ASSIGNMENT DRIVE - SPRING 2017

PROGRAM - Bachelor of Science in Information Technology - B.SC (IT)

SEMESTER - I

SUBJECT CODE & NAME - BIT101 Fundamentals of Information Technology

BK ID B2071 NUMBER OF ASSIGNMENTS, CREDITS & MARKS 2, 4 Credits,

30 marks each

Assignment Set -1 Questions

Q1 Explain the characteristics of computers. 10

Answer:-

The characteristics of a computer are:

1. Speed

The computer is a very high speed electronic device. The operations on the data inside the
computer are performed through electronic circuits according to the given instructions. The data
and instructions flow along these circuits with high speed that is close to the speed of light.
Computer can perform millions of billions of operations on the data in one second. The
computer generates signals during the operation process therefore the speed of computer is
usually measure in megahertz (MHz) or Giga hertz (GHz). It means million cycles units of
frequency is hertz per second. Different computers have different speed.

2. Arithmetical and Logical Operations

A computer can perform arithmetical and logical operations. In arithmetic operations, it

performs the addition, subtraction, multiplication and division on the numeric data. In logical
operation it compares the numerical data as well as alphabetical data.

3. Accuracy

In addition to being very fast, computer is also very accurate device. It gives accurate output
result provided that the correct input data and set of instructions are given to the computer. It
means that output is totally depended on the given instructions and input data. If input data is
in-correct then the resulting output will be in-correct. In computer terminology it is known as
garbage-in garbage-out.

4. Reliability

The electronic components in modern computer have very low failure rate. The modern
computer can perform very complicated calculations without creating any problem and
produces consistent (reliable) results. In general, computers are very reliable. Many personal
computers have never needed a service call. Communications are also very reliable and generally
available whenever needed.

5. Storage

A computer has internal storage (memory) as well as external or secondary storage. In

secondary storage, a large amount of data and programs (set of instructions) can be stored for
future use. The stored data and programs are available any time for processing. Similarly
information downloaded from the internet can be saved on the storage media.

6. Retrieving data and programs

The data and program stored on the storage media can be retrieved very quickly for further
processing. It is also very important feature of a computer.

7. Automation

A computer can automatically perform operations without interfering the user during the
operations. It controls automatically different devices attached with the computer. It executes
automatically the program instructions one by one.

8. Versatility

Versatile means flexible. Modern computer can perform different kind of tasks one by one of
simultaneously. It is the most important feature of computer. At one moment you are playing
game on computer, the next moment you are composing and sending emails etc. In colleges and
universities computers are used to deliver lectures to the students. The talent of computer is
dependent on the software.

9. Communications
Today computer is mostly used to exchange messages or data through computer networks all
over the world. For example the information can be received or send through the internet with
the help of computer. It is most important feature of the modern information technology.

10. Diligence

A computer can continually work for hours without creating any error. It does not get tired while
working after hours of work it performs the operations with the same accuracy as well as speed
as the first one.

11. Feelings

Computer is an electronic machine. It has no feelings. It detects objects on the basis of

instructions given to it. Based on our feelings, taste, knowledge and experience: we can make
certain decisions and judgments in our daily life. On the other hand, computer cannot make
such judgments on their own. Their judgments are totally based on instructions given to them.

12. Consistency

People often have difficulty to repeat their instructions again and again. For example, a lecturer
feels difficulty to repeat a same lecture in a class room again and again. Computer can repeat
actions consistently (again and again) without losing its concentration:

o To run a spell checker (built into a word processor) for checking spellings in a document.
o To play multimedia animations for training purposes.
o To deliver a lecture through computer in a class room etc.
o A computer will carry out the activity with the same way every time.
o You can listen a lecture or perform any action again and again.

Q2 Explain Software Testing Strategy. 10

Answer:-

Software Testing Strategy

This strategy defines the role of software and leads to software requirements analysis, where the
information domain, function, behavior, performance, constraints, and validation criteria for
software- are established. Moving inward along the spiral, we come to design and finally to
coding. To develop computer software, we spiral inward along streamlines that decrease the
level of abstraction on each turn. Software testing strategy is explained in figure below:

A strategy for software testing may also be viewed in the context of the spiral shown in figure
above. Unit testing begins at the vortex of the spiral and concentrates on each unit (i.e.,
component) of the software as implemented in source code. Testing progresses outwards along
the spiral to integration testing, where the focus is on design and the construction of the
software architecture. Taking another turn outward on the spiral, we encounter validation
testing, where requirements established as part of software requirements analysis are validated
against the software that has been constructed. Finally, we arrive at system testing, where the
software and other system elements are tested as a whole. To test computer software, we spiral
out along stream-lines that broaden the scope of testing with each turn.

Considering the process from a procedural point of view, testing within the context of software
engineering is actually a series of four steps that are implemented sequentially. The steps are
shown in Figure above. Initially, tests focus on each component individually, ensuring that it
functions properly as a unit. Hence, the name is unit testing. Unit testing makes heavy use of
white-box testing techniques, exercising specific paths in a module's control structure to ensure
complete coverage and maximum error detection. Next, components must be assembled or
integrated to form the complete software package. Integration testing addresses the issues
associated with the dual problems of verification and program construction. Black-box test case
design techniques are the most prevalent during integration, although a limited amount of
white-box testing may be used to ensure coverage of major control paths. After the software has
been integrated (constructed), a set of high-order tests are conducted. Validation criteria
(established during requirements analysis) must be tested. Validation testing provides final
assurance that software meets all functional, behavioral, and performance requirements. Black-
box testing techniques are used exclusively during validation.

Q3 Explain cloud system architecture. 10

Answer:-

Assignment Set 2 Questions

Q1 Write a brief note on different cloud deployment model. 10

Answer:-

Q 2 Explain different internet connection types. 10

Answer:-

Q3 Mention different software application. 10

Answer:-