SCAD INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SCAD Knowledge City,Anupatti,Palladam-641664

(Approved by AICTE, Affiliated to Anna University)

LABORATORY MANUAL
DEPARTMENT
OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Lab Code & Name : GE 6261 Computer Aided Drafting & Modelling Lab

Department : Mechanical Engineering

Year/Sem : I/II

Regulation : 2013
 PREFACE

It is great pleasure to put this treatise in the hands of First Year Engineering students.
This book fully covers the latest syllabus of ANNA UNIVERSITY for the subject
COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING AND MODELLING LABORATORY for second
semester B.E.Degree course for the academic year 2016-17

The entire topic in the syllabus has been thoroughly revised in this book so that
students will gain in depth practical knowledge and apply that in the days to come.

Salient Features

Example Lab exercises and suggested answers along with drawings are given
Each exercise is explained thoroughly, so that the user can understand and gain in-
depth knowledge about the exercise and can easily develop the drawings
The concept has been given in simple and lucid manner
Lot of illustrative examples and Screen shots are given to understand the concepts of
exercise
Viva voce Questions and Answers are included
Additional lab exercise and suggested answers are given for all units which enables
the student to understand the concepts from basic level
Typical Assignment are given in separate section
Commonly used AUTOCAD commands are included
Important Notes are highlighted at appropriate places

This Manual is useful not only for First year Engineering students but also useful for
advanced study in this subject, self-learning for beginners, independent users and enthusiasts
 COLLEGE VISION & MISSION

VISION:

Our vision is to create innovative, vibrant young leaders and entrepreneurs in

Engineering and Technology for building the nation as knowledge power and empowering
the rural community towards evolving a knowledge society with equity and amity.

MISSION:

To provide excellent, inclusive engineering education with high values to reach the
unreached.
 COLLEGE QUALITY & POLICY

Education means to contribute the past happenings to present generation and design
a perfect future in the form of learning.

The knowledge, Skills and Qualities of an individual is in turn is transformed into a

study to a Particular society or clan.

This transformation again moves to a vast field of research and training.

Education often takes place under the guidance of others.

Education plays a fundamental role in the construction of a good society.

Education helps an individual to discover one's self, one's nature and do his/her part
properly to maintain harmony in a society.
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Introduction:

The Department of Mechanical Engineering has been established in SCADIT

Palladam in the academic year 2012-13 with the approval of AICTE, the Government
of Tamilnadu and Anna University Chennai. In the academic year 2013-14, the
strength in our department has gradually increased to 120 from 60. Guest lectures,
Seminars and workshops have been organized for the students and the faculty by
inviting eminent personalities from reputed institutions. The students are constantly
motivated to participate in co- curricular and extracurricular activities apart from their
academics so that they can equip themselves to cope up with the competitive world.
Many of our students have participated and proved their technical skills in workshops,
seminars and technical symposia in intra and inter- college events. Personality
Development programs and mock-interviews are arranged periodically to empower
the students in facing the modern world with confidence. This provides a platform for
the students to express their talents.

Vision:

We strive for producing Mechanical Engineering professionals having sound

technical knowledge with innovative approach, who are competent to pursue diverse
and successful careers in modern society. Aspires to be as a Leader for Quality
Education

Mission:

The Mechanical Engineering program makes available a High Quality,

Relevant Engineering Education to the students with a set of skills, knowledge and
attitudes that will permit its graduates to succeed and thrive as Engineers and Leaders.
Contribute towards the upliftment of the society. Inculcating self-confidence for being
a successful Entrepreneur.
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

About the Laboratory:

It is the one of important laboratory for diploma & degree students for
their course curriculum. The aim to establish this laboratory for practical
training in the field of CAD (Computer Aided Designing) & CAM (Computer
Aided Manufacturing).
List of Softwares in the laboratory

Auto CAD 2012

Solid Edge 2012

CATIA V5

ANSYS 10 Classic
Overview
Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computer systems to aid in
the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design. CAD software
is used to increase the productivity of the designer, improve the quality of
design, improve communications through documentation, and to create a
database for manufacturing. CAD output is often in the form of electronic files
for print, machining, or other manufacturing operations. The
term CADD (for Computer Aided Design and Drafting) is also used.
Importance

CAD (computer-aided design) models have changed the way the

manufacturing industry designs and manufactures parts
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Do's

Keep work areas clean.

Arrange the stools properly when leaving the lab.
Read and follow the instructions before using the equipment in the laboratory.
Observe good housekeeping practices. Replace the materials in proper place after
work to keep the lab area tidy.
Switch off all equipment and electronic devices in the proper manner after using it.
Read carefully the power ratings of the equipment before it is switched on.
Observe type of sockets of equipment power to avoid mechanical damage
Strictly observe the instructions given by the teacher/Lab Instructor
A lab coat should be worn during laboratory experiments. Dress properly during a
laboratory activity. Long hair, dangling jewelry and loose or baggy clothing are a
hazard in the laboratory.
Don'ts

Dont use any other equipment or electronic devices without prior approval from
staff.
Dont talk aloud or crack jokes in lab
Do not handle any equipment before reading the Instructions/ Instruction manuals
Do not open, remove, or attempt to repair any equipment.
Do not wander around the room, distract other students, startle other students or
interfere with the laboratory experiments of others.
Avoid throwing wires on the floor.
Dont switch on the supply without prior approval from staff.
Never leave experiments while in progress.
Never overload a circuit by plugging in too many appliances.
 SAFETY MEASURES AND GUIDELINES

Enter Lab with CLOSED FOOTWEAR

Boys should TUCK IN the shirts

Students should wear uniform only

Any other machines/ equipment should not be operated other than the prescribed one for that
day.

POWER SUPPLY to your test table should be obtained only through the LAB TECHNICIAN

Do not LEAN and do not be CLOSE to the rotating components.

HEADINGS & DETAILS should be neatly written

Before doing the experiment, the student should get the circuit/ Program approval by the
FACULTY-IN-CHARGE

Experiment date should be written in the appropriate place

After completing the experiments, the answer to the VIVA-VOCE Questions should be neatly
written in the workbook

Be PATIENT, STEADY, SYSTEMATIC, & REGULAR

 INSTRUCTIONS TO THE TEACHERS AND STUDENTS

Students are not allowed to touch any equipment or other materials in the laboratory
area until you are instructed by Teacher or Technician.

