MAPUA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

School of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering

COMMUNICATIONS 3 LABORATORY

WIRELESS HALF- DUPLEX

INTERCOM

ECE123L / B11
nd
2 Quarter, SY 2015-2016

Auditor, Marimar L.

Leyva, Alexis John G.

Roxas, Rinna Andrea B.

Group Name: Hihi

Engr. Flordeliza L. Valiente

INSTRUCTOR

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
December 1, 2015

Engr. Flordeliza Valiente, Professor

School of EE-ECE-CpE
Mapua Institute of Technology
Intramuros, Manila

Dear Engr. Flordeliza Valiente,

As part of our requirements in the course ECE123L, Transmission

Media and Antenna Systems Laboratory, a prototype of Wireless Half-
Duplex Intercom was assigned to us. In fulfilment of this prerequisite,
we present to you a Wireless Half-Duplex Intercom with the specified
requirements.

The project tests our knowledge of the concepts mainly of signal

transmission and reception. Nevertheless, other circuit connections
were also considered through the completion of this prototype.

We hope that we meet your expectations on this prototype. Thank you.

Sincerely,

Auditor, Marimar

Leyva, Alexis John

Roxas, Rinna Andrea

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 Our deepest gratitude and thanksgiving to our Lord for all the

blessings, You have given each and every one of us in the group and for

directing our path to each other who have been instrumental in the

completion of our project. For the sound mind and body that You have

granted, that we are able to contribute and participate well in this

project.

To our instructor, Engr. Flordeliza Valiente, the cause of this

learning experience. That she enables us to put into applications all

that we have learned during the period of our course such as the

building of this prototype. And for her unending dedication to her

profession, for providing us the knowledge and wisdom that we may

build in ourselves, as early as now, a good foundation we have to be

equipped with when we become professionals someday.

To our parents who have always been very supportive to us,

speaking to the financial supports they have been providing us and for

their consideration in admitting us in a prestigious school, Mapua

Institute of Technology. For their unending support and love for us, we

offer this to them.

 Our appreciation also goes to our fellow classmates and friends

who were there to offer a helping hand for some questions that need

clarifications. And again, to each member of the group, we are very

thankful for each one for the dedication, cooperation, support and

patience presented in the success of our project.

DESIGN OBJECTIVES

The sole purpose of this study is to design a Wireless Half-Duplex

Intercom. To be able to do so, certain facts and theories must be

understood first so as to make the prototype working. Further research

and studies are needed to be done since not all ideas are covered in

the lecture.

The concepts of wireless transmission and reception, too, are

needed to be understood as well. This entails the study of the different

factors regarding wireless transmission such as attenuation,

interference, and range.

 THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES

To understand better what a Wireless Half-Duplex Intercom is, we

should first understand first the underlying theories and principles that

governs this topic.

First is the Intercom. An intercom is a closed-circuit voice

communication system. Intercoms are self-contained and therefore

operate free of the public phone system. Intercoms are generally

permanent fixtures in the space that they connect to another via

communication and utilize hardware such as walkie talkies,

telephones, public access loudspeaker systems, and wall mounted

speaker and phone systems.

 A Duplex Communication System, on the other hand, is a point-to-

point system composed of two connected parties or devices that can

communicate with one another in both directions. In the case of the

Half-Duplex System, only one direction is allowed at a time.

Wireless only signifies the connection between the two devices.

Thus the two are untethered; allowing greater mobility.

STANDARDS USED

Our group designed a Wireless Half-Duplex Intercom with a range

of not more than 10 m. The group had used a 9V battery for the

devices supply, since it was the standard that it would produce less

noise. The device is to operate at a frequency of 48 MHz so as to avoid

interference amongst other signal present in the open space as well

as to follow the standards. In addition to that, a multi-terminal switch

was used to function as a trigger switch to the transmit function of the

device. Lastly, in the case of the antenna, the group used a regular

retractable antenna for the purpose of slightly increasing the range of

the transmission and reception.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
PROJECT DISCUSSION
 The objective of the project is for us to be able to provide a two-

way radio as a mean of communication. With this, a number of

limitations can be assessed as the project is made. We have designed

a circuit to be used in the project for two devices acting as both a

transmitter and a receiver. We consider the limitation having not more

than 10 meters of distance between the devices to be able to transmit

and receive signals. This hinders a long distance communication,

which is not usable for necessary transmission of signals in wide

industries.

We also consider the basic principles in communication

regarding noise and interference. Since the signal is sent through a

channel in free-space, interference between the devices may occur

with presence of obstructions like walls and other objects. These

barriers can cause noise and may lessen the distance between the

devices or range in order for communication to take place. With this,

we consider the use of the said wireless half-duplex intercom in open

areas or spaces.
 WORK DISTRIBUTION

AUDITOR, MARIMAR
PCB etching
Troubleshooting
Routing of the circuit components
Documentation

ROXAS, RINNA ANDREA

Drilling of the PCB
Research about the circuit components
Soldering
Troubleshooting

LEYVA, ALEXIS
Soldering
Bought the materials needed
Troubleshooting
Research about the circuit components
 COMPONENT LISTING

Material Quantity
9018 Transistor 2
9014 Transistor 4
Resistors (1/4 W) 12
5 nF Ceramic Capacitor 4
47 pF Ceramic Capacitor 2
0.1 uF Ceramic Capacitor 6
47 nF Ceramic Capacitor 2
100 uF Electrolytic Capacitor 4
4x6 PCB 1
Antenna 2