2015 04 Protection Devices
2015 04 Protection Devices
Hager offers a wide range of protection devices, such as miniature circuit breakers, auxiliaries and
accessories, RCD add-on blocks, single pole and switched neutral devices, 2 and 4 pole RCCBs,
RCCB auxiliaries, RCBOs, HRCfuse carriers, motor starters, earth fault relays and surge protection
devices.
Miniature Circuit Breakers
RCBOs
Protection Devices
Auxiliaries and Accessories for MCBs, 4.21
RCCBs and RCBOs
MBN116A
MBN232A
40 3 4 MBN340A MCN340A
50 3 4 MBN350A MCN350A
63 3 4 MBN363A MCN363A
MBN320A
MBN440A
4.02
Miniature Circuit Breakers
6/10kA Type B and C - MT, MU
Protection Devices
MT116A
Double pole MCBs 6 2 6 MT206A MU206A
10 2 6 MT210A MU210A
1 3
16 2 6 MT216A MU216A
20 2 6 MT220A MU220A
25 2 6 MT225A MU225A
2 4
32 2 6 MT232A MU232A
40 2 6 MT240A MU240A
50 2 6 MT250A MU250A
63 2 6 MT263A MU263A
MT320A
4.03
Miniature Circuit Breakers
10/15kA Type B, C and D - NBN, NCN, NDN
4.04
Add-on Blocks for MCBs
NBN, NCN, NDN
Protection Devices
2 pole add-on blocks 10 mA 25 2 1 BC226 -
30 mA 25 2 1 BD226 BD225
40 2 1 BD241 BD240
63 2 1 BD264 BD263
100 mA 63 2 1 BE264 -
100 mA 63 2 1 BN264 -
300 mA 25 2 1 BF226 BF225
40 2 1 BF241 BF240
BD226 63 2 1 BF264 BF263
300 mA 63 2 1 BP264 -
500 mA 63 2 1 BG264 -
500 mA 63 2 1 BR264 -
1A 63 2 1 BS264 BS263
4.05
Add-on Blocks for MCBs
NBN, NCN, NDN
100 mA 63 1 BE464 -
100 mA 63 1 BN464 -
300 mA 63 1 BP464 -
500 mA 63 1 BG464 -
1A 63 1 BS464 -
4 pole add-on blocks 30 mA 25 3 1 BDC825 BDH825
double output 40 3 1 BDC840 BDH840
63 3 1 BDC863 BDH863
300 mA 63 3 1 BPC863 -
BFC840
1A 63 3 1 BSC863 -
4.06
Miniature Circuit Breakers
50kA Type C - HMX
Protection Devices
HMX120
HMX225
HMX320
HMX440
4.07
Miniature Circuit Breakers
10kA Type B and C - HLE, HLF
Three pole MCBs 80 4,5 1 HLE380S HMF380
HLE399S
HLE499S
4.08
Miniature Circuit Breakers
15kA Type B, C and D - HMB, HMC, HMD
Protection Devices
100 3 1 HMB290 HMC290 HMD290
Three pole MCBs 80 4,5 1 HMB380 HMC380 HMD380
HMC499
4.09
Miniature Circuit Breakers
30kA Type B and C - HMJ, HMK
Description curves : rigid conductors : 70mm
Protection and control of circuits B curve : 3 to 5 In, flexible conductors : 35mm
against overloads and short C curve : 5 to 10 In
circuits. Circuit isolation. They poles : 1PP, 2PP, 3PP, 4PP Complies with IEC 60 947-2.
can be used for installation in (protected poles)
commercial building and voltage rating : 230/400V AC
industrial premises for high current rating : 80 to 125A
interrupt capacities. frequency : 50/60Hz
will accept accessories
Technical data climate sealed : T2
breaking capacity : Connection capacity
30kA (IEC 60 947-2)
Three pole MCBs 80 4,5 1 HMJ380 HMK380
MZN131
4.10
Add-on Blocks Type AC
for HMB, HMC, HMD, HMK, HMX, HLE and HLF
Protection Devices
climate sealed : T2
BTH280E
Three pole add-on block fixed 125 6 1 BDC380E BDH380E
1 3 5
30mA
BTH380E
Four pole add-on block fixed 125 6 1 BDC480E BDH480E
1 3 5 7
30mA
2 4 6 8
1 3 5 7
2 4 6 8
4.11
Add-on Block
RCCB add-ons Connection capacity
3 sensitivities 30mA, 100mA and 300mA instantaneous.
2 sensitivities 100mA and 300mA time delayed. 63A = 16mm2
RCCB add-ons can be associated with devices rated from 0,5 to 63A
in 2 and 4 poles. 63A = 25mm2
Wiring diagram
Characteristics
Easy coupling (drawer system) 12 % noir
Easy disassembly (without damage)
Conforms to EN61009 appendix G
Mounting
In
1
2
Ech. 50 %
Ech. 50 %
Ech. 50 %
4.12 AI1_NGBD_T1_02
2 & 4 Pole RCBOs
(Residual Circuit Breaker with Overload) B & C Curves
Description Connection capacity Approved according to
Compact protection devices rigid conductors: 25mm EN 61009-1.
which provide MCB overload flexible conductors: 16mm
protection and RCD earth
leakage protection (protect Technical information
against electrical shocks by A type: Detects residual
direct or indirect contact). sinusoidal alternating currents,
whether suddenly applied or
Technical data slowly rising. They are used
sensitivity: whenever fault currents are not
High sensitivity: 30mA instant sinusoidal. It is able to detect
tripping (fixed) DC fault current generated by
Medium sensitivity: 300mA loads like washing machines,
instant tripping (fixed) speed drives, microprocessing,
current rating: 6 to 40A electronic ballast.
curves: B and C
voltage rating: 230V AC
A type
frequency: 50Hz
Protection Devices
16A 2 1 AD916J
20A 2 1 AD920J
25A 2 1 AD925J
32A 2 1 AD932J
40A 2 1 AD940J
RCBOs 4 1 ADM406C
A type - 30mA 6kA 4 1 ADM410C
4 1 ADM413C
4 1 ADM416C
4 1 ADM420C
4 1 ADM425C
4 1 ADM432C
4 1 ADM440C
RCBOs 4 1 ADM456C
A type - 30mA 6kA 4 1 ADM460C
4 1 ADM463C
4 1 ADM466C
4 1 ADM470C
4 1 ADM475C
4 1 ADM482C
4 1 ADM490C
ADM456C
4.13
RCBO
Single Pole 6kA
Compact protection devices Technical Data Application
which combine the overcurrent Insulated DIN clip 1 module devices provide a
functions of an MCB with the Complies with BS EN 61009-1, compact solution for installation
earth fault functions of an RCCB IEC61009-1, IEC610009-2-2, in consumer units.
in a single unit. A range of Sensitivities (fixed)
sensitivity and current ratings 10mA and 30mA These devices are 1pole & solid
are available for use in domestic Breaking capacity: 6kA neutral.
installations. Flying neutral lead: 200mm
Operating Voltage
Terminal Capacities 230V(AC) + 10%/-15% 50H
25mm2 rigid,
16mm2 flexible Locking kit = MZN175
4.14
RCBO (Commercial / Industrial)
Single Pole 10kA
Compact protection devices Technical Data Terminal Capacities These devices are single pole &
which combine the overcurrent Insulated DIN clip 16mm2 rigid, solid neutral.
functions of an MCB with the Complies with BS EN 61009-1, 10mm2 flexible
earth fault functions of an RCCB IEC61009-1
in a single unit. A range of Sensitivities (fixed) Application
sensitivity and current ratings are 10mA, 30mA & 100mA 1 module devices provide a
available for use in commercial Breaking capacity: 10kA compact solution for installation
and industrial applications. Flying neutral lead: 800mm in consumer units and Invicta 3
distribution boards.
Protection Devices
25A 1 Mod ADB125 ADC125
1 Mod ADA120U
1 Mod ADA125U
1 Mod ADA132U
ADA106U
4.15
2P & 4P RCCBs (Residual Current Circuit Breakers)
Description poles: 2P and 4P Technical information
Compact devices which provide type: A A type suitable for residual pul-
RCD earth leakage protection frequency: 50Hz sating direct currents, whether
(protect against electrical shocks suddenly applied or slowly rising.
by direct or indirect contacts).To Connection capacity They are used whenever fault
open automatically in the event 25 to 63A: currents are not sinusoidal.
of an earth fault between phase rigid conductors: 25mm
and earth and/or neutral and flexible conductors: 16mm Complies with EN61008-1.
earth. 80 and 100A:
rigid conductors: 50mm
Technical data flexible conductors: 35mm
sensitivity:
High sensitivity: 30mA
instantaneous tripping (fixed) /
Medium sensitivity: 100mA,
300mA instantaneous or
selective tripping (fixed)
current rating: 25 to 100A
voltage rating: 230V AC
(2P) and 400V (4P)
RCCBs
A type 10mA 16A 1 CCA216U -
RCCBs
A type 30mA 25A 1 CDA225U CDA425U
40A 1 CDA240U CDA440U
RCCBs
A type 100mA 40A 1 CE240J CE440J
63A 1 CEA263N CE463J
80A 1 CE281J CE481J
100A 1 CE285J CE485J
RCCBs
CF440J A type Selective 100mA 100/A 1 CN284J CN484A
RCCBs
A type 300mA 25A 1 CF225J CF425J
40A 1 CF240J CF440J
63A 1 CF263J CF463J
80A 1 CF280C CF480C
100A 1 CF284C CF484C
RCCBs
A type Selective 300mA 80A 1 CP280E -
100A 1 CP284J CP484D
4.16
RCCBs
Product presentation
Test button
(large dimensions)
chelle 50%
trip indication
ergonomic operating
handle
The mechanical indicator on the front of RCCB shows the physical The status of the RCCB can be visualised by the colour of the trip
position of the contacts. indicator in addition to the position of the operating lever.