Before starting Laboratory work follow all written and verbal instructions carefully.
If you do not understand a direction or part of a procedure, ASK YOUR
CONCERN TEACHER BEFORE PROCEEDING WITH THE ACTIVITY.

Before use equipment must be read carefully Labels and instructions. Set up and
use the equipment as directed by your teacher.

If you do not understand how to use a piece of equipment, ASK THE TEACHER
FOR HELP!

Perform only those experiments authorized by your teacher. Carefully follow all
instructions, both written and oral.

Unauthorized experiments are not allowed in the Laboratory.

Students are not allowed to work in Laboratory alone or without presence of the
teacher.

Any failure / break-down of equipment must be reported to the teacher.

Protect yourself from getting electric shock.

 GE6261 COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING AND MODELING LABORATORY

OBJECTIVES:

To develop skill to use software to create 2D and 3D models.

LIST OF EXERCISES USING SOFTWARE CAPABLE OF DRAFTING AND

MODELING

1. Study of capabilities of software for Drafting and Modeling Coordinate systems

(absolute, relative, polar, etc.) Creation of simple figures like polygon and general
multi-line figures.
2. Drawing of a Title Block with necessary text and projection symbol.
3. Drawing of curves like parabola, spiral, involute using Bspline or cubic spline.
4. Drawing of front view and top view of simple solids like prism, pyramid, cylinder,
cone, etc, and dimensioning.
5. Drawing front view, top view and side view of objects from the given pictorial views
(eg. V-block, Base of a mixie, Simple stool, Objects with hole and curves).
6. Drawing of a plan of residential building (Two bed rooms, kitchen, hall, etc.)
7. Drawing of a simple steel truss.
8. Drawing sectional views of prism, pyramid, cylinder, cone, etc,
9. Drawing isometric projection of simple objects.
10. Creation of 3-D models of simple objects and obtaining 2-D multi-view drawings from
3-D model.
Note: Plotting of drawings must be made for each exercise and attached to the records
written by students.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
ability to use the software packers for drafting and modeling
ability to create 2D and 3D models of Engineering Components
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sl. Page
Date Name of the Experiment Marks Sign
No No

Study of Capabilities of Software For Drafting &

1 1
Modeling-Co-Ordinate System

2 Creation of Title Block 15

Creation of Simple figures Like Polygon and

3 18
General Multiline Figures

Drawing of Curves Like Parabola, Spiral, Involute

4 20
Using BSPLINE or Cubic Spline

Drawing of Front View and Top View of Simple

5 Solids Like Prism, Pyramid, Cylinder, Cone Etc 24
and Dimensioning

6 Draw 3-D View of The V-Block 28

Drawing of A Plan of Residential Building (Two

7 32
Bed Rooms,Kitchen, Hall)

8 Drawing of A Simple Steel Truss 38

Drawing Sectional Views of Solids Like Cylinder,

9 42
Prisms

10 Drawing Isometric Projection of Simple Object 45

 EX.NO: 1 STUDY OF CAPABILITIES OF SOFTWARE FOR DRAFTING
Date: & MODELING-CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM

AIM
To Study of capabilities of software for Drafting

COMPUTER AIDED DRAWING

A drawing is prepared traditionally using instruments. The modern alternative is to
draw with the aid of computers. This method is known as computer aided drafting (or)
Computer aided drawing (or) computer assisted drafting (or) computer argument drafting and
computer automated drafting.
Modern CAD systems are based on the interactive computer graphics. Interactive
computer graphics denotes a user defined system in which the computer is employed to create
and display data in the terms of pictures and symbols, by the communication between the user
and the system. A typical interactive computer graphics system in combination of both
hardware and software.
The four fundamental elements of drawing are points, straight lines, arcs and circles. In
computer aided drawing systems, the points on the screen be located by selected with the
cursor, snapping to the grip, points (or) by entering the numerical values of the co-ordinates of
the points. The other elements can be drawn easily by using relevant commands.
SCALING:
The capacity to enlarge (or) diminish the size of a displayed feature without changing
its shape.
ZOOMING:
The capacity to enlarge (or) reduce a selected area of the drawing seen on the screen.
TRANSLATING:
The capacity to move parts of a drawing and redrawing them in the new position to a
selected scale.

1
ROTATION:
The capability of rotating the features about a selected position and redraw them in a
new angular position.
MIRRORING:
To reverse the image of a feature about the chosen line of symmetry.
DUPLICATING:
The capability of redrawing a feature (or) component many times and displaying in
orderly manner of our choice. The CAD system offers a number of automatic features such as
fillet, chamfering, hatching and shading of any specified area, dimensioning and text displayed
in the required format.
ARRAY
You can create copies of objects in a rectangular or polar (circular) pattern called an
array. For rectangular arrays, you control the number of rows and columns and the distance
between each. For polar arrays, you control the number of copies of the object and whether the
copies are rotated. To create many regularly spaced objects, arraying is faster than copying.
Rectangular Arrays A rectangular array is built along a baseline defined by the current
snap rotation angle. This angle is zero by default, so the rows and columns of a rectangular
array are orthogonal with respect to the X and Y axes. The default angle 0 direction setting can
be changed in UNITS.

Polar Arrays When you create a polar array, the array is drawn counter clockwise or
clockwise, depending on whether you enter a positive or a negative value for the angle to fill.
The radius of the array is determined by the distance from the specified center point to a
reference or base point on the last selected object. You can use the default reference point

2
(usually an arbitrary point that coincides with a snap point), or you can specify a new base
point to be used as the reference point.

HATCH
You can hatch an area using a predefined hatch pattern, define a simple line pattern
using the current line type, or create more complex hatch patterns. One type of pattern is called
solid, which fills an area with a solid color.

You can choose from several methods to specify the boundaries of a hatch.
Specify a point in an area that is enclosed by objects.
Select objects that enclose an area.
Drag a hatch pattern into an enclosed area from a tool palette or Design Center. When
you hatch a drawing, whole or partial objects that are not part of the object boundary
are ignored. If a hatch line encounters an object such as text, an attribute, or a solid-fill
object, and if the object is selected as part of the boundary set, HATCH hatches around
the object.
DIMENSIONS
Dimensions have several distinct elements: dimension text, dimension lines,
arrowheads, and extension lines Dimension text is a text string that usually indicate the
measurement value. The text can also include prefixes, suffixes, and tolerances. A dimension
line indicates the direction and extent of a dimension. For angular dimensions, the dimension
line is an arc. Arrowheads, also called symbols of termination, are displayed at each end of the

3
dimension line. You can specify different sizes and shapes for arrowheads or tick marks.
Extension lines, also called projection lines or witness lines, extend from the feature to the
dimension line. A center mark is a small cross that marks the center of a circle or arc. Center
lines are broken lines that mark the center of a circle or arc.

