-line (DNP3)
configuration error
hardware failure
I/O-bus failure
board was removed on-line
subrack power off
IT = invalid time
no valid system-time, e.g. after start-up
RTU not synchronized
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 40
SCADA Basic Functions, Monitoring Direction
Functions on 23BE23
General Functionality
Single Point Information (SPI)
Double Point Information (DPI)
Digital Measured Information (DMI)
Step Position Information (STI)
Bit-String Information (BSI)
Integrated Total Information (ITI)
Functions on 23AE23
Analogue Measured Information (AMI)
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 41
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 42
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Analogue to Digital Converter
[ digits ]
+ 4096
e.g. -20..+20
3000
2000
By the analogue to digital
converter (ADC),
1000
each analogue value [e.g. mA ]
is converted
-20 -15 -10 -5 5 10 15 20
-100 25 50 75 100 [%]
to a signed integer -2000
Input signal
-3000
- 4096
Analogue Value Presentation
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 43
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Unipolar
Normalized AMI value
Overflow OV (IEC)
Over range OR (DNP3)
1.000
0.800
0.600
0.400
0.200 Input signal
invalid IV 0 %
100%
On-Line=0 e.g. 0 V e.g. 10 V
-0,25 %
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 44
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Normalized AMI value
Bipolar
+ 1.000
Overflow OV
Over range OR
input signal
-20 -15 -10 -5 5 10 15 20 [e.g. mA] e.g. from
-100 -75 -50 -25 25 50 75 100 [%] measurement
transducer
overflow OV
Over range OR
ABB PSN - 1.000
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 45
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Live Zero Overflow OV
Normalized AMI value Over range OR
1.000
0.800
< 3,5 mA
Invalid IV
0.600
On line=0
0.400
0.200 Input signal
0.000
4 mA (0%) 20 mA (100%)
Adjust
Live Zero
-1.000
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 46
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Normalized AMI value
Conversion Factor
+1.000
Overflow OV
Over range
e.g. conv. factor = 75 %
-20 -15 -10 -5 5 10 15 20 [e.g. mA]
-100 -75 -50 -25 25 50 75 100 [%]
Input signal
Overflow OV
Over range
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
- 1.000
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 47
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Absolute Threshold Supervision
Input
[%]
new value
100
new value
new value
80
new value
60 threshold value
new value
40
New value transmission to CCI
20
time
Periodic
update
cycle
ABB PSN (UC)
RTU560 Training
1 ... 60 s
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 48
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Integrated Threshold Supervision
Each scan cycle the analogue input board 23AE23 calculates
the difference between the previous value and the current
value.
This difference is added with sign to a so called Threshold
Differential Register.
If the value in the Threshold Differential Register exceeds
the Threshold Value, then
the new value is transmitted to the communication unit.
the Threshold Differential Register is set to Zero.
the previous value is updated with the current value.
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 49
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Input Signal
[%]
Integrated 60
new value
new value
transmission
transmission
Threshold 40
Supervision
20
deltas (differences) to last reported value
0
time
scan cycle
e.g.580 ms
at 50 Hz
Threshold Difference-
Register exceed threshold exceed threshold
[% of input signal]
+ 10
+ threshold
0
- threshold time
-10
example = threshold = 10 % of input signal
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 50
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Zero Value Supervision
Purpose: Rejection of noise coming from transducers
A value within the bandwidth is forced to 0
Bandwidth adjustable 0.1% 5% :
min. + 0.05 % and - 0.05 % is forced to 0.
max. + 2.50 % and - 2.50 % is forced to 0.
The Zero Value Supervision is always active
Note: the parameter in RTUtil560 is called band-width.
Example: band-width = 0.5% means: -0.25 % +0.25 %
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 51
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Switching detection
Input Signal [%] Event transmission
threshold i.e. 10%
+2.5
zero value
zone +0.05
0
min=0.1% -0.05 time
max=5.0%
-2.5
scan cycle
23AE23
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 52
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Switching Detection
Is only active if integrated threshold supervision is active.
The threshold supervision on integrator algorithm needs
some cycles before the threshold is exceeded. This may
give a transient situation, e.g. if an 380 kV transmission
line is switched on, but the measured value of the current
does not change.)
If a signal changes to/from 0 more than 2.5 %, the new
value is transmitted to the CMU immediately.
If the new value is below 2.5 % an event is not forced.
Switching detection is a fixed parameter and can not be
changed
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 53
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Smoothing
Unstable input signals may be smoothed to prevent too
many updates of the value
switch-in peaks can be cut off to avoid limit violations in
network control systems
can be configured individually per input channel
smoothing factor selectable 2, 4, 8, 16, ... 128 or no
smoothing
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 54
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
Smoothing
The smoothing is calculated as follows:
MW MWls
MW ns = + MWls
K
MW = New smoothed value
ns
MW = Original value from the analogue input
MW ls = Last smoothed value
k = Smoothing factor (2, 4, 8, 16, .. 128)
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 55
SCADA Functions, Analogue Measured Information
45,00
Smoothing
K= 2
40,00
= 4
35,00
= 8
= 16
30,00
25,00
20,00
15,00
10,00
5,00
0,00
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 56
SCADA Basic Functions, Monitoring Direction
Additional Information can be found in:
RTU560 Function Description
Document Ident 1KGT 150 589
ABB PSN
RTU560 Training
08_RTU560_SCADA-Functions_MonitorDir_E, R 1.10 57
