K. Naresh, Vaddi Ramesh, CH.

Punya Sekhar and P Anjappa 16

Simulations for Three Phase to Two Phase

Transformation
K. Naresh, Vaddi Ramesh, CH. Punya Sekhar and P Anjappa

Abstract: This paper the model that has been developed so far transform reduces the three AC quantities to
is for two phase machine Three phase induction machine are two DC quantities. Simplified calculations can then be
common: [1]-[3]two phase machine are rarely used in carried out on these DC quantities before performing the
industrial application . a dynamic model for the three phase inverse transform to recover the actual three-phase AC
induction machine can be derived from the two phase machine
results. It is often used in order to simplify the analysis of
if the equivalence between three and two phase is established
.The equivalence is based on the equality of the MMF three-phase synchronous machines or to simplify
produced in the two phase and three phase winding and equal calculations for the control of three-phase inverters. The
current magnitudes. Shows simulation results are compared. power-invariant, right-handed dqo transform applied to any
three-phase quantities (e.g. voltages, currents, flux linkages,
Key word: Induction machine, Two phase transformation, Three etc.) is shown below in matrix form
phase transformation

I. INTRODUCTION
This transformation could also be thought of as a
transformation from three (abc) axes to three new (dqo)axes
for uniqueness of the transformation from one set of axes to
another set of axes, including unbalances in the abc
variables requires three variables such as the dq0.[4]The
.
reason for this is that it is easy to converter from three abc
variables to to qd variables if the abc variables have an The inverse transform is:
inherent relationship among themselves, such as the equal
phase displacement and magnitude. Therefore, in such a
case there are only two independent variables in a,b,c: the
third is a dependent variable obtained is unique under that
circumstance

This paper the variable s have no such inherent relationship, A. Geometric Interpretation
then there are three distinct and independent variables:
Hence the third variable cannot be recovered from the The dqo transformation is two sets of axis rotations in
knowledge of the other two variables only[5] .It is also sequence. We can begin with a 3D space where a, b,
mean that they are not recoverable from two variables qd and c are orthogonal axes.
but require another variable such as the zero sequence
component, to recover the[7] abc variables from the dq0
variables

II. THREE PHASE(a,b,c) to TWO

PHASE(d,q,0)TRANSFORMATION

In electrical engineering, directquadraturezero

(abc) transformation or zerodirectquadrature (dqo)
transformation is a mathematical transformation that rotates If we rotate about the axis by -45, we get the
the reference frame of three-phase systems in an effort to
following rotation matrix:
simplify the analysis of three-phase circuits. In the case of
balanced three-phase circuits, application of the dqo

K. Naresh1, Vaddi Ramesh2, CH. Punya Sekhar3, P Anjappa4,

1
Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, K L University,
Andhra Pradesh, India, [email protected], 2Ph.d Student,
Department of Electrical Engineering, K L University, Andhra Pradesh, which resolves to
India, [email protected], 3Assistant Professor, Department
of Electrical Engineering, A N University, Andhra Pradesh, India,
[email protected], 4Department of EEE, HOD & Associate professor
in Golden valley integrated campus, Madanapalli, India,
[email protected]

International Journal of Emerging Trends in Electrical and Electronics (IJETEE ISSN: 2320-9569) Vol. 10, Issue. 1, Jan-2014.
K. Naresh, Vaddi Ramesh, CH. Punya Sekhar and P Anjappa 17

With this rotation, the axes look like

Then we can rotate about the new b axis by

This is the first of the two sets of axis rotations. At
this point, we can relabel the rotated a, b, and c axes as , ,
and z. This first set of rotations places the z axis an equal
): distance away from all three of the original a, b, and c axes.
In a balanced system, the values on these three axes would
always balance each other in such a way that the z axis value
would be zero. This is one of the core values of the dqo
transformation; it can reduce the number relevant variables
in the system.
,
The second set of axis rotations is very simple. In
Which resolves to
electric systems, very often the a, b, and c values are
oscillating in such a way that the net vector is spinning. In a
balanced system, the vector is spinning about the z axis.
Very often, it is helpful to rotate the reference frame such
that the majority of the changes in the abc values, due to this
spinning, are canceled out and any finer variations in
. become more obvious. So, in addition to the Clarke
transform, the following axis rotation is applied about
the z axis:

