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PDES Assignment 1

1. This document discusses three alternative designs for an engine control unit and calculates the costs of a recall for each. It asks which design has the lowest cost if only 1,000 cars are affected. 2. It provides nine problems related to distributed systems and real-time systems, including clock synchronization, message latency, energy calculation, and scheduling tasks across two nodes. 3. References for the problems are provided from the textbook "Real-Time Systems" by Hermann Kopetz.

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Monurajan
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104 views

PDES Assignment 1

1. This document discusses three alternative designs for an engine control unit and calculates the costs of a recall for each. It asks which design has the lowest cost if only 1,000 cars are affected. 2. It provides nine problems related to distributed systems and real-time systems, including clock synchronization, message latency, energy calculation, and scheduling tasks across two nodes. 3. References for the problems are provided from the textbook "Real-Time Systems" by Hermann Kopetz.

Uploaded by

Monurajan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Subject code-EM2103 Subject-PDES

Assignment number-1
Problems:
1. Assume that an automotive company produces 2,000000 electronic engine controller of a special
type. The following design alternative is discussed:

(a)Construct the engine control unit as a single SRU with application software in Read Only
Memory(ROM).The production cost of such a unit is $250.In case of an error,
The complete unit has to be replaced.
(b)Construct the engine control unit such that the software is contained in a ROM that is placed
on a socket and can be replaced in case of a software error. The production cost of the unit
without the ROM is $248.The cost of ROM is $5.
(c)Construct the engine control unit as a single SRU where the software is loaded in a Flash
EPROM that can be reloaded. The production cost of such a unit is $255.
The labor cost of repair is assumed to be $50 for each vehicle. (It is assumed to be the same for
each one of the three alternatives). Calculate the cost of a software error for each one of the three
alternative design if 3000,000 cares have to be recalled because of the software error (refer page-
18, section-1.6.1). Which one is the lowest cost alternative if only 1,000 cars are affected by a
recall?
2. Given a clock synchronization system that achieves a precision of 90 micro second, what is the
reasonable granularity for the global time? What are the limits for the observed value for time
interval of 1.1 ms?
3. Given the latency jitter of 20 micro second, a clock drift of 10 s/s, and a resynchronization
-5
period of 1 s, what precision can be achieved by the central master algorithm?
4. Given a latency jitter of 20 micro second, a clock drift rate of 10 s/s and a resynchronization
-5
period of 1 s, what precision can be achieved by the FTA algorithm in a system with ten clocks
where one clock could be malicious?
5. Calculate the action delay in a distributed system with the following parameters:
dmax=20 ms, dmin=1ms:
(a) No global time available, and the granularity of the local time is 10 micro second.
(b) Granularity of global time 20 micro second.
6. Given a bandwidth of 500 Mbits/s, a channel length of 100 m and a message length of 80 bits,
what is the limit of the protocol efficiency that can be achieved at the media access level of a bus
system?
7. Calculate the dynamic energy of a program execution if the program contains 1,000,000
instructions, the supply voltage is 1 V,and the effective capacitance of an average instruction is
1 nF .
8. A node of an alarm monitoring system must monitor 50 alarms. The alarms must be reported to
the rest of the cluster within 10 ms by a 100 Kbits/s CAN bus. Sketch an implementation that
uses periodic CAN message (time triggered with a cycle of 10 ms) and an implementation that
uses sporadic event-triggered message, one for every occurring alarm. Compare the
implementations from these points of view: generated load under the condition of no alarm and
all alarms occurring simultaneously, guaranteed response time, and detection of a crash failure of
the alarm node.
9. Given-
Two Nodes or CPU-N1 and N2
Tasks-T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6
Two messages-M1 and M4
Study the following diagram:
N1
n N2
T T
1 2
T T
5 3
T T
6 4
And schedule using Precedence Graph.

Page reference for questions:


From book-Real time systems by Hermann Kopetz
1) Page-28
2) Page-78
3) Page-78
4) Page-78
5) Page-132
6) Page-189
7) Page-213
8) Page-237

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