TRIM
You can shorten or lengthen objects to meet the edges of other objects. This means you
can first create an object such as a line and then later adjust it to fit exactly between other
objects. Objects you select as cutting edges or boundary edges are not required to intersect the
object being trimmed. You can trim or extend an object to a projected edge or to an
extrapolated intersection; that is, where the objects would intersect if they were extended. If
you do not specify a boundary and press ENTER at the Select Objects prompt, all displayed
objects become potential boundaries. When you trim several objects, the different selection
methods can help you choose the current cutting edges and objects to trim. In the following
example, the cutting edges are selected using crossing selection

MOVE
You can move objects at a specified distance and direction from the originals. Use
coordinates, grid snap, object snaps, and other tools to move objects with precision. A practical
example is moving a door in a wall. The door in the illustration is entirely within a crossing
selection, while the wall lines are only partly within the crossing selection area.

4
ADVANTAGES OF USING CAD:
There are several fundamental reasons for implementing a CAD system.
To increase the productivity of designer.
To improve quality of design.
To improve communication.
To create library.
To create database for manufacturing.
To increase the productivity of designer:
This is accomplished by helping the designer to visualize the product and its component
sub-assemblies and parts, by reading the time required in synthesis and documenting the
design.
To improve quality of design:
The CAD system permits a more analysis and a number of design alternative can be
investigated, designs are also through the greater accuracy provided by the system.
To improve communication:
Use of Cad system provides better engineering drawing, more standardization in the
drawing, better documentation of the design, greater legibility and saving in time.
To create library:
Commonly used architectural building, electrical and mechanical components can be
drawn and stored in memory and recalled when needed. Further they can be positioned
anywhere on the screen and redraw to any scale angle and angle of inclination.
To create database for manufacturing:
The process of creating the documentation in the product using design much of required
database to manufacture the product is also created.

5
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
AutoCAD2012 requires the following hardware for running on any system:
Pentium III or higher.
512MB RAM.
Windows98, Windows95 or Windows NT 4.0 operating system.
1024 x 768 VGA video display (800 x 600 VGA video display minimum).
Windows video display driver.
150MB free hard-disk space.
Pointing device (mouse or digitizer).
4X CD-ROM drive.
IBM-compatible parallel port.
Serial Port (For some digitizer and some plotters).
Printer or Plotter.
Modem (Connection to internet).
Sound card for multimedia learning.
TCP/IP or IPX support(required only for multi-user, or floating license configuration.

AutoCAD - Commands
A
ABOUT Displays information about AutoCAD
ARC Creates an arc
AREA Calculates the area and perimeter of objects or of defined areas
ARRAY Creates multiple copies of objects in a pattern
B
BACKGROUND Sets up the background for your scene
BLOCK Creates a block definition from objects you select
BOUNDARY Creates a region or a polyline from an enclosed area
BOX Creates a three-dimensional solid box
BREAK Erases parts of objects or splits an object in two

6
 C
CAL Evaluates mathematical and geometric expressions
CHAMFER Bevels the edges of objects
CHANGE Changes the properties of existing objects
CIRCLE Creates a circle
CLOSE Closes the current drawing
COLOR Defines color for new objects
CONE Creates a three-dimensional solid cone
CONVERT Optimizes 2D polylines and associative hatches created in AutoCAD
Release 13 or earlier
COPY Duplicates objects
CYLINDER Creates a three-dimensional solid cylinder
D
DIM AND DIM1 Accesses Dimensioning mode
DIMEDIT Edits dimensions
DIMSTYLE Creates and modifies dimension styles
DIMTEDIT Moves and rotates dimension text
DIST Measures the distance and angle between two points
DIVIDE Places evenly spaced point objects or blocks along the length or
perimeter of an object
E
ELLIPSE Creates an ellipse or an elliptical arc
ERASE Removes objects from a drawing
EXPLODE Breaks a compound object into its component objects
EXTEND Extends an object to meet another object
EXTRUDE Creates unique solid primitives by extruding existing two-dimensional
objects
F
FILL Controls the filling of multilines, traces, solids, all hatches, and wide
polylines

7
FILLET Rounds and fillets the edges of objects
G
GRID Displays a dot grid in the current viewport
GROUP Creates a named selection set of objects
H
HATCH Fills a specified boundary with a pattern
HIDE Regenerates a three-dimensional model with hidden lines Suppressed
I
IMPORT Imports files in various formats into AutoCAD
INSERT Places a named block or drawing into the current drawing
INTERFERE Creates a composite 3D solid from the common volume of two or more
solids
INTERSECT Creates composite solids or regions from the intersection of two or more
solids or regions and removes the areas outside of the intersection
ISOPLANE Specifies the current isometric plane
L
LAYER Manages layers and layer properties
LAYOUT Creates a new layout and renames, copies, saves, or deletes an existing
layout
LENGTHEN Lengthens an object
LIMITS Sets and controls the drawing boundaries and grid display
LINE Creates straight line segments
LOAD Makes shapes available for use by the SHAPE command
LTSCALE Sets the line type scale factor
LWEIGHT Sets the current lineweight, lineweight display options, and Lineweight
units

8
 M
MATLIB Imports and exports materials to and from a library of materials
MEASURE Places point objects or blocks at measured intervals on an object
MENU Loads a menu file
MIRROR Creates a mirror image copy of objects
MODEL Switches from a layout tab to the Model tab and makes it current
MOVE Displaces objects a specified distance in a specified direction
MTEXT Creates multiline text
MULTIPLE Repeats the next command until canceled
N
NEW Creates a new drawing file
O
OFFSET Creates concentric circles, parallel lines, and parallel curves
OPEN Opens an existing drawing file
OPTIONS Customizes the AutoCAD settings
ORTHO Constrains cursor movement
OSNAP Sets object snap modes
P
PAN Moves the drawing display in the current viewport
PEDIT Edits polylines and three-dimensional polygon meshes
PLAN Displays the plan view of a user coordinate system
PLINE Creates two-dimensional polylines
PLOT Plots a drawing to a plotting device or file
PLOTSTYLE Sets the current plot style for new objects, or the assigned plot style for
selected objects
POINT Creates a point object
POLYGON Creates an equilateral closed polyline
PREVIEW Shows how the drawing will look when it is printed or plotted
PROPERTIES Controls properties of existing objects

