ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI

AFFILIATED INSTITUTIONS
R 2008
B.E. ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING

VI SEMESTERS CURRICULA AND SYLLABI

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(Applicable to the students admitted from the Academic year 20082009

onwards)
CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C
THEORY
MG2351 Principles of Management 3 0 0 3
EC2351 Measurements and Instrumentation 3 0 0 3
EC2352 Computer Networks 3 0 0 3
EC2353 Antenna and Wave Propagation 3 1 0 4
EC2354 VLSI Design 3 0 0 3
Elective I 3 0 0 3
PRACTICAL
EC2356 Computer Networks Lab 0 0 3 2
EC2357 VLSI Design Lab 0 0 3 2
GE2321 Communication Skills Lab 0 0 4 2
TOTAL 18 1 10 25
MG2351 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT LTPC
3003
UNIT I OVERVIEW OF MANAGEMENT 9
Organization - Management - Role of managers - Evolution of Management thought -
Organization and the environmental factors - Managing globally - Strategies for
International Business.

UNIT II PLANNING 9
Nature and purpose of planning - Planning process - Types of plans Objectives - -
Managing by objective (MBO) Strategies - Types of strategies - Policies - Decision
Making - Types of decision - Decision Making Process - Rational Decision Making
Process - Decision Making under different conditions.

UNIT III ORGANIZING 9

Nature and purpose of organizing - Organization structure - Formal and informal groups I
organization - Line and Staff authority - Departmentation - Span of control -
Centralization and Decentralization - Delegation of authority - Staffing - Selection and
Recruitment - Orientation - Career Development - Career stages Training - -
Performance Appraisal.

UNIT IV DIRECTING 9
Creativity and Innovation - Motivation and Satisfaction - Motivation Theories Leadership
- Leadership theories - Communication - Hurdles to effective communication -
Organization Culture - Elements and types of culture - Managing cultural diversity.

UNIT V CONTROLLING 9
Process of controlling - Types of control - Budgetary and non-budgetary control
techniques - Managing Productivity - Cost Control - Purchase Control - Maintenance
Control - Quality Control - Planning operations.
TOTAL = 45 PERIODS

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Stephen P. Robbins and Mary Coulter, 'Management', Prentice Hall of India,
8th edition.
2. Charles W L Hill, Steven L McShane, 'Principles of Management', Mcgraw Hill
Education, Special Indian Edition, 2007.

REFERENCES:
1. Hellriegel, Slocum & Jackson, ' Management - A Competency Based
Approach', Thomson South Western, 10th edition, 2007.
2. Harold Koontz, Heinz Weihrich and Mark V Cannice, Management A global
& Entrepreneurial Perspective, Tata Mcgraw Hill, 12th edition, 2007.
3. Andrew J. Dubrin, 'Essentials of Management', Thomson Southwestern, 7th
edition, 2007.

EC2351 MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION LTPC

300 3

AIM
To introduce the concept of measurement and the related instrumentation requirement
as a vital ingredient of electronics and communication engineering.

OBJECTIVES
To learn
Basic measurement concepts
Concepts of electronic measurements
Importance of signal generators and signal analysers in measurements
Relevance of digital instruments in measurements
The need for data acquisition systems
Measurement techniques in optical domains.

UNIT I BASIC MEASUREMENT CONCEPTS 9

Measurement systems Static and dynamic characteristics units and standards of
measurements error :- accuracy and precision, types, statistical analysis moving coil,
moving iron meters multimeters Bridge measurements : Maxwell, Hay, Schering,
Anderson and Wien bridge.

UNIT II BASIC ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS 9

Electronic multimeters Cathode ray oscilloscopes block schematic applications
special oscilloscopes : delayed time base oscilloscopes, analog and digital storage
oscilloscope, sampling oscilloscope Q meters Vector meters RF voltage and
power measurements True RMS meters.

UNIT III SIGNAL GENERATORS AND ANALYZERS 9

Function generators pulse and square wave generators, RF signal generators
Sweep generators Frequency synthesizer wave analyzer Harmonic distortion
analyzer spectrum analyzer :- digital spectrum analyzer, Vector Network Analyzer
Digital L,C,R measurements, Digital RLC meters.