Protection Devices
Red indication for closed contacts Grey indication for normal conditions (even when operating lever is
Green indication for open contacts in ON/OFF position)
Yellow indication for tripped condition, operating lever in OFF
The green indication is the guarantee that the contacts are open and position.
that the terminals are not live.
Similar condition exists when TEST button is pushed or RCCB is
remotely tripped via protection auxiliaries.
OFF
OFF ON test
green red
grey yellow
chelle 100%
Id
Type AC For which tripping is ensured for residual sinusoidal
alternating currents, whether suddenly applied or slowly rising.
Marked with the symbol:
RB RA
Type A For which tripping is ensured for residual sinusoidal Current flowing through torroid in healthy circuit
alternating currents and residual pulsating direct currents, whether Ires = I1-I2 = 0
suddenly applied or slowly rising. Marked with the symbol:
Current flowing through torroid in circuit with earth fault I3
Ires = I1-I2+I3 = I3
Type S For selectivity, with time-delay. Marked with the symbol: Whole house protection is provided typically by a consumer unit
where the RCCB device serves as the main switch. Although very
popular this suffers from a disadvantage: all circuits are
RCCBs must be protected against short-circuits by means of disconnected in the event of fault. Selective protection can be
circuit-breakers or fuses. RCBOs have their own in built short-circuit provided by associating the RCCB with identified high risk circuits by
protection, up to its rated value. adopting one or more of the following :
The drawing opposite shows how a torroid is located around the line Split busbar consumer unit:
and neutral conductors to measure the magnetic fields created by All circuits are fed via an overall isolator and selected circuits fed
the current flowing in these conductors. The sum of the magnetic additionally via the RCCB. Typical circuits fed direct are lighting,
fields set up by these currents (which takes into consideration both freezer, storage heating: and circuits fed via the RCCB are socket
the magnitude and phase relationship of the currents) is detected by outlets, garage circuits. This concept minimises inconvenience in
the torroid. the event of fault.
In a normal healthy circuit the vector sum of the current values added Individual RCBO
together will be zero. Current flowing to earth, due to a line earth Each separate final circuit requiring protection by a RCD can be
fault, will return via the earth conductor, and regardless of load supplied through an RCBO. This method provides the best solution
conditions will register as a fault. This current flow will give rise to a for minimising inconvenience.
residual current (Ires) which will be detected by the device.
Nuisance tripping
It is most important that the line and neutral conductors are passed All Hager RCCBs incorporate a filtering device preventing the risk of
through the torroid. A common cause of nuisance operation is the nuisance tripping due to transient voltages (lightning, line
failure to connect the neutral through the device. disturbances on other equipment...) and transient currents (from high
capacitive circuit).
RCCBs work just as well on three phase or three phase and neutral
circuits, but when the neutral is distributed it must pass through the Pulsating DC fault current sensitive
torroid. Increasingly, semi-conductors are also extensively used in
computers, VDUs, printers, plotters... all of which may be fed from
RCCBs are not suitable for use on DC systems and unearthed the mains electrical supply. The presence of semi-conductors may
networks. result in the normal sinusoidal AC waveform being modified. For
example, the waveform may be rectified or, as in asymmetric phase
RCCBs domestic installation control devices, the waveform may be chopped. The resulting
RCCBs can be installed in two ways: waveforms are said to have a pulsating DC component.
1. whole house protection. In the event of an earth fault occurring in equipment containing
2. selective protection. semi-conductor devices, there is a probability that the earth fault
current will contain a pulsating DC component.
Standard type AC may not respond to this type of earth fault current
and the intended degree of protection will not be provided.
4.18
RCCBs
Use of RCCBs The tripping characteristic for a 30mA RCCB is also shown in the
graph. It shows the level of current required to cause the RCCB to
RCCBs offer excellent protection against earth fault currents; the trip, for example; 50mA will cause a trip but not 10mA.
main areas of application being as follows: Comparing its characteristic with the various zones on the graph
it can be seen that the 30mA RCCB gives a very good measure of
Zs value too high to allow disconnection in the required time protection against the hazards associated with electric shock. Where
a higher level of protection is required, for example in laboratories,
Where the overcurrent protection or a circuit breaker cannot provide 10mA devices are available.
disconnection within the specified time because the earth fault loop IEC 60 479-1
impedance is too high the addition of RCCB protection may well mS
solve the problem without any other change in the system. Because
of its high sensitivity to earth fault current and its rapid operating 10000
time, in most cases the RCCB will ensure disconnection within the
specified time. This is achieved without any detriment to overcurrent 5000
high risk
usually no
discrimination because, unlike the situation in a fuse based system, harmful effects
of lethal
effects
the increased sensitivity is obtained without increasing sensitivity to 2000
overcurrent faults. Use of RCCBs in this way can be particularly
useful for construction sites and bathrooms where disconnection 1000
times are more stringent than for standard installations. (Construction 2 3 4
sites - 0.2s at 220-277V, bathrooms - 0.4s).
50
Residual current protection can even be added to a completed
distribution system where the value of Zs is excessive, either be-
Protection Devices
cause of a design oversight or subsequent wiring modification. 20
Direct contact - contact of persons or livestock with live parts which Note :
may result in electric shock. The consideration here is not the Although RCCBs are extremely effective devices they must never be
hazard of parts becoming live as a result of a fault but the possibility used as the only method of protection against electric shock. With or
of touching circuit conductors which are intentionally live. without RCCBs protection all electrical equipment should be kept in
good condition and should never be worked on live.
RCCBs, although affording good protection against the potentially
lethal effects of electric shock, must not be used as a the sole means
of protection against shock by direct contact. The Electricity at Work
Act recommends the use of RCCBs, ....danger may be reduced by
the use of a residual current device but states that this should be ....
considered as a second line of defence. The Wiring Regulations
defines the other measures that should be taken i.e.
a sensitivity of 30mA
an operating time not exceeding 40mS at a residual current of
150mA.
4.19
RCCBs
Protection against shock outside the equipotential bonding Protection against fire hazards
zone The provisions in the Wiring Regulations for protection against
Bonding conductors are used in an installation to maintain shock by indirect contact ensure rapid disconnection under earth
metallic parts, as near as possible, to the same potential as earth. fault assuming the fault has negligible impedance. Under such
Working with portable equipment outside this equipotential conditions the fault current, as we have seen, is sufficiently great
bonding zone, e.g. in the car park of a factory, introduces to cause the overcurrent protection device to quickly disconnect
additional shock hazards. Socket outlets rated 32A or less which the fault. However high impedance faults can arise where the fault
may be reasonably expected to supply portable equipment for use current is sufficient to cause considerable local heat without being
outdoors should have at least one socket nominated for outdoor high enough to cause tripping of the overcurrent protective device.
use. This socket should be equipped with 30 mA RCCB protection The heat generated at the point of the fault may initiate a fire long
unless fed from an isolating transformer or similar device, or fed before the fault has deteriorated into a low impedance connection
from a reduced voltage. to earth.
Protection in special situations The provision of residual current protection throughout a system or
The use of RCCBs is obligatory or recommended in the following in vulnerable parts of a system will greatly reduce the hazard of fire
situations: caused by such faults.
4.20
Auxiliaries & Accessories
for MCBs, RCCBs & RCBOs
All auxiliaries are common to indicator that indicates the Use of MZ203 - MZ209 on
both single and multi-pole circuit automatic/remote tripping of the RCCBs requires the use of
breakers. device. interface auxiliary CZ001.
These auxiliaries are fitted to the
left hand side of devices. Connection capacity Complies with EN62019 and
6 mm2 rigid cables IEC60947-5-1.
Shunt trips, and under-voltage 4 mm2 flexible cables
releases are fitted with a flag
Protection Devices
24V - 48V AC 1 MZ204
12V - 48V DC
Locking kit allows locking of the device dolly MZN175
MZ209 in the on/off position.
Will accept two padlocks with
hasps of 4,75 mm diameter max.
MZN175
4.21
Auxiliaries
for MCBs & RCCBs
Functions MZ203 Shunt Trip*
Tripping and indication auxiliary contacts are common to the range of Allows tripping of the device by feeding the coil. The contacts also
multi-pole 10kA MCBs, and RCCBs. They should be mounted on the allow for remote indication of operation.
left hand side of the device.
