Scribd
Upload
355 views

Ventolin

This document summarizes the drug Ventolin Expectorant, which contains salbutamol and guaifenesin. Salbutamol is a selective beta-2 adrenergic bronchodilator that relaxes smooth muscles in the bronchioles. Guaifenesin makes mucus more fluid to aid expectoration and reduce coughing. The document outlines the pharmacokinetics, indications, dosing, adverse reactions and contraindications of the drug components. It is used to treat bronchospasm associated with asthma and other respiratory diseases.

Uploaded by

Arlan Abragan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
355 views

Ventolin

This document summarizes the drug Ventolin Expectorant, which contains salbutamol and guaifenesin. Salbutamol is a selective beta-2 adrenergic bronchodilator that relaxes smooth muscles in the bronchioles. Guaifenesin makes mucus more fluid to aid expectoration and reduce coughing. The document outlines the pharmacokinetics, indications, dosing, adverse reactions and contraindications of the drug components. It is used to treat bronchospasm associated with asthma and other respiratory diseases.

Uploaded by

Arlan Abragan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

GENERIC NAME: BRAND NAME:

Salbutamol + Guaifenesin Ventolin Expectorant


CLASSIFICATION:
Selective B2-adrenergic bronchodilator

PREGNANCY CLASS: C
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE:

MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Salbutamol is a selective B2 adrenoceptor agonist. At therapeutic doses it
acts on the B2 adrenoceptors of bronchial muscle, with little or no action on
the B1 adrenoceptors of cardiac muscle. It stimulates B2 receptors of
bronchioles by increasing levels of cAMP which relaxes smooth muscles to
produce bronchodilatation. Also causes CNS stimulation, cardiac stimulation,
increased diuresis, skeletal muscle tremors, and increased gastric acid
secretion.

Guaifenesin can make the viscous mucus of the respiratory pathway more
fluid and therefore expectoration and reduces cough.
PHARMACOKINETICS:

Absorption:
After oral administration, salbutamol is absorbed from the gastrointestinal
tract and undergoes considerable first-pass metabolism to the phenolic
sulfate (inactive 4-O-sulfate).
Guaifenesin is well-absorbed after oral administration. After the
administration of guaifenesin 600 mg in healthy adult volunteers the
maximum peak plasma concentration (Cmax) was approx 1.4 mcg/mL
with Tmax about 15 minutes after drug administration.
Distribution:
The bioavailability of orally administered salbutamol is about 50%.
Salbutamol is bound to plasma proteins to the extent of 10%.

Metabolism:
Salbutamol administered IV has a half-life (t1/2) of 4-6 hrs and is cleared
partly renally and partly by metabolism to the inactive 4'-O-sulfate
(phenolic sulfate) which is also excreted primarily in the urine.
Guaifenesin has a plasma t1/2 of approximately 1 hr and was not
detectable in the blood after 8 hrs. Guaifenesin appears to undergo both
oxidation and demethylation.

Elimination:
The majority of a dose of salbutamol given IV, orally or by inhalation is
excreted within 72 hrs primarily via urine. The feces are a minor route of
excretion.
Guaifenesin is excreted in urine.
INDICATIONS:
Relief of bronchospasm in bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema
and other reversible, obstructive pulmonary diseases. Also useful for treating
bronchospasm in patients with co-existing heart disease of hypertension.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION:

Capsule
Adults & Children over 12 years: 1-2 capsules two or three times a day.
Children 6-12 years: 1 capsule two or three times a day.
Below 6 years: Not recommended.

The capsule may be swallowed whole or the contents may be dispersed in a


little water to produce a pleasantly flavored suspension, if preferred.

Syrup
Adults: 10 to 20mL of expectorant syrup (2-4 mg salbutamol) two or three
times a day.
Children: 2-6 years: 5 to 10mL of expectorant syrup (1-2 mg salbutamol)
two or three times daily.
7-12 years: 10mL of expectorant syrup (2 mg salbutamol) two or three
times daily.
Over 12 years: 10 to 20mL of expectorant syrup (2-4mg salbutamol) two
or three times daily.

The volumes of syrup quoted are based on a formulation strength of 2 mg


salbutamol per 10mL of syrup.
ADVERSE REACTIONS:
It may cause a fine tremor of skeletal muscle, usually the hands are most
obviously affected. This effect is dose related and is common to all
-adrenergic stimulants.
A few patients experience a feeling of tension; this is also due to the
effects on skeletal muscle and not to direct CNS stimulation.
Occasionally headaches have been reported.
Peripheral vasodilatation and a compensatory small increase in heart rate
may occur in some patients.
Hypersensitivity reactions including angioedema, urticaria,
bronchospasm, hypotension and collapse have been reported very rarely.
There have been very rare reports of muscle cramps.
Potentially serious hypokalaemia may result from B2 agonist therapy.
As with other B2 agonists hyperactivity has been reported rarely in
children.
Cardiac arrhythmias (including atrial fibrillation, supraventricular
tachycardia and extrasystoles) may occur in susceptible patients.
CONTRAINDICATIONS:
History of hypersensitivity to salbutamol sulfate, guaifenesin or to any of
the excipients of Ventolin Expectorant.
Non-IV formulations of salbutamol must not be used to arrest
uncomplicated premature labor or threatened abortion.
Patients should be warned that if either the usual relief is diminished or
the usual duration of action reduced, they should not increase the dose or
its frequency of administration, but should seek medical advice.
Salbutamol should be administered cautiously to patients with
thyrotoxicosis.
Potentially serious hypokalaemia may result from B2 agonist therapy
mainly from parenteral and nebulised administration.
In common with other B-adrenoceptor agonists, Ventolin expectorant can
induce reversible metabolic changes, for example increased blood sugar
levels. The diabetic patient may be unable to compensate for this and the
development of ketoacidosis has been reported. Concurrent
administration of corticosteroids can exaggerate this effect.
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS:
It should not be taken more frequently than recommended
Do not increase the dose or frequency of doses without consulting your
physician
If you find that treatment becomes less effective for symptomatic relief,
your symptoms become worse, and/or you need to take the product more
frequently than usual, you should seek medical attention immediately
While you are taking the drug, other inhaled drugs and asthma
medications should be taken only as directed by your physician
If you are pregnant or nursing, contact your physician about the use of
Ventolin Expectorant
STORAGE AND HANDLING:
Temperature both capsule and syrup should be stored below 30 degrees
Celsius
Protect from light

You might also like