UNIT IV DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS 9

Comparison of analog and digital techniques digital voltmeter multimeters
frequency counters measurement of frequency and time interval extension of
frequency range Automation in digital instruments, Automatic polarity indication,
automatic ranging, automatic zeroing, fully automatic digital instruments, Computer
controlled test systems, Virtual instruments.

UNIT V DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS AND FIBER OPTIC MEASUREMENT9

Elements of a digital data acquisition system interfacing of transducers multiplexing
data loggers computer controlled instrumentation IEEE 488 bus fiber optic
measurements for power and system loss optical time domains reflectometer.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Albert D.Helfrick and William D.Cooper Modern Electronic Instrumentation and
Measurement Techniques, Pearson / Prentice Hall of India, 2007.
2. Ernest O. Doebelin, Measurement Systems- Application and Design, TMH, 2007.

REFERENCES
1. Joseph J.Carr, Elements of Electronics Instrumentation and Measurement, Pearson
Education, 2003.
2. Alan. S. Morris, Principles of Measurements and Instrumentation, 2nd Edition,
Prentice Hall of India, 2003.
3. David A. Bell, Electronic Instrumentation and measurements, Prentice Hall of India
Pvt Ltd, 2003.
4. B.C. Nakra and K.K. Choudhry, Instrumentation, Meaurement and Analysis, 2nd
Edition, TMH, 2004.
5. James W. Dally, William F. Riley, Kenneth G. McConnell, Instrumentation for
Engineering Measurements, 2nd Edition, John Wiley, 2003.

EC2352 COMPUTER NETWORKS L T P C

3 0 0 3

AIM
To introduce the concept, terminologies, and technologies used in modern data
communication and computer networking.

OBJECTIVES
To introduce the students the functions of different layers.
To introduce IEEE standard employed in computer networking.
To make students to get familiarized with different protocols and network
components.

UNIT I PHYSICAL LAYER 9

Data Communications Networks - Networks models OSI model Layers in OSI
model TCP / IP protocol suite Addressing Guided and Unguided Transmission
media
Switching: Circuit switched networks Data gram Networks Virtual circuit networks
Cable networks for Data transmission: Dialup modems DSL Cable TV Cable TV for
Data transfer.

UNIT II DATA LINK LAYER 10

Data link control: Framing Flow and error control Protocols for Noiseless and Noisy
Channels HDLC
Multiple access: Random access Controlled access
Wired LANS : Ethernet IEEE standards standard Ethernet changes in the standard
Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet.
Wireless LANS : IEEE 802.11Bluetooth.
Connecting LANS: Connecting devices - Backbone networks - Virtual LANS
Virtual circuit networks: Architecture and Layers of Frame Relay and ATM.

UNIT III NETWORK LAYER 9

Logical addressing: IPv4, IPv6 addresses
Internet Protocol: Internetworking IPv4, IPv6 - Address mapping ARP, RARP,
BOOTP, DHCP, ICMP, IGMP, Delivery - Forwarding - Routing Unicast, Multicast
routing protocols.
UNIT IV TRANSPORT LAYER 7
Process-to-Process delivery - User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP) Congestion Control Quality of services (QoS) Techniques to
improve QoS.

UNIT V APPLICATION LAYER 10

Domain Name System (DNS) E-mail FTP WWW HTTP Multimedia Network
Security: Cryptography Symmetric key and Public Key algorithms - Digital signature
Management of Public keys Communication Security Authentication Protocols.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Behrouz A. Foruzan, Data communication and Networking, Tata McGraw-Hill,
2006: Unit I-IV
2. Andrew S. Tannenbaum, Computer Networks, Pearson Education, Fourth Edition,
2003: Unit V

REFERENCES
1. Wayne Tomasi, Introduction to Data Communication and Networking, 1/e, Pearson
Education.
2. James .F. Kurouse & W. Rouse, Computer Networking: A Topdown Approach
Featuring,3/e, Pearson Education.
3. C.Sivaram Murthy, B.S.Manoj, Ad hoc Wireless Networks Architecture and
Protocols, Second Edition, Pearson Education.
4. Greg Tomshon, Ed Tittel, David Johnson. Guide to Networking Essentials,
fifth edition, Thomson India Learning, 2007.
5. William Stallings, Data and Computer Communication, Eighth Edition, Pearson
Education, 2000.

EC2353 ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION L T PC

3 1 0 4
AIM
To enable the student to study the various types of antennas and wave propagation.