9
 Q
QDIM Quickly creates a dimension
QSAVE Quickly saves the current drawing
QSELECT Quickly creates selection sets based on filtering criteria
QTEXT Controls the display and plotting of text and attribute objects
QUIT Exits AutoCAD
R
RECTANG Draws a rectangular polyline
REDO Reverses the effects of the previous UNDO or U command
REGION Creates a region object from a selection set of existing objects
RENAME Changes the names of objects
RENDER Creates a photorealistic or realistically shaded image of a three
Dimensional wire frame or solid model
REVOLVE Creates solids by revolving two-dimensional objects about an axis
ROTATE Moves objects about a base point
ROTATE3D Moves objects about a three-dimensional axis
S
SAVE Saves the drawing under the current file name or a specified name
SCALE Enlarges or reduces selected objects equally in the X, Y, and Z directions
SECTION Uses the intersection of a plane and solids to create a region
SHAPE Inserts a shape
SKETCH Creates a series of freehand line segments
SLICE Slices a set of solids with a plane
SNAP Restricts cursor movement to specified intervals
SOLDRAW Generates profiles and sections in viewports created with SOLVIEW
SOLID Creates solid-filled polygons
SPHERE Creates a three-dimensional solid sphere
SPLINE Creates a quadratic or cubic spline (NURBS) curve
SUBTRACT Creates a composite region or solid by subtraction

10
 T
TABLET Calibrates, configures, and turns on and off an attached digitizing tablet
TEXT Displays text on screen as it is entered
TRIM Trims objects at a cutting edge defined by other objects
U
U Reverses the most recent operation
UNDO Reverses the effect of commands
UNION Creates a composite region or solid by addition
UNITS Controls coordinate and angle display formats and determines precision
V
VIEW Saves and restores named views
VPOINT Sets the viewing direction for a three-dimensional visualization of the
drawing
VPORTS Divides the drawing area into multiple tiled or floating viewports
VSLIDE Displays an image slide file in the current viewport
W
WBLOCK Writes objects or a block to a new drawing file
WMFOPTS Sets options for WMFIN
WMFOUT Saves objects to a Windows metafile
X
XATTACH Attaches an external reference to the current drawing
XLINE Creates an infinite line
XPLODE Breaks a compound object into its component objects
Z
ZOOM Increases or decreases the apparent size of objects in the current viewport
#
3D Creates three-dimensional polygon mesh objects
3DARRAY Creates a three-dimensional array
3DFACE Creates a three-dimensional face
3DMESH Creates a free-form polygon mesh

11
3DORBIT Controls the interactive viewing of objects in 3D
3DPAN Invokes the interactive 3D view and enables you to drag the view
horizontally and vertically
3DSWIVEL Invokes the interactive 3D view and simulates the effect of turning the
camera
3DZOOM Invokes the interactive 3D view so you can zoom in and out on the view

Command Method: POLOR COORDINATES METHOD.

Work space <"3D Modeling">: 2D Drafting & Annotation
LIMITS
Command: limits (enter)
Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF] <0.0000, 0.0000>: 0, 0 (enter)
Specify upper right corner <12.0000, 9.0000>: 300, 250 (enter)
Command: zoom (enter)
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <Real time>: all (enter)
Method: POLOR COORDINATES METHOD.
LINE
Command: line (enter)
LINE Specify first point: 50, 50 (enter)
Specify next point or [Undo]: <Ortho on> @150,0 (enter)
Specify next point or [Undo]: @0,130 (enter)
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-150,0 (enter)
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: c (enter)
Method: ABSOLUTE CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM
Command: line (enter)
LINE Specify first point: 2, 2 (enter)
Specify next point or [Undo]: <Ortho on> : 6, 2 (enter)
Specify next point or [Undo]: 7, 3 (enter)

12
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 7, 5(enter)
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 3,5 (enter)
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: (enter)
CIRCLE
Command: circle (enter)
Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: ce (enter) Specify center
point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: r (enter) Specify radius of
circle or [Diameter]:
OFFSET
Command: offset (enter)
Specify offset distance or [Through/Erase/Layer] <Through>: Select object to
offset or [Exit/Undo] <Exit>:
Specify point on side to offset or [Exit/Multiple/Undo] <Exit Select object to
offset or [Exit/Undo] <Exit>: (enter)
ARC
CENTRE START METHOD
Command: arc (enter)
Specify start point of arc or [Center]: centre (enter)
Specify center point of arc:
Specify start point of arc:
Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord Length]:
3POINT METHOD
Command: arc
Command: _arc Specify start point of arc or [Center]: Specify second point of arc or
[Center/End]: <Ortho off> Specify end point of arc:
MIRROR
Command: mirror (enter)
Select objects:

13
Specify first point of mirror line:
Erase source objects? [Yes/No] <N>: no (enter)
TRIM
Command: TRIM
Select objects or <select all>: select all objects (control +a) (enter)
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or
[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/eRase/Undo]: (now click the lines to remove) (enter)
POLYGON
Command: POLYGON
Command: _polygon Enter number of sides <4>: 6 (enter)
Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: edge (enter)
Specify first endpoint of edge: Specify second endpoint of edge: 40 (enter)
BREAK
Command: BREAK
Command: _break Select object:
Specify second break point or [First point]: _f
Specify first break point:
Specify second break point:
DIMENSIONING
DIMLINEAR
DIMDIAMETER
DIMRADIUS
DIMALIGNED
DIMANGULAR
QUICKDIMENSION

14
Ex.No: 2
CREATION OF TITLE BLOCK
Date:

AIM
To draw the following title block drawing by using the POLAR CO-ORDINATES
method & AutoCAD comments.

HARDWARE USED:
Pentium IV Processor.
80 GB Hard Disk.
1GB Ram.
300 GHz Speed.

SOFTWARE USED:
AUTOCAD 2012.