MZ206 Under Voltage Release*
Auxiliary Contact MZ201 Allows the MCB to trip when the voltage drops or by pressing a
Allows remote indication of the status of the device contacts to which remote off switch (ie emergency stop).
it is associated.
* Indication that the product has tripped due to the voltage release is
Auxiliary Contact and Alarm Contact MZ202 provided by a flag on the product.
This accessory has two separate functions.
Like the MZ201 auxiliary contact, however the alarm contact will
provide indication if the breaker trips under fault conditions.
Ph Ph
N N
4.22
HRC Fuse Carriers
Protection Devices
single pole with signal light 1 12 LS431
accessory free:
single pole 1,5 10 LR601
two pole 3 5 LR602
three pole 4,5 3 LR603
3 phases + neutral link 6 2 LR604
LS703 1 phase + neutral link 3 5 LR612
accessory free:
single pole 2 6 LR701
LS670 two pole 4 3 LR702
three pole 6 2 LR703
3 phases + neutral link 8 1 LR704
1 phase + neutral link 4 3 LR712
4.23
HRCFuse Carriers
Microswitches functions
Application
Fuse melting : a fuse-carrier containing a fuse-link with a striker that
sends out a signal when the fuse element melts
Pre-cut : when the fuse-carrier opens
Presence : sends a signal when the fuse-carrier is closed with no
fuse in it
Signal light
Mounting on L 51 and L 58
4,5 mm
4.24
Photovoltaic Fuse Carriers, SPD
& Switch Disconnectors
Protection Devices
Photovoltaic cartridge fuses 2 10 LF302PV
900V DC
3 10 LF303PV
L501PV 4 10 LF304PV
6 10 LF306PV
8 10 LF308PV
10 10 LF310PV
12 10 LF312PV
16 10 LF316PV
20 10 LF320PV
SB432PV
4.25
Motor Starters
Motor starters
current range
0,1 to 0,16A - - - MM501N
4.26
Motor Starters
Protection Devices
no upstream protective device required, since this is an inherent
stable range (100/150 kA)
N not required
MZ528N MZ529N
230V~ 400V~
4.27
Surge Protection Devices Type 1+2
SPN080
4.28
Surge Protection Devices Type 2
Protection Devices
Description Characteristics Cat. ref.
4.29
Surge Protection Devices Type 2
Spare cartridges For Phase:
These cartridges replace the SPN140D = SPN040D
cartridge in the main SPD. SPN215D = SPN015D
They allow simple replacement SPN415D = SPN015D
without the need to cut-off the SPN215R = SPN015R
power supply. SPN415R = SPN015R
SPN040N
SPV025
4.30
Surge Protection Devices
with Low Voltage Protection Level
Protection Devices
SPN208S
SPN505
4.31
Surge Protection Devices Type 1+2
Auxiliary contact references SPN800R = SPN800 w/ aux. contact SPN801R = SPN801 w/ aux. contact SPN802R = SPN802 w/ aux. contact
Contact type changeover changeover changeover
Electrical characteristics (Un/In) AC: 250V/0,5A AC: 250V/0,5A AC: 250V/0,5A
DC: 250V/0,1A ; 125V/0,2A ; 75V/0,5A DC: 250V/0,1A ; 125V/0,2A ; 75V/0,5A DC: 250V/0,1A ; 125V/0,2A ; 75V/0,5A
Min. connection capacity 0,25 mm2 rigid / flexible 0,25 mm2 rigid / flexible 0,25 mm2 rigid / flexible
Max. connection capacity 1,5 mm2 multi-wired / flexible 1,5 mm2 multi-wired / flexible 1,5 mm2 multi-wired / flexible
PE
PEN PE
PE
S3
S3 S3
4.32
Surge Protection Device
Type 2 & Fine Protection
Installation exposure level (risk) high medium medium medium medium low
Number of modules 1 2 2 4 4 2
Nominal current - - - - - -
Operating temperature range -40C to +60C -40C to +60C -40C to +60C -40C to +60C -40C to +60C -40C to +60C
Storage temperature range -40C to +70C -40C to +70C -40C to +70C -40C to +70C -40C to +70C -40C to +70C
Protection Devices
Discharge current wave 8/20 s (kA)
nominal current In 15 5 5 5 5 2
Applications
industrial and commercial buildings yes yes yes yes yes yes
Imax The maximum value of current that the SPD can withstand
and remain operational.
In The nominal value of current that the SPD can withstand at
least 20 times and still be serviceable.
Up The residual voltage that is measured across the terminal of
the SPD when In is applied.
Uc The maximum voltage which may be continuously applied
to the SPD without conducting.
Uoc Open circuit voltage under test conditions.
Isc Short circuit current under test conditions.
Un The nominal rated voltage of the installation
MOV Metal Oxide Varistor
SPD Surge Protective Device
4.33
Surge Protection Devices
How to choose your surge protection device
The choice of surge protection device depends on your supply
arrangements and level of protection required.
Products to be used in a
Earthing system Type of protection connection
Single phase installation Three phase installation
SPN215D/SPN215R 1xSPN415D/SPN415R
class II L L1
main protection L2
parallel N
L3
Imax = 15kA N
Imax = 15kA E E
TN-S transient voltage surges
TT (8/20ms)
SPN208S
class II L
fine protection parallel
N
Up < 1kV
E
Connections
4.34
Circuit Protection
Basic Principles Undervoltage
The proper selection of the correct circuit protective device requires Refers to the dangers that could be caused by the reduction or loss
an understanding of the potential hazards against which protection in voltage and the subsequent restoration, such as the unexpected
for safety is required. The Wiring Regulations identify several hazards: re-starting of motors or the automatic closing of protective devices.
electric shock The proper selection of control and protective devices must take the
thermal effects protection against undervoltage into consideration.
overcurrent
undervoltage Isolation
isolation Every circuit shall be provided with means of isolation (except in
certain cases) to prevent or remove hazards associated with the
Electric shock installation, equipment and machines. The new standards for circuit
Electric shock is divided into two parts: breakers and switch-fuses now take this into account.
direct contact: contact with parts which result in an electric shock
in normal service Protection against shock by indirect contact
indirect contact: contact with exposed conductive parts which Indirect contact - is the contact of persons or livestock with exposed
result in an electric shock in case of a fault. conductive parts made live by a fault and which may result in
electric shock. An example would be where the insulation of an
To protect against direct contact the Wiring Regulations electric heater has broken down resulting in a live conductor internally
suggest the following basic measures should be taken: touching the casing. This could result in the heater casing being
(1) by insulation of live parts raised to a hazardous voltage level, causing electric shock to a
(2) by enclosures or barriers person touching it.
(3) by obstacles
(4) by placing out of reach Two important measures must be taken to prevent this hazard:
the impedance of circuit conductors is kept to a minimum.
To protect against indirect contact the Wiring Regulations suggest The eartfault loop impedance (Zs) is used as a measure of the circuit
the following basic measures should be taken: impedance under fault conditions.
(1) earthed equipotential bonding and automatic disconnection of the overcurrent device protecting the circuit is selected to rapidly
supply disconnect an earth fault.
Protection Devices
(2) use of class II equipment or equivalent insulation
(3) non-conducting location The effect of these two measures is inter-related.
(4) earth-free local equipotential bonding 1. By ensuring that the circuit protective conductor is of a low
(5) electrical separation impedance, the voltage to which the live casing is raised, under
fault conditions, is kept to a minimum.
Of these five measures, the first is by far the most commonly used: 2. The low impedance path provided by the circuit conductors and
(1) earthed equipotential bonding and automatic disconnection of the circuit protective conductor will result in a high level of
supply: current in the event of an earth fault. This high fault current
ensures that the overcurrent protective device will disconnect the
In each installation main equipotential bonding conductors shall fault in a short time, reducing the interval during which the casing
connect the main earthing terminal of the installation; this metalwork of the faulty equipment is live.
comprises exposed conductive parts which are part of the electrical
installation itself and extraneous conductive parts including the
following:
main water pipes
gas installation pipes R1
other service pipes and ducting
risers of central heating and air conditioning systems
L1
exposed metal parts of the building structure transformer load
winding consumer's load
terminals terminals
This bonding creates a zone within which any voltages appearing
between exposed conductive parts and extraneous conductive parts, Ze
are minimised; the earth fault loop impedance must have an value
N
low enough to allow sufficient current to flow for the circuit protective
device to operate rapidly to disconnect the supply; disconnection
E
must be sufficiently fast so that voltages appearing on the bonded
metalwork cannot persist long enough to cause danger; depending
on the operating characteristics of the protective device and the earth R2
impedance, such disconnection may be achieved either by
overcurrent devices, Fuses, Miniature Circuit Breakers, (i.e. MCBs) or
by Residual Current Devices, (i.e. RCCBs).
Components of earth fault loop impedance (Zs) in a system.
Thermal Effect (Earth fault at load between conductor and casing).
Refers to heat generated by the electrical equipment in normal use Zs = Ze + (R1 +R2)
and under fault conditions. The proper selection of equipment
complying with the latest product standards is essential in providing Earth fault loop impedance (Zs)
protection against thermal effects. To ensure the impedance of conductors in a circuit is sufficiently low
the system designer has to establish the value of the earth fault loop
Overcurrent impedance.