OBJECTIVES
To study radiation from a current element.
To study antenna arrays
To study aperture antennas
To learn special antennas such as frequency independent and broad band
antennas.
To study radio wave propagation.

UNIT I ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION AND ANTENNA FUNDAMENTALS 9

Review of electromagnetic theory: Vector potential, Solution of wave equation, retarded
case, Hertizian dipole. Antenna characteristics: Radiation pattern, Beam solid angle,
Directivity, Gain, Input impedance, Polarization, Bandwidth, Reciprocity, Equivalence of
Radiation patterns, Equivalence of Impedances, Effective aperture, Vector effective
length, Antenna temperature.

UNIT II WIRE ANTENNAS AND ANTENNA ARRAYS 9

Wire antennas: Short dipole, Radiation resistance and Directivity, Half wave Dipole,
Monopole, Small loop antennas. Antenna Arrays: Linear Array and Pattern Multiplication,
Two-element Array, Uniform Array, Polynomial representation, Array with non-uniform
Excitation-Binomial Array

UNIT III APERTURE ANTENNAS 9

Aperture Antennas: Magnetic Current and its fields, Uniqueness theorem, Field
equivalence principle, Duality principle, Method of Images, Pattern properties, Slot
antenna, Horn Antenna, Pyramidal Horn Antenna, Reflector Antenna-Flat reflector,
Corner Reflector, Common curved reflector shapes, Lens Antenna.

UNIT IV SPECIAL ANTENNAS AND ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS 9

Special Antennas: Long wire, V and Rhombic Antenna, Yagi-Uda Antenna, Turnstile
Antenna, Helical Antenna- Axial mode helix, Normal mode helix, Biconical Antenna, Log
periodic Dipole Array, Spiral Antenna, Microstrip Patch Antennas.
Antenna Measurements: Radiation Pattern measurement, Gain and Directivity
Measurements, Anechoic Chamber measurement.

UNIT V RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION 9

Calculation of Great Circle Distance between any two points on earth, Ground Wave
Propagation, Free-space Propagation, Ground Reflection, Surface waves, Diffraction,
Wave propagation in complex Environments, Tropospheric Propagation, Tropospheric
Scatter. Ionospheric propagation: Structure of ionosphere, Sky waves, skip distance,
Virtual height, Critical frequency, MUF, Electrical properties of ionosphere, Effects of
earths magnetic fields, Faraday rotation, Whistlers.

TUTORIAL = 15 TOTAL =45 + 15 =60 PERIODS

TEXTBOOKS
1. E.C.Jordan and Balmain, Electromagnetic waves and Radiating Systems, Pearson
Education / PHI, 2006
2. A.R.Harish, M.Sachidanada, Antennas and Wave propagation, Oxford University
Press, 2007.

REFERENCES
1. John D.Kraus, Ronald J Marhefka and Ahmad S Khan, Antennas for all
Applications,
2. Tata McGraw-Hill Book Company, 3 ed, 2007.
3. G.S.N.Raju, Antenna Wave Propagation, Pearson Education, 2004.
4. Constantine A. Balanis, Antenna Theory Analysis and Desin, John Wiley, 2nd Edition,
2007.
5. R.E.Collins, Antenna and Radiowave propagation,
6. W.L Stutzman and G.A. Thiele, Antenna analysis and design, John Wiley, 2000.
EC2354 VLSI DESIGN L T PC
3 0 0 3
AIM
To introduce the technology, design concepts and testing of Very Large Scale Integrated
Circuits.

OBJECTIVES
To learn the basic CMOS circuits.
To learn the CMOS process technology.
To learn techniques of chip design using programmable devices.
To learn the concepts of designing VLSI subsystems.
To learn the concepts of modeling a digital system using Hardware Description
Language.