COMMANDS USED:
LINE DIMENSION
OFFSET TEXT
TRIM COPY
CIRCLE MOVE
EXTEND PROPERTIES

PROCEDURE:
Set the units to mm.
Using limits command set the limits to 420,297.
Using zoom command fit the drawing to window.
Using commands like Circle, Line, Extend and Copy complete the drawing.
Detail the drawing as per dimensions.

15
GIVEN DIAGRAM

RESULT
Thus the title block is drawn by using the above commands.

16
 VIVA QUESTIONS
1. What is meant by AutoCAD?
AutoCAD is one of the cad system software introduced in dec1982 by Autodesk ltd in
Sausallia, California of USA. It has hit the technical world like shock wave revolutionizing
the manner of drawing preparation.
2. What is the diff between CAD & CADD?
CAD-computer aided design, CADD-computer aided design and drafting
3. What are the applications of CAD?
Design of machine elements, CNC machine tools, robotics etc Panel design and circuit
layout Mapping ,building plans, contour plotting and structural drawing Interior design and
modeling
4. Define absolute co-ordinates?
Values locating a point in space that describe its displacement from origin (0,0,0)point
of the drawing.
5. Define polar coordinates.
Values are locating a point in space that describes its location relative to the last point
picked as defined by an angle and s distance.
6. Define angular dimension?
A dimension that measures the angle between two lines or the angle inscribed by an arc
segment
7. Define aligned dimension?
A linear dimension measuring the distance between two points. The dimension line for
an aligned dimension is parallel to a line between points.
8. What is Bylayer?
A value that can be assigned to colours and line types so that objects receive their colour
and line type properties according to the layer they are on.
9. What is command line?
A text window at the bottom of the screen thats displays command: prompt. This is
where you see what you are entering through the keyboard. Also called the command

17
 window. 10. What is command: prompt: A prompt at the command line, when no
commands are currently running.
10. Define polar co-ordinates.
Values are locating a point in space that describe its location relative to the last point
picked as defined by an angle and its distance.

18
Ex.No : 3
CREATION OF SIMPLEFIGURES LIKE POLYGON AND
Date: GENERAL MULTILINE FIGURES

AIM:
To create the following drawing using AutoCAD commands like Circle, Line, Fillet
and Trim.

HARDWARE USED:
Pentium IV Processor.
80 GB Hard Disk.
1GB Ram.
300 GHz Speed.

SOFTWARE USED:
AUTOCAD 2012.

COMMANDS USED
Limits Erase
Zoom Mirror
Circle Fillet
Line Trim

PROCEDURE:
Set the units to mm.
Using limits command set the limits to 420,297.
Using zoom command fit the drawing to window.
Using commands like Circle, Line, Fillet and Trim complete the drawing.
Detail the drawing as per dimensions.

19
GIVEN DIAGRAM

RESULT:
The drawing is created using AUTOCAD commands like Circle, Line, Fillet, Trim
and detailed as per the given dimensions.

20
 VIVA QUESTIONS

1. What is cross hair cursor?

A form of the cursor that consists of a horizontal line and a vertical line intersecting at
their midpoints, resembling the crosshair in a sighting device.
2. Define dimension variables?
A group of settings and values that control the appreance of dimensions.
3. Define current UCS?
The user co-ordinate system that is active in a drawing. It determines the positive X,Y
and Z direction.
4. What is .dwg?
The file extension and format for the standard AutoCAD drawing.
5. Define graphics window?
The appearance of your screen when AutoCAD is running. It consists of the drawing
area and surrounding toolbars, menu bars the command window and the status bar.
6. Define line type?
The style of appearance of a line. AutoCAD styles include continues, dashed, dash dot.
And so on.
7. What is a hatch patterns?
A pattern of lines dots and other shapes that fills in a closed area.
8. Define MIRROR?
A command that makes a copy of selected objects and flips the copy around a specified
line to produce a reciprocal image of those objects.
9. What is an ortho mode?
` An on/off setting that, when on forces lines to be drawn and objects to be moved in a
horizontal or vertical direction only.
10. What are the advantages of CAD?
Greater productivity of the designer, improvement of design quality Easier design,
calculation and analysis, quicker rate producing drawings, more accuracy of drawings,
colour graphics is possible.

21
Ex.No : 4 DRAWING OF CURVES LIKE PARABOLA, SPIRAL, INVOLUTE
Date : USING BSPLINEOR CUBIC SPLINE

AIM:
To draw a involute of a pentagon with base width of 20mm.
HARDWARE USED:
Pentium IV Processor.
80 GB Hard Disk.
512 MB Ram.
300 GHz Speed.

SOFTWARE USED:
AUTOCAD 2012.

COMMANDS USED:

LINE. COPY

ELLIPSE (AXIS, END). TRIM

TEXT. OFFSET

DIMENSIONS. MOVE

PROCEDURE:
1. Set the units to mm.
2. Using LIMITS Command set the limits to 420,297.
3. Using ZOOM Command fit the drawing to window.
4. Draw the pentagon with the base width of 20mm
5. With a as centre a1 as radius draw a circle.
6. Extend the line L1 upto the circle and delete the circle.
7. With b as centre b2 as diameter draw a circle. Extend the line L2 upto the circle and
delete the circle.

22
 8. Repeat the above procedure.
9. Using Spline command join the points 1-6 to get involute o the pentagon.

GIVEN DIAGRAM

RESULT:
The involute of a pentagon with base width of 20mm is drawn and detailed as per
given dimensions.

23
 VIVA QUESTIONS
1. Write down the advantages and limitations of surface modeling.
Surface modeling can be used to check the real look of the product with coloring and
shading.
Surface modeling can be used to perform interference checking.
As the surface models precisely define the part geometry such as surface and
boundaries, they can help to produce machine instructions automatically.
2. Write down two important solid modeling technique.
The solid modeling techniques permit for the automation of some complicated
engineering calculations that are approved as a part of the design progression. Simulation,
planning, and confirmation of processes such as machining and assembly were one of the
initiations for the development of solid modeling technique.
3. What is CGS?
Constructive solid geometry (CSG) is a method used in solid modeling for creating 3D
models in CAD. Constructive solid geometry permits a modeler to make a complex surface by
applying Boolean operators to join objects. Frequently CSG presents a model/surface that
appears visually complex, but is essentially little more than cleverly combined.
4. Classify the Visualization.
Visualization in geometric modeling
Visualization in scientific computing.
5. List out the various visualization approaches.
Parallel projections
Perspective projection.
Hidden line removal
Hidden surface removal
Hidden solid removal
Shaded models