Defined as a current exceeding the rated value of the circuit Zs - is a measure of the earth fault current loop, comprising the
components. It may be caused by the overloading of a healthy circuit phase conductor and the earth conductor. It comprises the
or it may take the form of a short-circuit current, defined as an complete loop including the winding of the transformer from which
overcurrent resulting from a fault of negligible impedance between the circuit is supplied as defined by the following:
live conductors having a difference in potential under normal Ze - is the part of the earth fault loop impedance external to the
operating conditions. Overcurrent protection may be provided by installation, its value can be measured or a nominal value can be
using fuses or circuit breakers singly or in combination. obtained from the supply authority.
4.35
Circuit Protection
(R1 +R2) - where R1 is the resistance of the phase conductor within therefore be Uo/Zs = 240/0.7 = 343A
the installation and R2 is the resistance of the circuit protective By referring to the characteristic for MT132 (see diagram below) it can
conductor. These two components constitute the loop impedance be seen that the breaker will disconnect in 0.02 seconds for this cur-
within the installation. rent. The breaker therefore easily satisfies the requirement for discon-
nection in 5 seconds.
Therefore: Zs = Ze + (R1 + R2) If the circuit Zs was 2.0 ohms then the fault current would be:
240/2 = 120A and the disconnection time would be 10 seconds, in
Once the value of Zs has been established a suitable overcurrent which case compliance would not be achieved.
protective device has to be selected to ensure disconnection of an
earth fault within the specified time.The times are:
5 seconds for fixed equipment. time/current
For portable equipment and for fixed equipment installed outside characteristics
the equipotential bonding zone, the disconnection times are MT132
t (s)
dependent on the nominal voltage to earth, i.e. 220 to 277 volts =
0.4 seconds. An earth fault current of 343A causes a trip of
10 the magnetic protection in 20mS.
Zs by calculation
To establish whether the relevant disconnection time can be achieved An earth fault current of 120A causes a trip of
a simple calculation must be made, based on Ohms law: the thermal protection in 10 seconds.
The fault current (If) must be high enough to cause the circuit
protective device to trip in the specified time. This can be established Protection against overcurrent
by consulting the time/current characteristic for the protective device. Overcurrent - A current exceeding the rated value. For conductors
If the maximum trip time for the fault current calculated is less than or the rated value is the current-carrying capacity
equal to the relevant value (5s for fixed equipment; 0.4s for portable
equipment) then compliance is achieved. It is important that when Overload Current
consulting the characteristic curve the worst case is used, i.e. the An overcurrent occurring in a circuit which is electrically sound
maximum tripping time including any tolerance. An example is shown
in Figs 1 and 2. Short-Circuit Current
An overcurrent resulting from a fault of negligible impedance
Zs by tables between live conductors having a difference in potential under normal
The above procedure can be used for any type of protective device operating conditions.
providing a time/current characteristic curve is available. Frequently,
however, a much simpler method is available using tables listing Protection against Overload Current
maximum Zs values which have been interpreted from the For the protection against overload current, protective devices must
characteristic curves for the relevant devices. Providing the system be provided in the circuit to break any overload current flowing in the
Zs is equal to or less than the value given in the table, compliance is circuit conductors before it can cause a temperature rise which would
achieved. Tables for a number of standard devices (certain fuses be detrimental to insulation, joints, terminations or the surroundings
and MCBs) are given in the Wiring Regulations. of the conductors.
Zs too high In order to achieve this protection the nominal current of the
If the system Zs value is too high to achieve rapid enough protective device In should be not less than the design current of the
disconnection with the overcurrent protective devices available then circuit Ib and that In should not exceed the current-carrying capacity
it is necessary to use one of the two following methods: of the conductors Iz, and that the current causing effective operation
fit a cable with a larger cross-section and consequently a lower of the protective device I2 does not exceed 1.45 times the current-
impedance. This may be a very expensive solution especially when carrying capacity of the conductor Iz, expressed as
the installation is complete before the problem is Ib In Iz
discovered. I2 1.45Iz
use a Hager residual current device (RCD). Subject to certain
conditions being met this provides a simple and economical Protection against Short-Circuit Current
solution. Protective devices must be provided to break any short-circuit
current before it can cause danger due to thermal and mechanical
Example (electro-dynamic) effects produced in the conductors and
connections. The breaking capacity of the protective device shall not
be less than the prospective short-circuit current at the point at which
If = 343A the device is installed. However a lower breaking capacity is
permitted provided that a properly co-ordinated back-up device
MT 132
having the necessary breaking capacity is installed on the supply
L1 load side.
Zs = 0,7 ohms
Positioning of Overcurrent Devices
Devices for the protection against overload and short-circuit must be
placed at the point where a reduction occurs in the current-carrying
N
capacity of the conductors. This reduction could be caused by a
change in the environmental conditions as well as the more obvious
E
change in the cross-sectional area of the cable.
4.36
Miniature Circuit Breakers
Both of the new International Standards covering Low Voltage Circuit The difference between the three types of characteristic curves
Breakers provide the user with a better assurance of quality and designated B, C and D concerns only the magnetic instantaneous
performance by taking into account the actual operating conditions trip which provides short-circuit protection.
of the breaker. New definitions and symbols have been introduced
which should be committed to memory. Some of those most For type B the breaker must trip between the limits of 3 to 5 times
frequently used are: rated current
For type C the breaker must trip between the limits of 5 to 10
Ue : rated service voltage times rated current, and
Ui : rated insulation voltage (> Uemax) For type D the breaker must trip between the limits of 10 to 20
Uimp : rated impulse withstand times rated current.
Icm : rated short circuit making capacity
Icn : rated short circuit capacity Often manufacturers publish their MCB tripping characteristics
Ics : rated service short circuit breaking capacity showing the limits set by the standard and guarantee that any
Icu : rated ultimate short circuit breaking capacity breaker that you purchase will operate within these limits. So great
In : rated residual operating current (often called care should be taken when working with characteristic curves show-
residual sensitivity) ing lower and higher limits - on no account should you take a mean
In: rated current = maximum value of current used for the point for application design purposes.
temperature rise test
t: trip delay of residual current devices For cable protection applications you should take the maximum
tripping time and some manufacturers publish single line
In addition IEC 898 sets out to provide a greater degree of safety to characteristic curves which show the maximum tripping time. If the
the uninstructed users of circuit breakers. It is interesting to note that design problem is nuisance tripping then the minimum tripping time
the description miniature circuit breaker or MCB is not used at all in should be used and for desk top co-ordination studies, both lower
this standard, but no doubt both manufacturers and users will con- and upper limits have to be taken into account.
tinue to call circuit breakers complying with IEC 898 miniature circuit
breakers or MCBs for some time to come.
Energy limiting
The scope of this standard is limited to ac air break circuit breakers Energy is measured in Joules. *James Prescott Joule proved that
Protection Devices
for operation at 50Hz or 60Hz, having a rated current not exceeding thermal energy was produced when an electric current flowed
125A and a rated short-circuit capacity not exceeding 25kA. through a resistance for a certain time, giving us the formula :
A rated service short-circuit breaking capacity Ics is also included Joules = I2 x R x t or because we know that watts = I2R
which is equal to the rated short-circuit capacity Icn for short-circuit Joules = watts x seconds
capacity values up to and including 6kA, and 50% of Icn above 6kA Therefore we can say that :
with a minimum value of 7.5kA. As the circuit- breakers covered One Joule = one watt second
by this standard are intended for household and similar uses, Ics or energy = watts x seconds = I2 R t
is of academic interest only. The rated short-circuit capacity of a
MCB (Icn) is the alternating component of the prospective current If the resistance (R) remains constant or is very small compared with
expressed by its r.m.s. value, which the MCB is designed to make, the current (I) as in the case of short-circuit current, then energy
carry for its opening time and to break under specified conditions. Icn becomes proportional to I2t. Which is why the energy let-through of a
is shown on the MCBlabel in a rectangular box without the suffix A protective device is expressed in ampere squared seconds and
and is the value which is used for application purposes. Icn (of the referred to as I2t
MCB) should be equal to or greater than the prospective short-circuit
current at the point of application. I2t (Joule Integral) is the integral of the square of the current over a
given time interval (t0, t1)
You will see from the curves that the inverse time delay characteristic
which provides overload protection is the same on all three. This is The I2t characteristic of a circuit breaker is shown as a curve giving
because the Standards requires the breaker to carry 1.13 times the the maximum values of I2t as a function of the prospective current.
rated current without tripping for at least one hour and when the test
current is increased to 1.45 times the rated current, it must trip within Manufacturers are required by the Standard to produce the I2t
one hour, and again from cold if the last current is increased to 2.55 characteristic of their circuit breakers.
times the rated current the breaker must trip between 1 and 120 See previous page.
seconds. The inverse time delay characteristic of all MCBs claiming
compliance with IEC 898 must operate within these limits. The energy limiting characteristics of modern MCBs greatly reduce
the damage that might otherwise be caused by short-circuits. They
protect the cable insulation and reduce the risk of fire and other
damage. Knowledge of the energy limiting characteristic of a circuit
breaker also helps the circuit designer calculate discrimination with
other protective devices in the same circuit.
