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MATH 136 Exponential Growth and Decay Exercises

This document contains exercises involving exponential growth and decay functions. It includes: 1) Finding exponential functions to model four situations involving growth and decay rates. 2) Solving problems related to the exponential function modeling a 21% growth every 6 years, including finding future values, derivatives, and averages. 3) Similar problems for an exponential decay function modeling a decrease of 2400 to 3000 mg over 4 days. 4) An exponential growth model for US population from 1990-2050, including future population estimates, time until population reaches 500 million, derivatives, and averages. 5) An exponential growth problem modeling account growth with 2% increase every quarter, with solutions including future amounts, time

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74 views

MATH 136 Exponential Growth and Decay Exercises

This document contains exercises involving exponential growth and decay functions. It includes: 1) Finding exponential functions to model four situations involving growth and decay rates. 2) Solving problems related to the exponential function modeling a 21% growth every 6 years, including finding future values, derivatives, and averages. 3) Similar problems for an exponential decay function modeling a decrease of 2400 to 3000 mg over 4 days. 4) An exponential growth model for US population from 1990-2050, including future population estimates, time until population reaches 500 million, derivatives, and averages. 5) An exponential growth problem modeling account growth with 2% increase every quarter, with solutions including future amounts, time

Uploaded by

Cristian
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH 136 Exponential Growth and Decay Exercises

1. Find the exponential growth or decay function:

(a) Start with amount $4000 and increase 21% every 6 years.
(b) Start with amount 2000 and decrease 10% every 1/2 of a year.
(c) Start with amount 50. In 10 hours, the amount is 120.
(d) Start with amount 3000 mg. In 4 days, the amount is 2400 mg.

2. For the function in 1(a),

(i) Give the value after 18 years. (ii) Evaluate f (t) and f (18) .
(iii) Compute the average value of the function over the interval [0, 18].

3. For the function in 1(d),

(i) Give the value after 20 days. (ii) Evaluate f (t) and f (20) .
(iii) Compute the average value of the function over the interval [0, 20].


4. The U.S. population is growing exponentially. On July 1, 1990 the pop. was about
249 million. On July 1, 1995 the pop. was about 263 million.

Assuming this rate continues,

(a) Find a function for the exponential growth (starting on July 1, 1990).

(b) Estimate the pop. on July 1, 2050.

(c) How long until the U.S. population reaches 500 million?

(d) Find the rate of change on July 1, 2000 .

(e) What would be the average population from July 1, 1990 to July 1, 2050?

(f) On July 1, 2010, the population was about 309.6 million. Has the function from (a)
held up over the years?

5. You deposit $5000. Every quarter (1/4 th of a year) you gain 2%.

(a) Find a function for the exponential growth.

(b) Estimate the amount three years.

(c) How long until the account reaches $12,000?

(d) Find the rate of change at t = 2 years.

(e) What is the average amount from from 0 to 5 years?



Solutions

1. (a) f (t) = $ 4000(1.21) t / 6 , t 0, t in yrs. (b) f (t) = 2000(0.90)2t , t 0, t in years.

(c) f (t) = 50(120 / 50)t /10 = 50(2.4)t /10 , t 0, t in hours.



(d) f (t) = 3000(2400 / 3000)t / 4 = 3000(0.8)t / 4 mg, t 0, t in days.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. f (t) = 4000(1.21) t / 6 ; (i) f (18) = $7086.24



t / 6 1
(ii) f (t) = 4000(1.21) ln(1.21) f (18) 225.13 dollars per year
6
18 18
1 4000(1.21) t / 6dt = 6 4000
(iii)
18 0
18ln(1.21)
4000(1.21) t / 6
0
=
3ln(1.21)
( )
1.213 1 $5396.84

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. f (t) = 3000(0.8)t / 4 mg (i) f (20) = 983.04 mg

1
(ii) f (t) = 3000(0.8) t / 4 ln(0.8) f (20) 54.84 mg per day
4

20
1 20 4 600

(iii)
20 0
3000(0.8) t / 4 dt =
20ln(0.8)
3000(0.8) t / 4
0
=
ln(0.8)
( )
0.8 5 1 1807.769 mg

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
kt 263 t / 5
4. In millions, f (t) = C a = 249 , t 0, t in years, where t = 0 is 07/01/1990.
249

(b) 07/01/2050 is 60 yrs; thus, f (60) 480 million.



t / 5 t / 5
263 263 t
(c) Solve 249 = 500 = 500/249 ln(263 / 249) = ln(500 / 249)
249 249 5
5ln(500 / 249)
t= 63.724 years from July 1, 1990, which is early 2054.
ln(263 / 249)

1 263 t / 5
(d) f (t) = 249 ln(263 / 249) ; thus, f (10) 3.039 million per year.
5 249

(e) These dates correspond to [0, 60]. The average value is

60
1 60 263 t / 5 249 1 263 t / 5
249 dt =
60 0 249 60 (1 / 5)ln(263 / 249) 249 0

20. 75 263 12 20. 75


= 351. 971 million people .
ln(263 / 249) 249 ln(263 / 249)
(f) According to (a), the pop. on 07/01/2010 should have been f (20) 309.9 million.
Yes, the model has held up.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5. (a) f (t) = 5000(1.02) 4t , t 0, t in years. (b) f (3) = $6341.21

(c) 5000(1.02) 4t = 12000 (1.02)4 t = 2.4 4t ln(1.02) = ln(2.4)


ln(2. 4) years.
t= 11.0524
4ln(1.02)

(d) f (t) = 5000 4 ln(1.02) (1.02)4 t ; thus, f (2) $464.04 per year.

5 5
1 4t 1000 250 250
(e) 5000 (1.02) dt = (1. 02) 4t
= (1. 02)20 $6134.88.
5 4 ln(1.02) 0 ln(1.02) ln(1.02)
0

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