UNIT I CMOS TECHNOLOGY 9

A brief History-MOS transistor, Ideal I-V characteristics, C-V characteristics, Non ideal I-
V effects, DC transfer characteristics - CMOS technologies, Layout design Rules, CMOS
process enhancements, Technology related CAD issues, Manufacturing issues

UNIT II CIRCUIT CHARACTERIZATION AND SIMULATION 9

Delay estimation, Logical effort and Transistor sizing, Power dissipation, Interconnect,
Design margin, Reliability, Scaling- SPICE tutorial, Device models, Device
characterization, Circuit characterization, Interconnect simulation

UNIT III COMBINATIONAL AND SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT DESIGN 9

Circuit families Low power logic design comparison of circuit families Sequencing
static circuits, circuit design of latches and flip flops, Static sequencing element
methodology- sequencing dynamic circuits synchronizers

UNIT IV CMOS TESTING 9

Need for testing- Testers, Text fixtures and test programs- Logic verification- Silicon
debug principles- Manufacturing test Design for testability Boundary scan

UNIT V SPECIFICATION USING VERILOG HDL 9

Basic concepts- identifiers- gate primitives, gate delays, operators, timing controls,
procedural assignments conditional statements, Data flow and RTL, structural gate level
switch level modeling, Design hierarchies, Behavioral and RTL modeling, Test benches,
Structural gate level description of decoder, equality detector, comparator, priority
encoder, half adder, full adder, Ripple carry adder, D latch and D flip flop.

TOTAL = 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Weste and Harris: CMOS VLSI DESIGN (Third edition) Pearson Education, 2005
2. Uyemura J.P: Introduction to VLSI circuits and systems, Wiley 2002.

REFERENCES
1. D.A Pucknell & K.Eshraghian Basic VLSI Design, Third edition, PHI, 2003
2. Wayne Wolf, Modern VLSI design, Pearson Education, 2003
3. M.J.S.Smith: Application specific integrated circuits, Pearson Education, 1997
4. J.Bhasker: Verilog HDL primer, BS publication,2001
5. Ciletti Advanced Digital Design with the Verilog HDL, Prentice Hall of India, 2003
EC2356 COMPUTER NETWORKS LABORATORY LTPC
003 2
1. PC to PC Communication
2. Parallel Communication using 8 bit parallel cable
3. Serial communication using RS 232C
4. Ethernet LAN protocol
5. To create scenario and study the performance of CSMA/CD protocol through
simulation
6. Token bus and token ring protocols
7. To create scenario and study the performance of token bus and token ring
protocols through simulation
8. Wireless LAN protocols
9. To create scenario and study the performance of network with CSMA / CA
protocol and compare with CSMA/CD protocols.
3. Implementation and study of stop and wait protocol
4. Implementation and study of Goback-N and selective repeat protocols
5. Implementation of distance vector routing algorithm
6. Implementation of Link state routing algorithm
10.Implementation of Data encryption and decryption
11Transfer of files from PC to PC using Windows / Unix socket processing

EC2357 VLSI DESIGN LABORATORY LTP

C
0 03 2
1. Design Entry and simulation of combinational logic circuits (8 bit adders, 4 bit
multipliers, address decoders, multiplexers), Test bench creation, functional
verification, and concepts of concurrent and sequential execution to be highlighted.
2. Design Entry and simulation of sequential logic circuits (counters, PRBS generators,
accumulators). Test bench creation, functional verification, and concepts of
concurrent and sequential execution to be highlighted.
3. Synthesis, P&R and Post P&R simulation for all the blocks/codes developed in
Expt.
No. 1 and No. 2 given above. Concepts of FPGA floor plan, critical path, design
gate
count, I/O configuration and pin assignment to be taught in this experiment.
4. Generation of configuration/fuse files for all the blocks/codes developed as part
of Expt.1. and Expt. 2. FPGA devices must be configured and hardware tested
for the blocks/codes developed as part of Expt. 1. and Expt. 2. The
correctness of the inputs and outputs for each of the blocks must be demonstrated
atleast on oscilloscopes (logic analyzer preferred).
5. Schematic Entry and SPICE simulation of MOS differential amplifier. Determination
of
gain, bandwidth, output impedance and CMRR.
6. Layout of a simple CMOS inverter, parasitic extraction and simulation.
7. Design of a 10 bit number controlled oscillator using standard cell approach,
simulation
followed by study of synthesis reports.
8. Automatic layout generation followed by post layout extraction and simulation of
the circuit studied in Expt. No.7

Note 1. For Expt. 1 To 4 can be carried out using Altera (Quartus) / Xilinx
(Alliance) / ACTEL (Libero) tools.
 Note 2. For expt. 5-8 introduce the student to basics of IC design. These have to be
carried
out using atleast 0.5u CMOS technology libraries. The S/W tools needed
Cadence / MAGMA / Tanner.