All Hager MCBs are well within the limits of energy let-through set by
IEC 898 for energy limiting class 3.
4.37
Miniature
Circuit Circuit Breakers
Protection
Breaking capacity according to IEC/EN 60 898 and IEC/EN 60 947-2
MJN
References MLN Ax8xxx Ax9xxx
MHN
poles Ph+N Ph+N Ph+N Ph+N
nominal current
2 to 40 2 to 40 6 to 40 6 to 40
In (A)
breaking capacity to IEC/EN 60 898
230V 4500A 6000A 4500A 6000A
400V - - - -
breaking capacity to IEC/EN 60 947-2
230V 6kA 7,5kA 6kA 10kA
400V - - - -
MV MT MBN MB NGN
References
MW MU MCN MC
poles 1 2, 3, 4 1 2, 3, 4 1 2, 3, 4 1 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1 2, 3, 4
nominal current
6 to 40 6 to 40 6 to 40 6 to 40 6 to 63 6 to 63 0,5 to 63 0,5 to 63 0,5 to 2 3 to 6 6 10 to 63 10 to 63
In (A)
breaking capacity to IEC/EN 60 898
230V 3000A 4500A 6000A 10000A 6000A 10000A 6000A 10000A - - - 6000A 10000A
400V - 3000A - 6000A - 6000A - 6000A - - - 6000A 6000A
breaking capacity to IEC/EN 60 947-2
230V 4,5kA 6kA - - 6kA 10kA 10kA 20kA 80kA 50kA 30kA 10kA 20kA
400V 3kA 4,5kA - - 3kA 3kA 3kA 10kA 80kA 50kA 30kA 3kA 10kA
NBN, NCN
References NQN, NRN, NSN
NDN
poles 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4
nominal current
0,5 to 2 3 to 6 6 10 to 63 10 to 63 0,5 to 2 3 to 6 6 6 to 25 32 to 40 50 to 63
In (A)
breaking capacity to IEC/EN 60 898
230V - - - 10000A - - - - - - -
400V - - - - 10000A - - - - - -
breaking capacity to IEC/EN 60 947-2
230V 80kA 50kA 30kA 15kA 20kA 80kA 50kA 30kA 25kA 20kA 15kA
400V 80kA 50kA 30v 3kA 15kA 80kA 50kA 30kA 25kA 20kA 15kA
4.38
SelectivityCircuit
Miniature & Discrimination
Breakers
Typical RCCB time/current characteristics Having decided on the type and the limit of discrimination of the
circuit breakers in the system, it is very important to consider the
10 discrimination between any add on RCCBs. In theory it is possible to
achieve current discrimination between RCCBs but the limit of
discrimination is too low for practical purposes. Time discrimination is
Total Operating Time (Seconds)
2 by far the best method and is achieved by delaying the tripping of the
Time Delay upstream RCCB.
1 Range
Note that the limit of discrimination is the instantaneous setting of the
0.5 associated circuit breaker. In other words if the earth fault current is
0.2 greater than the instantaneous trip setting of the associated circuit
In 0.1A
In 0.3A
breaker, the circuit breaker will trip regardless of the time delay on the
In 1A
In 3A
0.1 Instantaneous RCCB. The table below indicates how time discrimination may be
In
0.05 Trip
achieved between RCCBs.
0.02
0.01
0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 100 1000
In Current (Amperes)
Limit of discrimination
instantaneous trip of
associated circuit breaker
Protection Devices
0,01A 0,03A 0,1A 0,3A 1,0A 3,0A
Downstream Time
RCCB delay 0 0 0 0,2 0 0,2 0,3 1,0 3,0 0 0,3 1,0 3,0 0 0,3 1,0 3,0
sensitivity In (sec.)
0,01A 0
0,03A 0
0
0,1A
0,2
0,2
0,3A 0,3
1,0
3,0
0,3
1,0A
2,0
3,0
0,3
3,0A
1,0
3,0
Discrimination achieved
4.39
Use of MCBs in DC Systems
DC applications
breaking capacity (kA)
Because of their quick make and break design and excellent arc Table 1
L/R = 15ms
quenching capabilities, Hager circuit breakers are suitable for use on
DC. When selecting a circuit breaker for any DC application it is nb of poles
necessary to consider 2 main points: in series
range In 48V 60V 125V 250V 500V
needed for
a) system voltage breaking
The system voltage and the type of system determines the number
of poles required to provide the necessary breaking capacity and arc MT, MU, 1P 15 - - - -
control. The table gives the maximum DC voltage and breaking MB, MC, 0,5 2P 20 20 - - -
capacity for one pole or two poles connected in the series: MV, MW, to
MBNxxxA, 63A 3P 25 25 20 - -
The positioning of these breaking poles in the system depends on
whether the system is earthed or insulated and if it is earthed whether MCNxxxA 4P 35 35 25 - -
one polarity is earthed or the centre point is earthed. 1P 15 15 10 - -
NGN, NBN-
0,5 2P 20 20 15 6 -
xxxA, NCN-
b) type of DCsystems: 3 different types to
xxxA, 3P 25 25 20 10 -
Network connected to the earth - one polarity earthed (+ve or -ve): 63A
NDNxxxA
If -ve is earthed, all poles will be placed in series in the +ve leg. If 4P 35 35 25 15 10
the +ve is earthed, all poles will be placed in the -ve leg. 1P 25 25 20 - -
Note: an extra pole will be needed on the earthed polarity to provide 0,5 2P 35 35 25 15 -
isolation. to
Network connected to the earth - middle point earthed: 20A 3P 40 40 35 20 -
The number of poles required to break Isc should be placed on 4P 45 45 40 25 10
each polarity. 1P 20 20 15 - -
Network insulated to the earth: NRN 25 2P 25 25 20 10 -
The number of poles required to break Isc should be split between NSN, to
the two polarities. NQN 40A 3P 30 30 30 15 -
4P 35 35 35 20 10
Information 1P 15 15 10 - -
To disconnect under load, use a DC switch SB432PV 50 2P 20 20 15 6 -
(32A - 1000V DC). and
63A 3P 25 25 20 10 -
4P 35 35 25 15 10
1P 15 15 10 - -
HMB, HMC,
Table 2 80 to 2P 20 20 15 6 -
HMD,
magnetic trip It1 It2 Irm1 Irm2 125A 3P 30 30 30 15 -
HMK, HMJ
4P 35 35 35 20 10
AC M 50Hz 1,13 In 1,45 In 3 In 5 In 1P 25 25 20 - -
curve B
DC ... 1,13 In 1,45 In 4 In 7 In 10 to 2P 35 35 25 15 -
HMX
63A 3P 40 40 35 20 -
AC M 50Hz 1,13 In 1,45 In 5 In 10 In
curve C 4P 45 45 40 25 10
DC ... 1,13 In 1,45 In 7 In 15 In 1P 12 12 8 - -
U/2 U/2
U load load U load load
U/2 U/2
Z
Network connected to the earth Network connected to the earth Network insulated to the earth: Network connected to the earth
- one polarity earthed middle point earthed: The number of poles required middle point earthed:
(+ve or -ve): The number of poles required to to break Isc should be split The number of poles required
If -ve is earthed, all poles will be break Isc should be placed on between the two polarities. to break Isc should be placed
placed in series in the +ve leg. If each polarity. on each polarity.
the +ve is earthed, all poles will
be placed in the -ve leg.
4.40
Characteristics of MCBs in DC
Examples of TT, TNS, TNC earthing systems:
24V DC U 48V DC Protection of a 32A circuit under U = 48V DC voltage with earthed Protection of a 32A circuit under U
negative polarity and 15kA short circuit current (Icc). = 48V DC voltage with middle point
a) without negative polarity breaking earthed and 15kA short circuit
b) with negative polarity breaking - --+++ current (Icc).
- -- +++ c) Icc under U/2 = 24V
- + - +
- +
a) - + b) - + c) - +
- + - +
MC132A
MC132A
MC132A MC232A
MC232A
MC232A
MC132A MC232A
MC132A MC232A
MC132A
MC132A MC132A
MC232A
MC232A MC232A
MC232A
charge
charge
charge
charge
charge
charge
charge
charge
charge
charge charge
load charge
load
chargeload charge
48V DC U 125V DC Protection of a 20A circuit under U = 125V DC voltage with earthed Protection of a 20A circuit under U =
negative polarity and 15kA short circuit current (Icc). 125V DC voltage with middle point
a) without negative polarity breaking earthed and 15kA short circuit
b) with negative polarity breaking current (Icc).