24
6. What is hidden line removal?
Hidden line removal (HLR) is the method of computing which edges are not hidden
by the faces of parts for a specified view and the display of parts in the projection of a model
into a 2D plane.
7. Tolerance Analysis.
Tolerance analysis is a title to a different approaches applied in product design to know
how deficiencies in parts as they are manufactured, and in assemblies, influence the ability of
a product to meet customer needs.
8. List out the international organizations involved to develop the graphics standards:
ACM ( Association for Computer Machinery )
ANSI ( American National Standards Institute )
ISO ( International Standards Organization )
GIN ( German Standards Institute )
9. List out the various standards in graphics programming. IGES (Initial Graphics
Exchange Specification)
DXF (Drawing / Data Exchange Format)
STEP (Standard for the Exchange of Product model data)
10. Define NAPLPS
NAPLPS (North American Presentation- Level Protocol Syntax) describes text and
graphics in the form of sequences of bytes in ASCII code.

25
Ex.NO.: 5 DRAWING OF FRONT VIEW AND TOP VIEW OF SIMPLE SOLIDS
DATE : LIKE PRISM, PYRAMID, CYLINDER, CONE Etc and DIMENSIONING

AIM:
To draw front view and top view of Simple Solids.

HARDWARE USED:
Pentium IV Processor.
80 GB Hard Disk.
512 MB Ram.
300 GHz Speed.

SOFTWARE USED:
AUTOCAD 2012.

COMMANDS USED

LINE. TRIM

POLYGON. OFFSET

TEXT. MOVE

DIMENSIONS. PROPERTIES

COPY

PROCEDURE:
1. Set the units to mm.
2. Using LIMITS Command set the limits to 420,297.
3. Using ZOOM Command fit the drawing to window.
4. Draw the front view and top view of the cone using line and circle commands
5. Detail the drawing as per dimensions.

26
GIVEN DIAGRAM

RESULT:
The front view and top view of the cone is drawn and detailed as per given dimensions.

27
 VIVA QUESTIONS
1. What are the activities of CAD?
CAD activities include product design, engineering analysis and drafting.
2. Give the general configuration of a CAD computer system.
Pcs were lower-cost, lower-quality toys that couldn't handle 3D.
Let the system requirements for your primary CAD application be your guide.
Choosing the CPU.
Multi-monitor support.
System Memory
Solid-state drives.
3. What is computer graphics?
The term computer graphics include almost every thing on computer that is not text or
sound. It is an art of drawing pictures, lines. Charts, etc. Using computers with the help of
programming. Or we can say that graphics is the representation and manipulation of image
data by computer with the help from specialized software and hardware. Graphic designing is
done using the various available softwares for computers which can produce the 3D images in
the required shape and dimension. Computer graphics help us in getting the real display
experiences.
4. What are the raster and vector graphics?
RASTER- In computer graphics image, or BITMAP, is a dot matrix data structure
representing a generally rectangular grid of pixels or points of color, viewable via a monitor,
paper, or other display medium. Raster image are stored in image files with varying formats.
VECTOR- Vector graphics is the use of geometrical primitives such as points, lines,
curves, and shapes or polygon, which are all based on mathematical expressions, to represent
image in computer graphics. Vector, in this context, implies more than a straight line.
5. What are the hardware devices used for computer graphics?
Input Devices
Keyboard, Mouse, Data tablet, Scanner, Light pen, Touch screen, Joystick
Output Devices
Raster Devices- CRT, LCD, LED, Plasma screens, PrintersVector Devices- Plotters,
Oscilloscopes.

28
6. What is AUTOCAD?
AUTOCAD is a software program built to design and shape the 2-D and 3-D images.
It provides the tools by which a detail design of the product can be done. It also has the option
to create detailed design layout, which can be automatically drawn by using source model.
7. What are the uses of AUTOCAD?
AUTOCAD can be used by the professionals to visualize the imaginary view of the
product on a computer system. In AUTOCAD, it is possible by the drafter to make the changes
in the product before it gets finalized for design. It also gives the freedom for the designer to
implement their various ideas and represent them to the suppliers or their clients.
8. What are the fields where you see maximum use of AUTOCAD?
AUTOCAD is more popular among the architects, engineers and builders for
developing their building layouts.
9. What is the file formats used in design?
In AUTOCAD, .dwg file format is used for design, it can be an interchangeable format.
The file format which is interchangeable has the extension as DXF and operates data
operability. It provides different languages which can be used as per the requirement.

29
 Ex.No : 6
DRAW 3-D VIEW OF THE V-BLOCK
Date:

AIM:
To draw 3-D view of the V-BLOCK and then draw front view, top view
and side view of it.
HARDWARE USED:
Pentium IV Processor.
80 GB Hard Disk.
512 MB Ram.
300 GHz Speed.
SOFTWARE USED:
AUTOCAD 2012.
COMMANDS USED:

WORKSPACE EXTRUDE

3D MODELING PROPERTIES

LINE OFFSET

TRIM UCS

COPY UCS ORIGIN

MOVE 3 POINT UCS

REGION

PROCEDURE:
1. Set the units to mm.
2. Using LIMITS Command set the limits to 420,297
3. Using ZOOM Command fit the drawing to window.
4. Draw the 3-D view by setting view point to 1,-1,1 using VPOINT command.
5. Set Shade mode to 3d by using SHADEMODE command.

30
 6. Draw the cross section using LINE command and extrude it using
REGION,EXTRUDE commands.
7. Draw the front view and top view LINE command.
8. Detail the drawing as per dimensions.

GIVEN DIAGRAM

RESULT:

The 3-D view of the V-BLOCK, front view, top view and side view of
it is drawn and detailed as per given dimensions.