LIST OF ELECTIVES

SEMESTER VI Elective

CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C

EC2021 Medical Electronics 3 0 0 3
EC2022 Operating Systems 3 0 0 3
EC2023 Solid State Electronic Devices 3 0 0 3
IT2064 Speech Processing 3 0 0 3
MA2264 Numerical Methods 3 1 0 4
CS2021 Multicore Programming 3 0 0 3

EC2021 MEDICAL ELECTRONICS L T PC

3 0 0 3
AIM
To make students to understand the applications of electronics in diagnostic and
therapeutic area.

OBJECTIVES
To study the methods of recording various biopotentials
To study how to measure biochemical and various physiological information
To understand the working of units which will help to restore normal functioning
To understand the use of radiation for diagnostic and therapy
To understand the need and technique of electrical safety in Hospitals

UNIT I ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGY AND BIO-POTENTIAL RECORDING 9

The origin of Bio-potentials; biopotential electrodes, biological amplifiers, ECG, EEG,
EMG, PCG, EOG, lead systems and recording methods, typical waveforms and signal
characteristics.

UNIT II BIO-CHEMICAL AND NON ELECTRICAL PARAMETER

MEASUREMENT 9
PH, PO2, PCO2, PHCO3, Electrophoresis, colorimeter, photometer, Auto analyzer,
Blood flow meter, cardiac output, respiratory measurement, Blood pressure,
temperature, pulse, Blood cell counters.

UNIT III ASSIST DEVICES AND BIO-TELEMETRY 9

Cardiac pacemakers, DC Defibrillator, Telemetry principles, frequency selection, Bio-
telemetry, radio-pill and tele-stimulation.

UNIT IV RADIOLOGICAL EQUIPMENTS 9

Ionosing radiation, Diagnostic x-ray equipments, use of Radio Isotope in diagnosis,
Radiation Therapy.

UNIT V RECENT TRENDS IN MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION 9

Thermograph, endoscopy unit, Laser in medicine, Diathermy units, Electrical safety in
medical equipment.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOK
1. Leislie Cromwell, Biomedical instrumentation and measurement, Prentice Hall of
India, New Delhi, 2007.

REFERENCES
1. Khandpur, R.S., Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation, TATA McGraw-Hill, New
Delhi, 2003.
2. Joseph J.Carr and John M.Brown, Introduction to Biomedical equipment
Technology, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2004.

EC2022 OPERATING SYSTEMS L T P C

3 0 0 3
AIM
To have a through knowledge of the scheduling, memory management, I/O and File
System in a Operating system. To have an introduction to distributed operating system.

OBJECTIVES
To have an overview of components of an operating systems
To have a thorough knowledge of Process management, Storage management,
I/O and File Management.
To have an understanding of a distributed operating systems.

UNIT I OPERATING SYSTEM OVERVIEW 9

Introduction Multiprogramming Time sharing Multi-user Operating systems
System Call Structure of Operating Systems

UNIT II PROCESS MANAGEMENT 9

Concept of Processes Interprocess Communication Racing Synchronisation
Mutual Exclusion Scheduling Implementation Issues IPC in Multiprocessor System
Threads

UNIT III MEMORY MANAGEMENT 9

Partition paging segmentation virtual memory concepts relocation algorithms
buddy systems Free space management Case study.

UNIT IV DEVICE MANAGEMENT AND FILE SYSTEMS 9

File concept access methods directory structure File system mounting file
sharing protection file system implementation I/O Hardware Application I/O
Interface Kernal I/O subsystem Transforming I/O to Hardware Operations Streams
Disk Structure Disk Scheduling Management RAID structure

UNIT V MODERN OPERATING SYSTEMS 9

Concepts of distributed operating systems Real time operating system Case studies:
UNIX, LINUX and Windows 2000.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Abraham Silberschatz, Peter Galvin and Gagne, Operating System Concepts,
Seventh Edition, John Wiley, 2007.
2. William Stallings, Operating Systems Internals and Design Principles, Fifth
Edition, Prentice Hall India, 2005.

REFERENCES
1. Andrew Tanenbaum, Modern Operating Systems, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2003.
2. Deital.H.M, Operating Systems - A Modern Perspective, Second Edition, Addison
Wesley, 2004.
3. Mukesh Singhal, Niranjan G.Shivaratri, Advanced Concepts in Operating Systems,
Tata McGraw Hill, 2001.
4. D.M.Dhamdhere, Operating Systems A Concept based Approach, Second
Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2006.
5. Crowley.C, Operating Systems: A Design Oriented Approach, Tata McGraw Hill,
1999.
6. Ellen Siever, Aaron Weber, Stephen Figgins, LINUX in a Nutshell, Fourth Edition,
Oreilly, 2004.