- + - +
c) Icc under U/2 = 72,5V
Protection Devices
- + - + - +
- + MC132A - + MC232A - +
- + -- + + -- + + - +
MW320
MW320
MW320 MW420
MW420
MW420
MW420 MW420
MW420
MW420
MW420
MW320 charge MW420 MW420
charge MW320 MW420 MW420
MW320 MW320
MW420 MW420
MW420
charge
load
charge
charge charge
charge
charge
load charge
charge
charge
load
charge charge charge
125V DC U 500V DC Protection of a 40A circuit under U = 500V DC voltage
charge charge with earthed Protection of a 40A circuit under U =
charge
charge charge
charge charge
charge charge
negative polarity and 10kA short circuit current (Icc). 500V DC voltage with middle point
a) without negative polarity breaking earthed and 10kA short circuit
current (Icc).
c) Icc under U/2 = 250V
- -- +++
g) -- + + - - + h) - +
- +
- + - +
NCN440A
NCN440A
NCN440A
NCN440A
MW320 MW420 NCN440A
MW420
NCN440A
NCN440A NCN440A
charge
charge
charge
charge
load charge charge
load
charge
charge charge
24V DC U 125V DC Protection of a 16A circuit under U = Protection of a 16A circuit under U =
120V -DC+voltage supplied by a 4kA 120V DC voltage supplied by an
Icc isolated battery. impedant middle point battery
delivering 4kA short circuit current.
U/2 = 60V - --+++
NCN440A - +
i) - ++ j) - +- +
- + - - + - +
MW420
MW420
MW420
charge MW420
NFN216 MU216A
MW420
MC132A MC132A
MC232A MC232A
MW420 MW420
charge
charge
charge
charge
charge
load charge
loadcharge
charge charge charge charge
4.41
Miniature Circuit Breakers
Energy let through at 230V
4000
1000
400
100
energy let through in kA2s
0,4
0,1
0,04
0,01
0,004
0,001
0,0004
0,0001
0,5 1 4 10 40 100 1000 10000 100000
Icc (A) Icc (A)
50 A 50 A
40 A 40 A
32 A 32 A
1000 25 A 1000 25 A
20 A 20 A
16 A 16 A
13 A 13 A
10 A 10 A
50 A, 63 A 50 A, 63 A
100 32 A, 40 A 100 32 A, 40 A
20 A, 25 A 20 A, 25 A
energy let through in kA2s
6A 13 A, 16 A 6A 13 A, 16 A
10 A 10 A
6A 6A
4A 3 A, 4 A
1 A, 2 A
3A
10 10
0.5 A
2A
1A
1 1
MV, MB,
MBN 0.5 A
0.1 0.1
MU, MC,
6000
3000
MV MCN
0.01
MW
0.01
0.001 0.001
0.0001 0.0001
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000
Icc (A) Icc (A)
4.42
Miniature Circuit Breakers
MCBs 1 module/pole: temperature correction factor according to MCBs 1,5 module/pole: temperature correction factor according to
ambiant temperature (nominal values for ref. temperature: 30C) ambiant temperature (nominal values for ref. temperature: 30C)
In(A) 20C 25C 30C 35C 40C 45C 50C 55C 60C 65C 70C In(A) 20C 25C 30C 35C 40C 45C 50C 55C 60C 65C 70C
0,5 0,54 0,52 0,5 0,48 0,46 0,44 0,42 - - - - 10 10,8 10,4 10 9,6 9,2 8,8 8,4 8 7,6 7,2 6,8
1 1,08 1,04 1 0,96 0,92 0,88 0,84 0,8 0,76 0,72 0,68 13 14,04 13,52 13 12,48 11,96 11,44 10,92 10,4 9,88 9,36 8,84
1,5 1,62 1,56 1,5 1,44 1,38 1,32 1,26 1,2 1,14 1,08 1,02 15 16,2 15,6 15 14,4 13,8 13,2 12,6 12 11,4 10,8 10,2
1,6 1,73 1,66 1,6 1,54 1,47 1,41 1,34 1,28 1,22 1,15 1,09 16 17,28 16,64 16 15,36 14,72 14,08 13,44 12,8 12,16 11,52 10,88
2 2,16 2,08 2 1,92 1,84 1,76 1,68 1,6 1,52 1,44 1,36 20 21,6 20,8 20 19,2 18,4 17,6 16,8 16 15,2 14,4 13,6
3 3,24 3,12 3 2,88 2,76 2,64 2,52 2,4 2,28 2,16 2,04 25 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17
3,5 3,78 3,64 3,5 3,36 3,22 3,08 2,94 2,8 2,66 2,52 2,38 30 32,4 31,2 30 28,8 27,6 26,4 25,2 24 22,8 21,6 20,4
4 4,32 4,16 4 3,84 3,68 3,52 3,36 3,2 3,04 2,88 2,72 32 34,56 33,28 32 30,72 29,44 28,16 26,88 25,6 24,32 23,04 21,76
5 5,4 5,2 5 4,8 4,6 4,4 4,2 4 3,8 3,6 3,4 35 37,8 36,4 35 33,6 32,2 30,8 29,4 28 26,6 25,2 23,8
6 6,48 6,24 6 5,76 5,52 5,28 5,04 4,8 4,56 4,32 4,08 45 43,2 41,6 45 38,4 36,8 35,2 33,6 32 30,4 28,8 27,2
7,5 8,1 7,8 7,5 7,2 6,9 6,6 6,3 6 5,7 5,4 5,1 50 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34
8 8,64 8,32 8 7,68 7,36 7,04 6,72 6,4 6,08 5,76 5,44 63 68,04 65,52 63 60,48 57,96 55,44 52,92 50,4 47,88 45,36 42,84
10 10,8 10,4 10 9,6 9,2 8,8 8,4 8 7,6 7,2 6,8 80 86,4 83,2 80 76,8 73,6 70,4 67,2 64 60,8 57,6 54,4
13 14,0 13,5 13 12,5 12,0 11,4 10,9 10,4 9,9 9,4 8,8 100 108 104 100 96 92 88 84 80 76 72 68
15 16,2 15,6 15 14,4 13,8 13,2 12,6 12 11,4 10,8 10,2 125 - - 125 120 115 110 105 100 95 90 85
16 17,3 16,6 16 15,4 14,7 14,1 13,4 12,8 12,2 11,5 10,9
20 21,6 20,8 20 19,2 18,4 17,6 16,8 16 15,2 14,4 13,6
HMX MCBs: temperature correction factor according to ambiant
25 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 119 18 17
temperature (nominal values for ref. temperature: 40C)
30 32,4 31,2 30 28,8 27,6 26,4 25,2 24 22,8 21,6 20,4
32 34,6 33,3 32 30,7 29,4 28,2 26,9 25,6 24,3 23,0 21,8 In(A) 20C 25C 30C 35C 40C 45C 50C 55C 60C 65C 70C
35 37,8 36,4 35 33,6 32,2 30,8 29,4 28,0 26,6 25,2 23,8
10 11,6 11,2 10,8 10,4 10 9,6 9,2 8,8 8,4 8 7,6
40 44,8 41,6 40 38,4 36,8 35,2 33,6 32 30,4 28,8 27,2
16 18,56 17,92 17,28 16,64 16 15,36 14,72 14,08 13,44 12,8 12,16
Protection Devices
45 50,4 46,8 45 43,2 41,4 39,6 37,8 36 34,2 32,4 30,6
20 23,2 22,4 21,6 20,8 20 19,2 18,4 17,6 16,8 16 15,2
50 56 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34
25 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19
63 - - 63 60,5 58,0 55,4 52,9 50,4 47,9 45,4 42,8
32 37,12 35,84 34,56 33,28 32 30,72 29,44 28,16 26,88 25,6 24,32
40 46,4 44,8 43,2 41,6 40 38,4 36,8 35,2 33,6 32 30,4
Grouping factor (rated current reduce by factor K) 50 58 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38
63 73,08 70,56 68,04 65,52 63 60,48 57,96 55,44 52,92 50,4 47,88
No. of units n K (grouping factor) 80 92,8 89,6 86,4 83,2 80 76,8 73,6 70,4 67,2 64 60,8
n=1 1 100 116 112 108 104 100 96 92 88 84 80 76
2 n<4 0,95 125 - - - - 125 120 115 110 105 100 95
4 n<6 0,9
6 n 0,85
Note: if the design current of a circuit (Ib) is less than 0,85 times the Frequency
nominal setting of the circuit beaker (In) grouping can be ignored. thermal: unchanged
magnetic: value multiplied by coefficient K
Installation 162/3 Hz -
working position: vertically, horizontally or flat, F (Hz) 100 Hz 200 Hz 400 Hz
60 Hz
supply: feed from either top or bottom terminals.
