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Chapter 1 - Lecture 1 Population and Samples: Andreas Artemiou

This document is the outline for a lecture on populations and samples. It introduces statistics, the different branches of statistics, key definitions like population, sample, and variable. It discusses different types of data and methods for collecting data, including simple random samples, stratified samples, and convenience samples. The outline concludes with exercises related to the material covered.

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Ndomadu
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
42 views

Chapter 1 - Lecture 1 Population and Samples: Andreas Artemiou

This document is the outline for a lecture on populations and samples. It introduces statistics, the different branches of statistics, key definitions like population, sample, and variable. It discusses different types of data and methods for collecting data, including simple random samples, stratified samples, and convenience samples. The outline concludes with exercises related to the material covered.

Uploaded by

Ndomadu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Outline

General Introduction
Data
Exercises

Chapter 1 - Lecture 1
Population and Samples

Andreas Artemiou

August 24th, 2009

Andreas Artemiou Chapter 1 - Lecture 1 Population and Samples


Outline
General Introduction
Data
Exercises

General Introduction
Statistics in general
Definitions

Data
Data types
Collecting data
Examples

Exercises

Andreas Artemiou Chapter 1 - Lecture 1 Population and Samples


Outline
General Introduction Statistics in general
Data Definitions
Exercises

Introduction

I What is Statistics?

I Where do we use Statistics?

Andreas Artemiou Chapter 1 - Lecture 1 Population and Samples


Outline
General Introduction Statistics in general
Data Definitions
Exercises

Branches of Statistics

I Descriptive Statistics: When a researcher collects data and


he is interested to summarize it and see important features of
the data
I Inferential Statistics: When a researcher collects data and
he is interested to reach a conclusion regarding the population
of interest

Andreas Artemiou Chapter 1 - Lecture 1 Population and Samples


Outline
General Introduction Statistics in general
Data Definitions
Exercises

Definitions

I Data is a collection of facts


I Population is a well defined collection of objects that are of
interest
I When we have available information for all the objects in a
population, we have a census
I When we have available information only on a subset of the
population then we have a sample
I Variable is a characteristic whose value can change from one
object to another in a population

Andreas Artemiou Chapter 1 - Lecture 1 Population and Samples


Outline
Data types
General Introduction
Collecting data
Data
Examples
Exercises

Univariate Data

I When the data consists of observations on a single variable.

I Examples:

Andreas Artemiou Chapter 1 - Lecture 1 Population and Samples


Outline
Data types
General Introduction
Collecting data
Data
Examples
Exercises

Bivariate Data

I When the data consists of observations on two variables


I Examples:

I We have multivariate data when we have 3 or more variables.

Andreas Artemiou Chapter 1 - Lecture 1 Population and Samples


Outline
Data types
General Introduction
Collecting data
Data
Examples
Exercises

Methods of collecting data


I Simple random sample: Every object in the population is
given a certain number, and we randomly choose the number
of objects we want in our sample
I Stratified random sample: The population is divided into
subpopulations where we take a simple random sample in
each of the subpopulations
I Clustered random sample: The population is divided into
subpopulations, where we take a random sample of the
subpopulations and then we sample everyone in the
subpopulations selected.
I Convenience sample: Where certain objects in the
population have less probability of being selected into the
sample
Andreas Artemiou Chapter 1 - Lecture 1 Population and Samples
Outline
Data types
General Introduction
Collecting data
Data
Examples
Exercises

Examples

Andreas Artemiou Chapter 1 - Lecture 1 Population and Samples


Outline
General Introduction
Data
Exercises

Exercises

I Section 1.1 page 8


I Exercises 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Andreas Artemiou Chapter 1 - Lecture 1 Population and Samples

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