EC2023 SOLID STATE ELECTRONIC DEVICES LTPC

3 003
AIM
To have fundamental knowledge about structure and V-I characteristics of PN Junction
diode, Zener diode, MOSFET, BJT, Opto electronic devices, high frequency devices and
high power devices.

OBJECTIVES
To learn crystal structures of elements used for fabrication of semiconductor
devices.
To study energy band structure of semiconductor devices.
To understand fermi levels, movement of charge carriers, Diffusion current and Drift
current.
To study behavior of semiconductor junction under different biasing conditions.
Fabrication of different semiconductor devices, Varactor diode, Zener diode,
Schottky diode, BJT, MOSFET, etc.
To study VI Characteristics of devices and ir limitations in factors like current, power
frequency.
To learn photoelectric effect and fabrication of opto electronic devices.
To learn high frequency and high power devices.

UNIT I CRYSTAL PROPERTIES AND GROWTH OF SEMICONDUCTORS 9

Semiconductor materials - Periodic Structures - Crystal Lattices - Cubic lattices - Planes
and Directions - Diamond lattice - Bulk Crystal Growth - Starting Materials - Growth of
Single Crystal lngots - Wafers - Doping - Epitaxial Growth - Lattice Matching in Epitaxial
Growth - Vapor - Phase Epitaxy - Atoms and Electrons - Introduction to Physical Models
- Experimental Observations - Photoelectric Effect - Atomic spectra - Bohr model -
Quantum Mechanics - Probability and Uncertainty Principle - Schrodinger Wave
Equation - Potential Well Equation - Potential well Problem - Tunneling.

UNIT II ENERGY BANDS AND CHARGE CARRIERS IN SEMICONDUCTORS

AND JUNCTIONS 9
Energy bands in Solids, Energy Bands in Metals, Semiconductors, and Insulators -
Direct and Indirect Semiconductors - Variation of Energy Bands with Alloy Composition -
Charge Carriers in Semiconductors - Electrons and Holes - Electrons and Holes in
Quantum Wells - Carrier Concentrations - Fermi Level - Electron and Hole
Concentrations at Equilibrium - Temperature Dependence of Carrier Concentrations -
Compensation and Space Charge Neutrality - Drift of Carrier in Electric and Magnetic
Fields conductivity and Mobility - Drift and Resistance - Effects of Temperature and
Doping on Mobility - High field effects - Hall Effect - invariance of Fermi level at
equilibrium - Fabrication of p-n junctions, Metal semiconductor junctions.

UNIT III METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR FET 9

GaAS MESFET - High Electron Mobility Transistor - Short channel Effects - Metal
Insulator Semiconductor FET - Basic Operation and Fabrication - Effects of Real
Surfaces - Threshold Voltage - MOS capacitance Measurements - current - Voltage
Characteristics of MOS Gate Oxides - MOS Field Effect Transistor - Output
characteristics - Transfer characteristics - Short channel MOSFET V-I characteristics -
Control of Threshold Voltage - Substrate Bias Effects - Sub threshold characteristics -
Equivalent Circuit for MOSFET - MOSFET Scaling and Hot Electron Effects - Drain -
Induced Barrier Lowering - short channel and Narrow Width Effect - Gate Induced Drain
Leakage.
UNIT IV OPTOELCTRONIC DEVICES 9
Photodiodes - Current and Voltage in illuminated Junction - Solar Cells - Photo detectors
- Noise and Bandwidth of Photo detectors - Light Emitting Diodes - Light Emitting
Materials - Fiber Optic Communications Multilayer Heterojunctions for LEDs - Lasers -

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Semiconductor lasers - Population Inversion at a Junction Emission Spectra for p-n
junction - Basic Semiconductor lasers - Materials for Semiconductor lasers.

UNIT V HIGH FREQUENCY AND HIGH POWER DEVICES 9

Tunnel Diodes, IMPATT Diode, operation of TRAPATT and BARITT Diodes, Gunn
Diode - transferred - electron mechanism, formation and drift of space charge domains,
p-n-p-n Diode, Semiconductor Controlled Rectifier, Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOK
1. Ben. G. Streetman & Sanjan Banerjee, Solid State Electronic Devices, 5th Edition,
PHI, 2003.