K 1 1,1 1,2 1,5
B curve at 30C (IEC 60 898-1) C curve at 30C (IEC 60 898-1) D curve at 30C (IEC 60 898-1)
MCB range: MHN, MV, MT, MB, MBN, MCB range: MLN, MJN, MW, MU, MC, MCB range: NGN, NDN, NSN, HMD
NBN, NQN, HLE, HMB, HMJ MCN, NRN, HLF, HMC, HMK, HMX,
Ax8xxx, Ax9xxx
10000 10000
6000 6000
4000 4000
3600 3600
2000 2000
1000 1000
600 600
400 400
200 200
100 100
60 60
time in seconds
time in seconds
time in seconds
40 40
20 20
10 10
6 6
4 4
2 2
1 1
0,6 0,6
0,4 0,4
0,2
B 0,2
0,1 0,1 D
0,04 0,04
0,02 0,02
0,01 0,01
0,004 0,004
1 1,5 2 3 4 6 8 10 15 20 30 40 1 1,5 2 3 4 6 8 10 15 20 30 40
1,13 1,13
1,45 current in multiple of rated current current in multiple of rated current 1,45current in multiple of rated current
4.43
Miniature Circuit Breakers
MCB range: NBN, NEN, NQN MCB range: NCN, NFN, NRN
energy let through in kA2s
NEN
MBN NKN
NCN
MB
NFN
MCN
MC
NDN
NSN
NGN
Icc (A)
4.44
Miniature Circuit Breakers
MCB range: HLE, HMB, HMJ MCB range: HLF, HMC, HMK
energy let through in kA2s
Protection Devices
Icc (A) Icc (A)
63 A
50 A
40 A
32 A
25 A
20 A
16 A
10 A
energy let through in kA2s
Icc (A)
Icc (A)
4.45
Miniature Circuit Breakers
MCB range: MV, MT, MB, MBN MCB range: MW, MU, MC, MCN
10000 10000
50 A, 63 A 50 A, 63 A
32 A, 40 A 32 A, 40 A
20 A, 25 A 20 A, 25 A
13 A, 16 A 13 A, 16 A
10 A 10 A
6A 6A
3 A, 4 A 3 A, 4 A
1 A, 2 A 1 A, 2 A
peak current in kA
peak current in kA
0.5 A 0.5 A
6000
MN
MT, MB,
MBN
3000
MV
100 100
100 1000 10000 100000 100 1000 10000 100000
short circuit current short circuit current
NRN
NRN
NQN
NKN
NEN
MB
NFN
MC
4.46
Miniature Circuit Breakers
MCB range: NDN, NGN, NSN MCB range: HLE, HLF, HMB, HMC, HMJ, HMK
peak current in kA
peak current in kA
NDN
NSN
NGN
Protection Devices
short circuit current short circuit current
63 A, 50 A
40A
32 A, 25A
20 A
16 A
10 A
peak current in kA
peak current in kA
4.47
Discrimination
Co-Ordination between circuit protective devices the right). For this example the time/current characteristics of a 32A
The proper co-ordination of two circuit protective devices is essential type B circuit breaker complying with BS EN 60898, with a 100A
in all installations in order to fulfil the requirements of the Wiring category A circuit breaker to BS EN 60947 Part 2 are checked for
Regulations which set out to ensure the safe continuity of supply of current
electrical current under all conditions of service. If a fault does occur, discrimination.
the circuit protective device nearest the fault should operate, allowing
the device immediately upstream to continue to supply healthy Because the thermal characteristic curve of the upstream circuit
circuits. This is called discrimination. breaker clears the knee of the characteristic curve of the smaller
downstream breaker, it can be said that overload discrimination is
Sometimes the upstream device is selected to protect the achieved under all conditions. However because the instantaneous
downstream device(s) against high prospective short circuit currents characteristic curves cross at 0.01 sec, short-circuit discrimination is
and will operate to provide this protection should the actual short limited up to the point they cross, which in this case is approximately
circuit current rise to a level which cannot be handled by the device 2.7kA. The point at which the two time/current characteristics cross
nearest the fault. This is called back-up protection and devices is called the limit of discrimination or selectivity. In this example the
should be so chosen as to allow discrimination up to the point the level of discrimination Is is 2.7kA, so we only have partial
back-up device takes over. discrimination between these two devices.
Upstream
breaker
H630/630A
B Category B
1000
Total Operating Time (seconds)
100
10
Downstream
1 breaker
H400/250A
Category A
0.1
4.48
Discrimination
Protection Devices
630 1800 5000
The upstream device must at some point operate to provide the
Table 1 necessary protection to the downstream circuit breaker. This point,
which is known as the take-over current, must not be greater than the
rated short-circuit capacity of the downstream circuit breaker alone.
It therefore follows that the limit of selectivity IS will be less than the
take-over current IB. See Diagram above.
Table 2 l
While for all practical purposes, a desk top study of time/current and
let-through energy (I2t) characteristics are perfectly adequate, the
British Standards for circuit breakers do recommend testing to
confirm the results. With this in mind hager have prepared a
complete list of discrimination levels for all its circuit protective
devices.
4.49
Co-ordination & Discrimination
Co-ordination
Definition
This allows circuit breakers of lower breaking capacity than the PSCC
to be installed. The principle is that two breakers operating in series
will clear a larger fault and that energy let through by the upstream
breaker will not damage the down stream device.
NBNxxxA,
MB, MC MBNxxxA
references Ax8xx Ax9xx MV, MW NCNxxxA,
MU, MT MCNxxxA
NDNxxxA
Breaking capacity EN 60898 / 61009-1 4,5kA 6kA 3kA 6kA 6kA 10kA
Breaking capacity IEC 60947-1 6kA 10kA 10kA 20kA - 30kA
calibre
curve B, C B, C B, C B, C B, C B, C, D
Ax8xx 4,5kA 6kA B, C - 10kA - 20kA 20kA 20kA
Ax9xx 6kA 10kA B, C - - - 20kA 20kA 20kA
AC1xx, AD1xx, AE1xx, AF1xx, ACx1xx, 6kA - B, C - - - - - 30kA
ADx1xx, AEx1xx 10kA - B, C - - - - - -
MV, MW 3kA 10kA B, C - - - 20kA 20kA 30kA
MB, MC, MU, MT 6kA - B, C - - - - - 30kA
MHN, MJN 4,5kA 6kA B, C 6kA 10kA - 20kA 20kA 20kA
MLN 6kA 7,5kA B, C - 10kA - 20kA 20kA 20kA
MBNxxxA, MCNxxxA 6kA - B, C - - - - - 30kA
NBNxxxA, NCNxxxA, NDNxxxA 10kA 30kA B, C, D - - - - - -
- 50kA B, C, D - - - - - -
NQN, NRN, NSN - 40kA B, C, D - - - - - -
- 30kA B, C, D - - - - - -
MMN2xx, MMN3xx - 50-40kA magn. - - - - - -
HLE, HLF - 20kA B, C - - - - - -
HMB, HMC, HMD - 30kA B, C, D - - - - - -
HMJ, HMK - 60kA B, C - - - - - -
HMX - 100kA C - - - - - -
HMB,
HLE, HMJ,
references NQN, NRN, NSN HMC, HMX
HLF HMK
HMD
Breaking capacity EN 60898 / 61009-1 - - - - - - -
Breaking capacity IEC 60947-1 50kA 40kA 30kA 20kA 30kA 60kA 100kA
calibre 6-25A 25-40A 50-63A 80-125A 80-125A 80-125A 10-63A
curve B, C, D B, C, D B, C, D B, C B, C, D B, C C
Ax8xx 4,5kA 6kA B, C 20kA 20kA 20kA 15kA 15kA 15kA 15kA
Ax9xx 6kA 10kA B, C 20kA 20kA 20kA 15kA 15kA 15kA 15kA
AC1xx, AD1xx, AE1xx, AF1xx, ACx1xx, 6kA - B, C 50kA 40kA 30kA - 30kA 60kA 100kA
ADx1xx, AEx1xx 10kA - B, C 50kA 40kA 30kA - - 60kA 100kA
MV, MW 3kA 10kA B, C 50kA 40kA 30kA 20kA 30kA 30kA 50kA
MB, MC, MU, MT 6kA - B, C 50kA 40kA 30kA - 30kA 60kA 100kA
MHN, MJN 4,5kA 6kA B, C 20kA 20kA 20kA 15kA 15kA 15kA 15kA
MLN 6kA 7,5kA B, C 20kA 20kA 20kA 15kA 15kA 15kA 15kA
MBNxxxA, MCNxxxA 6kA - B, C 50kA 40kA 30kA - 30kA 60kA 100kA
NBNxxxA, NCNxxxA, NDNxxxA 10kA 30kA B, C, D 50kA 40kA 30kA - - 60kA 100kA
- 50kA B, C, D - - - - - 60kA 100kA
NQN, NRN, NSN - 40kA B, C, D - - - - - 60kA 100kA
- 30kA B, C, D - - - - - 60kA 100kA
MMN2xx, MMN3xx - 50-40kA magn. - - - - - 60kA 100kA
HLE, HLF - 20kA B, C - - - - 30kA 60kA -
HMB, HMC, HMD - 30kA B, C, D - - - - - 60kA -
HMJ, HMK - 60kA B, C - - - - - - -
HMX - 100kA C - - - - - - -
4.50
Co-ordination & Discrimination
Co-ordination upstream MCB / downstream MCB, 1PP, 230-240V, 2PP / 3PP / 3PP+N / 4PP, 400-415V
NBNxxxA,
MB, MC MBNxxxA,
references Ax8xx Ax9xx MV, MW NCNxxxA,
MU, MT MCNxxxA
NDNxxxA
curve B, C B, C B, C B, C B, C B, C, D, SCP
Protection Devices
HMB,
HLE, HMJ,
references NQN, NRN, NSN HMC, HMX
HLF HMK
HMD
curve B, C, D B, C, D B, C, D B, C B, C, D B, C C
MV, MW 3kA 4,5kA B, C 25kA 20kA 15kA 10kA 15kA 15kA 25kA
MX, MY 4,5kA 6kA B, C 25kA 20kA 15kA 10kA 15kA 20kA 35kA
MB, MC, MU, MT 6kA - B, C 25kA 20kA 15kA - 15kA 30kA 50kA
MBNxxxA, MCNxxxA, MTN, MUN 6kA - B, C 25kA 20kA 15kA - 15kA 30kA 50kA
MBA, MCA, NEN, NFN, NGN 6kA 10kA B, C, D 25kA 20kA 15kA - 15kA 30kA 50kA
NBNxxxA, NCNxxxA, NDNxxxA 10kA 15kA B, C, D 25kA 20kA 15kA - - 30kA 50kA
- 25kA B, C, D - - - - - 30kA 50kA
NQN, NRN, NSN - 20kA B, C, D - - - - - 30kA 50kA
- 15kA B, C, D - - - - - 30kA 50kA
MMN2xx, MMN3xx - 25-20kA magn. - - - - - 30kA 50kA
HLE, HLF 10kA 10kA B, C - - - - 15kA 30kA -
HMB, HMC, HMD 15kA 15kA B, C, D - - - - - 30kA -
HMJ, HMK - 30kA B, C - - - - - - -
HMX - 50kA C - - - - - - -
4.51
Discrimination MCBs / MCBs
Limits (kA) Upstream : all MCB (1 and 1,5 modules / pole) and RCBO ranges
B curve C curve
In 6A 10A 13A 16A 20A 25A 32A 40A 45A 50A 63A 80A 100A 125A 1A 2A 3A 4A 6A 10A 13A 16A 20A 25A 32A 40A 45A 50A 63A
6A - 0,04 0,05 0,06 0,08 0,1 0,13 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - 0,08 0,1 0,12 0,15 0,19 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
10A - - - 0,06 0,08 0,1 0,13 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,23 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - 0,12 0,15 0,19 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