.
Multiplying this matrix by the Clarke matrix results in the
dqo transform:

When these two matrices are multiplied, we get the Clarke

transformation matrix C:

.
The dqo transformation can be thought of in geometric
terms as the projection of the three separate sinusoidal phase
quantities onto two axes rotating with the same angular
velocity as the sinusoidal phase quantities. The two axes are
called the direct, or d, axis; and the quadrature or q, axis;
that is, with the q-axis being at an angle of 90 degrees from
the direct axis.

International Journal of Emerging Trends in Electrical and Electronics (IJETEE ISSN: 2320-9569) Vol. 10, Issue. 1, Jan-2014.
K. Naresh, Vaddi Ramesh, CH. Punya Sekhar and P Anjappa 18

Shown above is the dqo transform as applied to the stator of

a synchronous machine. There are three windings separated
by 120 physical degrees. The three phase currents are equal
in magnitude and are separated from one another by 120
electrical degrees. The three phase currents lag their
corresponding phase voltages by . The d-q axis is shown
rotating with angular velocity equal to , the same angular
velocity as the phase voltages and currents. The d axis
makes an angle with the A winding which has
been chosen as the reference. The currents and are
constant DC quantities.

III. SIMULATION RESULTS

Fig 1. Simulate three phase to two phase transformation

Fig 2. Simulate the voltage &current

International Journal of Emerging Trends in Electrical and Electronics (IJETEE ISSN: 2320-9569) Vol. 10, Issue. 1, Jan-2014.
K. Naresh, Vaddi Ramesh, CH. Punya Sekhar and P Anjappa 19

Fig 3. Simulate the Vd & Vq voltage

Fig 4. Simulate the three phase voltage Vabc

Fig 5.Simulate the three phase voltage Vabc1

International Journal of Emerging Trends in Electrical and Electronics (IJETEE ISSN: 2320-9569) Vol. 10, Issue. 1, Jan-2014.
K. Naresh, Vaddi Ramesh, CH. Punya Sekhar and P Anjappa 20

IV. CONCLUSION

This paper presented two phase machine are rarely used in

industrial application. a dynamic model for the three phase
induction machine can be derived from the two phase
machine if the equivalence between three and two phase is
established .the equivalence is based on the equality of the
MMF produced in the two phase and three phase winding
and equal current magnitudes. Shows the simulation results
are compared.

V. REFERENCES

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three level PWM inverters, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 44, pp.
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[2] F. Bauer and H. D. Hening, Quick response space vector control fo
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[3] B. T. Huu, S. Halsz, and G. Csonka, Three-level inverters with
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Electric and Electronic Equipments, Brassov, Romania, 1996, pp.
12611264.
[4] B. Velaerts, P. Mathys, and G. Bingen, New developments of 3-
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pp 411416.
[5] M. Depenbrock, Pulse width control of a 3-phase inverter with no
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[6] C. L. Fortescue, Method of symmetrical co-ordinates applied to the
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[7] P. M. Anderson, Analysis of Faulted Power Systems. New York:
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[8] J. L. Blackburn, Symmetrical Components for Power Systems Engi-
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[9] R. G. Wasley and M. A. Shlash, Newton-Raphson algorithm fo 3-
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[10] Generalized theory of electrical machines:Dr.P.S.Bimbhra
[11] Analysis of Electric Machinery And Drive Systems:Second Edition
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[12] Electric motor drives machines modeling:R.KRISHNAN

International Journal of Emerging Trends in Electrical and Electronics (IJETEE ISSN: 2320-9569) Vol. 10, Issue. 1, Jan-2014.