REFERENCES
1. Donald A. Neaman, Semiconductor Physics and Devices, 3rd Edition, TMH, 2002.
2. Yannis Tsividis, Operation & Mode line of MOS Transistor, 2nd Edition, Oxford
University Press, 1999.
3. Nandita Das Gupta & Aamitava Das Gupta, Semiconductor Devices Modeling a
Technology, PHI, 2004.
3. D.K. Bhattacharya & Rajinish Sharma, Solid State Electronic Devices, Oxford
University Press, 2007.

IT 2064 SPEECH PROCESSING LT PC

3 0 0 3

AIM
To introduce the characteristics of Speech signals and the related time and frequency
domain methods for speech analysis and speech compression

OBJECTIVES
To introduce the models for speech production
To develop time and frequency domain techniques for estimating speech parameters
To introduce a predictive technique for speech compression
To understand speech recognition, synthesis and speaker identification.

UNIT I MECHANICS OF SPEECH 9

Speech production: Mechanism of speech production, Acoustic phonetics - Digital
models for speech signals - Representations of speech waveform: Sampling speech
signals, basics of quantization, delta modulation, and Differential PCM - Auditory
perception: psycho acoustics.

UNIT II TIME DOMAIN METHODS FOR SPEECH PROCESSING 9

Time domain parameters of Speech signal Methods for extracting the parameters
Energy, Average Magnitude, Zero crossing Rate Silence Discrimination using ZCR
and energy Short Time Auto Correlation Function Pitch period estimation using Auto
Correlation Function.

UNIT III FREQUENCY DOMAIN METHOD FOR SPEECH PROCESSING 9

Short Time Fourier analysis: Fourier transform and linear filtering interpretations,
Sampling rates - Spectrographic displays - Pitch and formant extraction - Analysis by

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Synthesis - Analysis synthesis systems: Phase vocoder, Channel Vocoder -
Homomorphic speech analysis: Cepstral analysis of Speech, Formant and Pitch
Estimation, Homomorphic Vocoders.

UNIT IV LINEAR PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS OF SPEECH 9

Basic Principles of linear predictive analysis Auto correlation method Covariance
method Solution of LPC equations Cholesky method Durbins Recursive algorithm,
Application of LPC parameters Pitch detection using LPC parameters Formant
analysis VELP CELP.

UNIT V APPLICATION OF SPEECH & AUDIO SIGNAL PROCESSING 9

Algorithms: Dynamic time warping, K-means clusering and Vector quantization,
Gaussian mixture modeling, hidden Markov modeling - Automatic Speech Recognition:
Feature Extraction for ASR, Deterministic sequence recognition, Statistical Sequence
recognition, Language models - Speaker identification and verification Voice response
system Speech synthesis: basics of articulatory, source-filter, and concatenative
synthesis VOIP
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

TEXT BOOK
1. Thomas F, Quatieri, Discrete-Time Speech Signal Processing, Prentice Hall /
Pearson Education, 2004.

REFERENCES
1. Ben Gold and Nelson Morgan, Speech and Audio Signal Processing, John Wiley and
Sons Inc., Singapore, 2004
2. L.R.Rabiner and R.W.Schaffer Digital Processing of Speech signals Prentice Hall
1979
3. L.R. Rabiner and B. H. Juang, Fundamentals of Speech Recognition, Prentice Hall,
1993.
4. J.R. Deller, J.H.L. Hansen and J.G. Proakis, Discrete Time Processing of Speech
Signals, John Wiley, IEEE Press, 1999.

MA2264 NUMERICAL METHODS LTP C

3 10 4

AIM
With the present development of the computer technology, it is necessary to develop
efficient algorithms for solving problems in science, engineering and technology. This
course gives a complete procedure for solving different kinds of problems occur in
engineering numerically.