13A - - - - 0,08 0,1 0,13 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - 0,15 0,19 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
16A - - - - - 0,1 0,13 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - 0,19 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
20A - - - - - - 0,13 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
25A - - - - - - - 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - - 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
B curve
16A - - - - - - - 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - 0,19 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
Downstream: all MCB (1 and 1,5 module / pole) and RCBO ranges
20A - - - - - - - - - 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
25A - - - - - - - - - - 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - - 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
32A - - - - - - - - - - - 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,38 0,47
40A - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,47
50A - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
63A - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
80A - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
100A - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
125A - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
0,5A 0,024 0,04 0,05 0,06 0,08 0,1 0,13 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - 0,015 0,023 0,03 0,05 0,08 0,1 0,12 0,15 0,19 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
1A 0,024 0,04 0,05 0,06 0,08 0,1 0,13 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - 0,023 0,03 0,05 0,08 0,1 0,12 0,15 0,19 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
2A - 0,04 0,05 0,06 0,08 0,1 0,13 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - 0,05 0,08 0,1 0,12 0,15 0,19 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
3A - - - 0,06 0,08 0,1 0,13 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - 0,08 0,1 0,12 0,15 0,19 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
4A - - - - 0,08 0,1 0,13 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - 0,1 0,12 0,15 0,19 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
6A - - - - - - 0,13 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - 0,15 0,19 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
10A - - - - - - - 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
13A - - - - - - - - - 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - - 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
D curve
4A - - - - - 0,1 0,13 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - 0,19 0,24 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
6,3A - - - - - - - 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - - 0,3 0,34 0,38 0,47
10A - - - - - - - - - - 0,25 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,47
12,5A - - - - - - - - - - - 0,32 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
16A - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,4 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
20A - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
25A - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
4.52
D curve MMNxxx range
80A 100A 125A 1A 2A 3A 4A 6A 10A 13A 16A 20A 25A 32A 40A 45A 50A 63A 80A 100A 125A 0,63A 1,25A 1,6A 2,5A 4A 6,3A 10A 12,5A 16A 20A 25A
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- - 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
0,6 0,75 0,94 0,015 0,03 0,045 0,06 0,09 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 0,008 0,016 0,02 0,03 0,05 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - 0,03 0,045 0,06 0,09 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - 0,016 0,02 0,03 0,05 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - 0,06 0,09 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - 0,03 0,05 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - 0,09 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - 0,05 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
Protection Devices
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- - 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
0,6 0,75 0,94 0,015 0,03 0,045 0,06 0,09 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - 0,016 0,02 0,03 0,05 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - 0,03 0,045 0,06 0,09 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - 0,02 0,03 0,05 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - 0,06 0,09 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - 0,05 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - 0,09 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- - 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - 0,06 0,09 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - 0,02 0,03 0,05 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - 0,05 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - 0,15 0,2 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - 0,05 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - 0,24 0,3 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - 0,08 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - 0,38 0,48 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - 0,6 0,68 0,75 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - 0,2 0,25 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,95 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - 0,31
0,6 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,2 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- 0,75 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,5 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- - 0,94 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1,9 - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
4.53
Co-ordination Fuses / MCBs
Cascading fuses / MCBs 1PP+N / 2PP 230V - 240 V IEC 947-2
Cascading fuses / MCBs 1PP 230V - 240 V 2PP / 3PP / 3PP+N / 4PP 400 - 415 V IEC 947-2
4.54
125A 160A 200A 250A 315A 400A 500A 630A 800A
- - - - - - - - -
15 kA 6,5 kA 6 kA 6 kA 6 kA 6 kA 6 kA 6 kA 6 kA
25 kA 11 kA 10 kA 10 kA 10 kA 10 kA 10 kA 10 kA 10 kA
70 kA 35 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA
100 kA 100 kA 70 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA
50 kA 25 kA 10 kA 10 kA 10 kA 10 kA 10 kA 10 kA 10 kA
70 kA 35 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA
15 kA 6,5 kA 6 kA 6 kA 6 kA 6 kA 6 kA 6 kA 6 kA
25 kA 11 kA 7,5 kA 7,5 kA 7,5 kA 7,5 kA 7,5 kA 7,5 kA 7,5 kA
70 kA 35 kA 9 kA 9 kA 9 kA 9 kA 9 kA 9 kA 9 kA
100 kA 100 kA 70 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA
100 kA 100 kA 70 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA
100 kA 100 kA 70 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA
45 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA 20 kA
Protection Devices
50 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA 30 kA
100 kA 100 kA 100 kA 60 kA 60 kA 60 kA 60 kA 60 kA 60 kA
100 kA 100 kA 100 kA 100 kA 100 kA 100 kA 100 kA 100 kA 100 kA
- - - - - - - - -
4.55
Discrimination Chart Fuses /MCBs
2A - 0,09 0,12 0,15 0,19 0,23 0,38 0,57 0,9 1,5 2,7 4,8 9,3 T T T T T
3A - - 0,105 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,32 0,46 0,7 1,1 1,9 3,2 5,9 T T T T T
4A - - - 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,32 0,46 0,7 1,1 1,9 3,2 5,9 T T T T T
6A - - - - - 0,18 0,29 0,42 0,62 1 1,5 2,3 3,8 7,1 T T T T
10A - - - - - - 0,26 0,37 0,55 0,9 1,3 2 3,3 6 T T T T
C curve
T = total discrimination
Each underlined value must be read as T when it is over the breaking capacity range of MCBs.
4.56
Discrimination Chart Fuses /MCBs
3A - - 0,105 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,32 0,46 0,7 1,1 1,9 3,2 5,9 12 T T T T T
4A - - - 0,13 0,16 0,2 0,32 0,46 0,7 1,1 1,9 3,2 5,9 12 T T T T T
6A - - - - - 0,18 0,29 0,42 0,62 1 1,5 2,3 3,8 7,1 14 T T T T
10A - - - - - - 0,26 0,37 0,55 0,9 1,3 2 3,3 6 11 21 T T T
C curve
Protection Devices
50A - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2,8 4,5 6,8 10 T T
63A - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4,5 6,8 10 T T
0,5A 0,07 0,12 0,16 0,22 0,24 0,34 0,61 1 1,6 3,2 5,7 11 24 T T T T T T
1A - 0,09 0,12 0,15 0,19 0,23 0,38 0,54 0,85 1,4 2,3 4 6,9 13 T T T T T
2A - - - 0,15 0,19 0,23 0,38 0,54 0,85 1,4 2,3 4 6,9 13 T T T T T
3A - - - - 0,16 0,2 0,31 0,44 0,67 1,1 1,6 2,8 5 9,2 19 T T T T
4A - - - - - 0,2 0,31 0,44 0,67 1,1 1,6 2,8 5 9,2 19 T T T T
6A - - - - - - - 0,37 0,54 0,87 1,3 2,1 3,6 6,4 11 23 T T T
10A - - - - - - - - 0,46 0,74 1,1 1,6 2,8 5 8,6 15 T T T
D curve
Downstream:
T = total discrimination
Each underlined value must be read as T when it is over the breaking capacity range of MCBs.
4.57