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Network Chapter4 - Network Operating System (NOS)

This document discusses network operations and components. It describes the functions of a network operating system including directing data traffic, allowing/preventing access, and managing connections. The key components are client software installed on workstations and server software installed on file and print servers. It also discusses network services, printing procedures, solutions for multi-vendor environments, and the differences between centralized and client/server computing models.

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phannarith
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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241 views

Network Chapter4 - Network Operating System (NOS)

This document discusses network operations and components. It describes the functions of a network operating system including directing data traffic, allowing/preventing access, and managing connections. The key components are client software installed on workstations and server software installed on file and print servers. It also discusses network services, printing procedures, solutions for multi-vendor environments, and the differences between centralized and client/server computing models.

Uploaded by

phannarith
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 4:

Network Operations

7/17/2010
Objectives

 At the end of this session, you will be able to:


 Enumerate the functions of a Network Operating
System (NOS).
 Identify the components of a network operating
system.
 Identify the elements of client software.
 Identify the elements of server software.
 Understand the functioning of network services.
 Familiarize with the printing procedure on the
network.

7/17/2010
Objectives (contd.)

 Develop a solution for interoperability in a multi-


vendor environment.
 Differentiate between centralized computing and
client/server computing.

7/17/2010
Network Operating System

 Has all the features of a stand-alone operating


system
 Offers a lot of facilities in a complex
environment
Is responsible for:
 Directing data traffic through the network
 Allowing and preventing access to data
 Preventing access to data files while they are
being processed
 Managing the flow of information between a
variety of workstations
Managing requests for printer services
 7/17/2010
Network Operating System
(contd.)

 Managing communication and messages


between network user
 Managing connections between the network and
remote sites
 Has the following components:
Client software
 is the network software that is installed on the
clients
Server software
 is the network software that is installed on the
servers
7/17/2010
Redirector
 Is a component of the client software
 Is also referred to as a shell or a requester
 Is a small part of the network system that:
 Intercepts requests in the computer
 Determines if:
 the local computer can service the requests
 the request needs to be forwarded to another
server

Designator
 Makes it unnecessary for the users to know
about the actual location of data
 Sends requests to computers or peripherals

7/17/2010
Windows 2000 domain controller ties the network together

Windows 2000
domain controller

Windows 2000 Professional

File and
print server

7/17/2010
Server Software
 Allows users on the other machines to share
the server’s data and peripherals including:
Shared directories
Printers
Plotters
Disks
 Determines the degree of sharing which
include:
 Allowing different users different levels of
access to the resources
 Coordinating access to the resources to make
sure that two users do not use the same
resource
7/17/2010
Server Software (contd.)

 Assists the network administrator to determine


who will be able to use the network
Can be used to:
 Create user privileges
 Validate user names and passwords at the time
of logging on
 Grant or revoke user privileges on the network
 Add or remove users

7/17/2010
Windows Installation

 Installation requires the, following parameters to


be followed:
 Hardware compatibility
 Server naming information
 Hard disk partitioning
 Network adapter card settings
 TCP/IP installation information

7/17/2010
Hardware Compatibility
List

 Is the list of hardware components that have


been tested for compatibility with the OS

7/17/2010
Windows 2000 Installation
 Requires the user to provide the name of the
network segment
 Program prompts the user to specify the
server name
Requires the user to:
 Specify the network adapter card
 Provide the drivers for the card
 Specify the protocol used by the computer
 Provide information such as:
IRQ
port addressing
memory addressing
7/17/2010
Domain

 Is a logical grouping of computers to simplify


administration
 Users log on to a central computer called the
domain controller

7/17/2010
Partitioning

 Is the process of dividing the hard disk into


partitions

7/17/2010
TCP/IP

 Is the default protocol for a Windows 2000


Server installation
 Installation requires the user to provide
information like:
 IP address
 Subnet mask
 Default gateway
 2000 Server configuration

7/17/2010
IP Address

Is divided into a:
 Network ID
 Host ID
Has a network ID that:
 Identifies all hosts on the same physical
network
Has a host ID that:
 Identifies a specific host on a network

7/17/2010
Subnet Mask and Default
Gateway
 Subnet Mask
 Distinguishes the network ID portion from the
host ID portion

 Default Gateway
 Is the peripheral to which Internet protocol
sends packets
 That are destined for remote machines

7/17/2010
Server Configuration

 TCP/IP settings:
 Can be specified to configure the server
belonging to a large network that uses:
 TCP/IP
 DHCP protocols
 Indicate that the server must query a central
server for the settings

7/17/2010
Network Services

 Are a group of application programs that are


required by the NOS to run the network
 Installed by default are:
 Alerter services
 that notify administrators of various alerts
 Event log services that record in the event log
system events
security events
program events

7/17/2010
Network Services (contd.)

 Messenger services that manage messages sent


by the::
 administrator
 alerter services

7/17/2010
Network Printer

 Sends the data to be printed to the print server


 Where it is stored in a print spooler
 Receives the data from the print server
 Enables printing which involves:
 Redirection of the print job from the local printer
port to the network cable with the aid of the
redirector
 Retrieval of the print job by the print server
 Sending the job to the print queue with other
items
 Can be used by users who have the permission
7/17/2010
Data to be printed goes first to the printer server

Printer
Workstation

Print
Server

RDR
Redirector

7/17/2010
Multi-Vendor Environment

 Is created when clients on a network have


various operating systems
 Can have interoperability at
 Either server end
 Or client end

7/17/2010
Windows NT Server supporting clients from multiple vendors

Windows 2000
Server

Windows NT Apple
Novell Macintosh
NetWare

7/17/2010
The Client Solution

 Requires different redirectors to be implemented


 Which enable different computers to
communicate with different types of servers

7/17/2010
Windows NT Workstation using multiple redirectors

Novell Windows NT
server Windows NT
Server
Workstation

RDR RDR

7/17/2010
The Server Solution

 Requires the installation of a service on the


server
 Which enables communication in a multi-vendor
environment

7/17/2010
Netware
 With Windows 2000 Professoinal-based clients
requires:
NWLINK
 which is the Microsoft implementation of the IPX/SPX
protocol
 Client Service for NetWare (CSNW)
 which is Microsoft implementation of a Netware
requester
 With Windows 2000 Server requires:
NWLink
 Gateway Services for NetWare (GSNV)
 With Windows 95-based client requires:
 IPX/IP
 Microsoft client for NetWare networks
7/17/2010
Client/Server Networking
Model

 Has powerful computers as clients instead of


dumb terminals
 With clients and servers can be either:
 Centralized computing-based
 Or Client/Server-based
 Data storage warehouse server off-loads data to
other servers

7/17/2010
Centralized Computing

 Has a central computer that executes a program


 Permits remote terminal to merely display the
data
 Sends data back to the central computer

7/17/2010
Client/Server Computing

 Model involves the sharing of work between the


 Client
 Server
 Architecture is an efficient way to provide:
 Database access
 Database management
 Centralized file storage

7/17/2010
A simple client/server network

Clients

Server

7/17/2010
The client is the front end and the server is the back end

Server

Back end
Client

Front end
7/17/2010
Data can be localized on one server or distributed over several
servers
Single Server Client/Server Configuration

Server

Servers
Clients

Distributed Server
Client/Server Configuration Clients

7/17/2010

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