OBJECTIVES
At the end of the course, the students would be acquainted with the basic concepts in
numerical methods and their uses are summarized as follows:

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 I. The roots of nonlinear (algebraic or transcendental) equations, solutions of large
system of linear equations and eigen value problem of a matrix can be obtained
numerically where analytical methods fail to give solution.
II. When huge amounts of experimental data are involved, the methods discussed on
interpolation will be useful in constructing approximate polynomial to represent the
data and to find the intermediate values.
III. The numerical differentiation and integration find application when the function in
the analytical form is too complicated or the huge amounts of data are given such
as series of measurements, observations or some other empirical information.
IV. Since many physical laws are couched in terms of rate of change of one/two or
more independent variables, most of the engineering problems are characterized in
the form of either nonlinear ordinary differential equations or partial differential
equations. The methods introduced in the solution of ordinary differential equations
and partial differential equations will be useful in attempting any engineering
problem.

UNIT I SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS 9

Solution of equation Fixed point iteration: x=g(x) method - Newtons method Solution
of linear system by Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordon method Iterative method -
Gauss-Seidel method - Inverse of a matrix by Gauss Jordon method Eigen value of a
matrix by power method and by Jacobi method for symmetric matrix.

UNIT II INTERPOLATION AND APPROXIMATION 9

Lagrangian Polynomials Divided differences Interpolating with a cubic spline
Newtons forward and backward difference formulas.

UNIT III NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION 9

Differentiation using interpolation formulae Numerical integration by trapezoidal and
Simpsons 1/3 and 3/8 rules Rombergs method Two and Three point Gaussian
quadrature formulae Double integrals using trapezoidal and Simpsonss rules.

UNIT IV INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS FOR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL

EQUATIONS 9
Single step methods: Taylor series method Euler method for first order equation
Fourth order Runge Kutta method for solving first and second order equations
Multistep methods: Milnes and Adams predictor and corrector methods.

UNIT V BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS IN ORDINARY AND PARTIAL

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9
Finite difference solution of second order ordinary differential equation Finite difference
solution of one dimensional heat equation by explicit and implicit methods One
dimensional wave equation and two dimensional Laplace and Poisson equations.

L = 45 T = 15 TOTAL = 60 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Veerarjan, T and Ramachandran, T. Numerical methods with programming in C
Second Editiion, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing.Co.Ltd. (2007).
2. Sankara Rao K, Numerical Methods for Scientisits and Engineers 3rd editiion
Printice Hall of India Private Ltd, New Delhi, (2007).

REFERENCES

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1. Chapra, S. C and Canale, R. P. Numerical Methods for Engineers, 5th Edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2007.
2. Gerald, C. F. and Wheatley, P.O., Applied Numerical Analysis, 6th Edition, Pearson
Education Asia, New Delhi, 2006.
3. Grewal, B.S. and Grewal,J.S., Numerical methods in Engineering and Science, 6th
Edition, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2004

CS2021 MULTICORE PROGRAMMING L T PC

3 0 0 3

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO MULTIPROCESSORS

AND SCALABILITY ISSUES 9
Scalable design principles Principles of processor design Instruction Level
Parallelism, Thread level parallelism. Parallel computer models - Symmetric and
distributed shared memory architectures Performance Issues Multi-core
Architectures - Software and hardware multithreading SMT and CMP architectures
Design issues Case studies Intel Multi-core architecture SUN CMP architecture.

UNIT II PARALLEL PROGRAMMING 9

Fundamental concepts Designing for threads scheduling - Threading and parallel
programming constructs Synchronization Critical sections Deadlock. Threading
APIs.

UNIT III OPENMP PROGRAMMING 9

OpenMP Threading a loop Thread overheads Performance issues Library
functions. Solutions to parallel programming problems Data races, deadlocks and
livelocks Non-blocking algorithms Memory and cache related issues.

UNIT IV MPI PROGRAMMING 9

MPI Model collective communication data decomposition communicators and
topologies point-to-point communication MPI Library.

UNIT V MULTITHREADED APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT 9

Algorithms, program development and performance tuning.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS

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1. Shameem Akhter and Jason Roberts, Multi-core Programming, Intel Press, 2006.
2. Michael J Quinn, Parallel programming in C with MPI and OpenMP, Tata Mcgraw
Hill, 2003.

REFERENCES
1. John L. Hennessey and David A. Patterson, Computer architecture A quantitative
approach, Morgan Kaufmann/Elsevier Publishers, 4th. edition, 2007.
2. David E. Culler, Jaswinder Pal Singh, Parallel computing architecture : A hardware/
software approach , Morgan Kaufmann/Elsevier Publishers, 1999.

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