31
 VIVA QUESTIONS

1. How you can create a user interface in AUTOCAD?

User interface can be created by using the command prompts to draw the plots and
dialog boxes. The dialog boxes can be displayed by the use of PLOT command and the external
database commands (ASE). Setting of CMDDIA to 1, allows the dialog boxes to run the
command. The user interface creation also needs the command line to display the entire file so
that it can be edited or customized easily.
2. What is the function of vertical integration?
To enhance the architectural designing of 3D object AUTOCAD uses the vertical
integration program. The 3D objects can include walls and other things that are associated with
the data having information and simple objects like lines and circles. The data is programmed
in such away that it represents only the architectural products and the extracted files, and can
be modified according to the requirement.
3. What is the use of variant in AUTOCAD?
In AUTOCAD variants are used to help in creation, visualizing and rendering the 3D
models that include 3D printing as well. Variants allows you to use the functionality of
different application according to the requirement.
4. What are the benefits of using AUTOCAD?
a. Saves time and helps to increase the productivity
b. It helps to streamline your design and documentation workflow
c. Physical 3D prototype of the design can be quickly created by using AUTOCAD
d. 3D models can be directly imported into AUTOCAD by using application like
SolidWorks

5. What is the process to draw a line more than one time and save it automatically?
When a need arises to draw a new line the process opens up a new file in a new session
to write the file. AUTOCAD allows saving multiple drawing for each session. The files are
saved by using the file extension dwg and it can be modified by using the browser.

32
6. What are the steps that enable the drag and drop feature in AUTOCAD?
AUTOCAD provides a way to drag and drop the elements by the use of NOUN and
VERB in a dialog box. It allows the object to move from one place to another. Likewise,
the remove or editing function can be done by using MOVE and ERASE
7. What are the features corrected by AUTOCAD?
AUTOCAD detects the problem and correct it by removing the corruption with the
drawing parts. With the available option of adding additional vertices, it also adds vertices
to the poly-lines. The error can be corrected or neglected by finding out the exact location of
the poly-line that has zero vertices. The object can be deleted or removed after there is no
use of it in the system.
8. How to set up a default drawing directory?
Default drawing directory has sub directories having the information using the
windows commands. The applications, which are going to be used, are highlighted, and by
using drag and drop features those application will be placed in the default directory. The
properties for the application are selected from the menu and dialog boxes displayed on the
front.
9. How you can copy a closed drawing?
The copying of the closed drawing can be done by the designer center in the toolbar
of the AUTOCAD. By using the tree view option the copy of closed drawing can be done
easily. The modification of the drawing can be done by using graphical interface.
10. How you can hide the specific layers when plotting in AUTOCAD?
To hide the specific layers while plotting, you can use various options like turning off
the layers for plotting, freezing the layers and turning off. Turning off for plotting will show
the layers on the screen but wont output on printing. The layers that are turned off will hide
the layers and also it will not appear on the screen.

33
EX.No: 7
DRAWING OF A PLAN OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING (TWO BED
ROOMS,KITCHEN, HALL)
Date:

AIM:
To draw the plan of residential building with two bedrooms kitchen and hall.

HARDWARE USED:
Pentium IV Processor.
80 GB Hard Disk.
512 MB Ram.
300 GHz Speed.

SOFTWARE USED:
AUTOCAD 2012.

COMMAND USED:

LINE. TRIM

TEXT. OFFSET

DIMENSIONS. MOVE

COPY PROPERTIES

PROCEDURE:
1. Set the units to mm.
2. Using LIMITS Command set the limits to 420,297.
3. Using ZOOM Command fit the drawing to window.
4. Draw each block in the plan by using line command.
5. Hatch the window by using BHATCH command.

34
 6. Detail the drawing as per dimensions.
GIVEN DAIGRAM

RESULT:
The plan of residential building with two bedrooms kitchen, hall is drawn and
detailed as per given dimensions.

35
 VIVA QUESTIONS

1. What is the process of copying the dimension styles from one drawing to another in
AUTOCAD?
Copying of dimension styles require setting up the particular dimension style. To copy
a dimension style, a new document has to be created. Once it is created, this document will
be saved as a drawing template. A new reference will be created by new drawing template
document and it will show all the options like layer style, units and blocks. Drawing can
be done by seeing the current drawing and dimension style would be same as the original
picture. By using the design center, AUTOCAD tools can be used to copy the dimension
styles from one drawing to another.
2. How can you remove the empty layers from drawing?
The layers can be removed only when the object resides in the layers will be removed,
once it is removed it is an empty layer. The empty layers cannot be deleted by purge. It
might be because the layer is frozen on a viewport or referenced by an object in a block
definition. By using EXPORT command it is possible to remove the layer from drawing,
which results in creating a DXF file of the drawing. You can edit the dxf file in a text editor
and rename all the instances of layers in the file, except the layer definition.
3. Why AUTOCAD WS is more popular among mobile users?
AUTOCAD WS provides many option for mobile application developer like edit, view
and share. They can easily share the application wherever they go and can develop an
application in a matter of time. The application can be downloaded and installed from
anywhere in the world, ignoring the licensing problem. The users can save file in any
format and can run the application on any platform with ease.
4. How can you make a spring, spiral or screw thread?
To make a spiral or screw thread use an AutoLISP routine such as spiral.1sp, it will
create a spiral path according to your need. Then you can use EXTRUDE command with
a reference object, using the spiral as the path. Also, there is another way you can do this,
by using Mechanical Desktop (MDT) or Autosurf by using augmented lines as path.

36
5. Tell me how you assign the keyboard characters or function keys to AUTOCAD
commands?
By editing the ACCELERATORS section of the AUTOCAD menu file we can assign
keyboard characters to AUTOCAD commands.
7. How you can open a drawing file that was created with the automatic save features?
AUTOCAD files have an extension of .dwg and will only open those files having
this extension. To open the drawing files you have to rename it, by using Explorer or
DOS prompt you can do that. If you are using EXPLORER you have to make sure that
the option of Hide file extensions for known file types is not enabled. After the file is
copied you can rename and use the OPEN command in AUTOCAD to open the drawing.
8. What will you do when command prompts appear on the command line instead of
ASE dialog box and plot dialog box?
In AUTOCAD, CMDDIA variable controls the display of dialog boxes. To enable
these dialog boxes you have to set CMDDIA to 1.
9. In AUTOCAD, what is the command that is used to rotate the grid at 45 degress?
To rotate the grid at 45 degrees, command UCS is used.
10. In what situation command prompt appears instead of a dialog boxes?
If a file command is imported from a script or AutoLISP/ ObjectARX/ ADSRX
a command prompt appears instead of a dialog box.
11. What are grips?
Grips are small boxes that appear on the objects you select. You can move or edit an
object by dragging a grip.

37
EX.No:8
DRAWING OF A SIMPLE STEEL TRUSS
Date:

AIM:
To draw the following steel truss in AUTOCAD.

HARDWARE USED:
Pentium IV Processor
80 GB Hard Disk.
512 MB Ram.
300 GHz Speed.

SOFTWARE USED:
AUTOCAD 2012.

COMMAND USED:

LINE. TRIM

TEXT. OFFSET

DIMENSIONS. MOVE

COPY PROPERTIES

PROCEDURE:
Set the units to mm.
Using LIMITS Command set the limits to 420,297.
Using ZOOM Command fit the drawing to window.
Draw each member by using LINE command.
Using MOVE ,ROTATE and TRIM commands,complete the drawing.
Detail the drawing as per dimensions.

38
GIVEN DIAGRAM

RESULT:
The steel truss is drawn and detailed as per given dimensions.

39
 VIVA QUESTIONS

1. What you are supposed to do when Enter Attributes dialogue doesnt display?
In this case, two variable controls this function, ATTREQ and ATTDIA , to see the
Enter Attributes dialogue , make sure both the variables are set to 1 and not 0.
2. What are projection, projector and plane of projection?
Projection is an image or a view. Projectors are the lines drawn from each and every
point of the object. These lines are perpendicular to the plane of projection & parallel to
each other. Plane of projection (POP) is the plane on which image is drawn.
3. Differentiate first and third angle projection.
a. Object is placed in first and third quadrant in first and third angle projection
respectively.
b. Object is in between POP and observer in first angle projection, whereas in third
angle projection POP is in between object and observer.
c. In first angle projection, Plan (Top View) is below the Elevation (Front
View).Right side view is on the left of elevation and Left side view is on the
right of the elevation.
d. In third angle projection , Plan (Top View) is above the Elevation (Front
View).Right side view is on the right of front view (elevation) and Left side
view is on the left of the elevation.
4. what is difference between orthographic and pictorial views?
Orthographic projection is commonly used because it gives 100% details of an object
by drawing different views e.g. Elevation, Plan, side views, section views auxiliary views
etc. It is 2-D, whereas Pictorial views are 3-D and dont give full details. Yes pictorial
projection can be understood by a layman easily, but orthographic projection can be
understood by an engineer or concerned person only.
5. The standard size of sheets according to I.S.I. are
A0 (1189 X 841),
A1 (841 X 594),

40
 A2 (594 X 420),
A3 (420 X 297),
A4 (297 X 210) and
A5 (210 X 148).
6. List out the contents of title block.
The title block should contain the following information.
Name of the institution
Title of drawing
Name, Branch, section and Roll no. of the student
Type of scale used
Drawing number
i. Type of symbol for the method of projection
7. What is the command for UNDO option REDO
8. Command to Zoom in 50% Zoom 1/2x
9. What is .ctb File Color Settings file used with AUTOCAD
10. What is difference between associated hatching and non associated hatching The
former moves with the boundary where the later did not.

41
EX.No:9 DRAWING SECTIONAL VIEWS OF SOLIDS LIKE CYLINDER,
PRISMS
Date:

AIM:
To draw sectional view of Solids like cylinder, prisms, etc.

HARDWARE USED:
Pentium IV Processor.
80 GB Hard Disk.
512 MB Ram.
300 GHz Speed.

SOFTWARE USED:
AUTOCAD 2012.

COMMAND USED:

LINE. MOVE

TEXT. PROPERTIES

DIMENSIONS. HATCH

COPY ANGULAR DIMENSIONING

TRIM POLAR CO-ORINATE METHOD

OFFSET

PROCEDURE:
1. Set the units to mm.
2. Using LIMITS Command set the limits to 420,297.
3. Using ZOOM Command fit the drawing to window.
4. Draw the sectional view of the cylinder using line and circle commands.

42
 5. Hatch the sectional area using BHATCH Command.
6. Detail the drawing as per dimensions.

GIVEN DIAGRAN

RESULT:
The sectional view Solids is drawn and detailed as per given dimensions.

43
 VIVA QUESTIONS

1. Difference between Divide and measure command Divide command is for dividing
a line in equal dimension where measure is used to break lines as per our requirement.
2. The default workspace for AUTUCAD My workspace
3. The key for cycle through snap points TAB Key
4. AUTOCAD Drawing units Architectural, Decimal, Engineering etc
5. Settings used for Polar Tracking Increment and Additional Angles
6. What is the use of HOT grip Move, Rotate, Scale
7. Steps to move a object Point where it should be moved then use displacement option.
Now select the object to be moved and then place it there.
8. What command is used for Copying many objects COPY
9. Various Filters Group Filters, Property Filters, Layer standard Filters
10. Where to find the Units options Format -> Units

44
EX.No:10 DRAWING ISOMETRIC PROJECTION OF SIMPLE
Date: OBJECT

AIM:
To create the isometric projection of the given drawing.
HARDWARE USED:
Pentium Iv Processor.
80 GB Hard Disk.
512 MB Ram.
300 GHz Speed.

SOFTWARE USED:
AUTOCAD 2012.

COMMANDS USED

WORKSPACE EXTRUDE

3D MODELING PROPERTIES

LINE OFFSET

TRIM UCS

COPY UCS ORIGIN

MOVE 3 POINT UCS

REGION

PROCEDURE:
1. Set the units to mm.
2. Using LIMITS Command set the limits to 420,297.
3. Using ZOOM Command fit the drawing to window.

45
 4. Set snap style to isometric using SNAP command.
5. Keep the cursor in isoplane left by pressing F5 key.
6. Complete the projection using LINE, COPY,TRIM commands.
7. Detail the drawing as per dimensions.

GIVEN DIAGRAM

RESULT:
The isometric projection of the given drawing is drawn and detailed as per
given dimensions.
46
 VIVA QUESTIONS

1. Format for Drawing Limits <0.00,0.00>

2. Which key will switch off the Gridlines F7
3. Options for Visual Reference GRID, SNAP Mode
4. To remove objects which command is used ERASE
5. How to repeat a Command Right click will bring a list in which first one will be
the repeat command
6. Does AUTOCAD 2013 software support 64-bit operating systems?
Yes. See the system requirements above.
7. Does AUTOCAD 2013 software support Mac OS X?
AUTOCAD 2013 for Mac supports some versions of Mac OS- X. See the system
requirements above. 8. Understanding the Cartesian coordinate system will help the
beginning drafter.
Control the accuracy of the drawing.
9. What is use of this explode command in Auto Cad. Breaks an object into its components
object
10. What is use of this array polar command in Auto Cad? Create a circular pattern of object

47