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Simultanous Equations Chapter 4 PDF

This document discusses solving simultaneous equations through substitution. It begins with examples of determining whether equations are linear or non-linear, and expanding expressions. The steps for solving simultaneous equations using substitution are outlined as: 1) isolate one variable, 2) substitute into the other equation, 3) simplify and solve the resulting quadratic equation. Several word problems involving simultaneous linear and quadratic equations are then solved using this substitution method and worked through step-by-step.

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Syazwan Akid
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264 views

Simultanous Equations Chapter 4 PDF

This document discusses solving simultaneous equations through substitution. It begins with examples of determining whether equations are linear or non-linear, and expanding expressions. The steps for solving simultaneous equations using substitution are outlined as: 1) isolate one variable, 2) substitute into the other equation, 3) simplify and solve the resulting quadratic equation. Several word problems involving simultaneous linear and quadratic equations are then solved using this substitution method and worked through step-by-step.

Uploaded by

Syazwan Akid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Simultaneous Equations

CHAPTER 4 : SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS


Activity 1
State whether each of the following equation are linear or non-linear equation.
Equation
Linear/non-linear
1. x 2y = 7

Linear

2. xy = 4
3.

Non linear

y = 2x + 3

4. 2x + 3y = 14
5.

x2 + y2 = 4

4 15
5
x y
7. x 2y 2 = 0
6.

8.

y x2 = 2x

9.

x2 + xy + y2 = 7

10. x(y 2x) = 1


Activity 2
Expand the following expression
1 ( x + 3 )2 x 3 x 3

( 3x + 4 )2

x2 6 x 9

(x+6)

x2 12 x 36

( x 5 )2

x2 10 x 25

(x7)

x2 14 x 49

( 2x + 5 )

75 120 x 48 x2

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( 3 5x ) 2

9 30 x 25x2

10

2 ( 2x 5)2

8x2 40 x 50

4 x2 20 x 25

11 3 ( 5 4x )2

( 6 x )2

36 12x x2

( 4x 5 )

16 x2 40 x 25

9 x2 24 x 16
2

15

5 ( 2 3x )2

20 60 x 45x2

Simultaneous Equations

12 5 ( 3 4x )2

16

17

1 2x
3

1 4 x 4 x2
3

18x2 60 x 50

14 3 ( 8 x )2

4 12 x 9 x2

45 120 x 80 x2

13 2 ( 3x 5 )2

2 3x
4

18

192 48 x 3x2

1 3x
2

1 6 x 9 x 2
2

The steps in solving simultaneous equations:


Step 1 :

From the linear equation, arrange so that one of the unknown becomes the
subject of the equation (3).( x or y )

Step 2 :

Substitute the equation above into the non-linear equation. Eliminate fraction
and bracket before substitution.

Step 3 :

Simplify and expressed the equation in the form of ax2 + bx + c = 0

Step 4 :

b b 2 4ac
Solve the quadratic equation using factorisation or the formula :
2a

Step 5 :

Find the value of the second unknown by substituting the value obtained into
the equation (3) from step 1.

Example :

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Simultaneous Equations

Solve the following simultaneous equations:


1.

2.
x y 5
......... 1
2
x 2 xy y 13 ........... 2
From 1 , y 5 x .......... 3
Substitute 3 int o 2

x y 3
............... 1
2
2
x y 29 ............... 2
From 1 : y 3 x
................ 3
Substitute 3 int o 2 :

x 2 2 x 5 x 5 x 13
x 2 10 x 2 x 2 25 10 x x 2 13 0
4 x 2 20 x 12 0
x2 5x 3 0
2

x 2 3 x 29
x 2 3 x 3 x 29 0
x 2 9 6 x x 2 29 0
2 x 2 6 x 20 0
x 2 3 x 10 0
x 5 x 2 0
x 5 0 or x 2 0
x5
x 2
From 3 , y 3 x
y 35
y 3 2
y 2
y5
2

3.

5
2 1

5 13
2
x 4.303
or
From 3 , y 5 4.303
y 0.6970

4 1 3

x 0.6972
y 5 0.6972
y 4.303

4.
3x 2 y 1
.......... 1
2
2
3 y 4 xy x 6 .......... 2
1 3x
From 1 , y
........... 3
2
Substitute 3 int o 2 :
2

1 3x
1 3x 2
3
4x
x 6
2
2
1 6 x 9 x2
2
3
2 x 1 3 x x 6 0
4

3 18 x 27 x 2
2 x 6 x2 x2 6 0
4
3 18 x 27 x 2 8 x 24 x 2 4 x 2 24 0
x 2 10 x 21 0
x 2 10 x 21 0
x 3 x 7 0
x3 0
or
x7 0
x 3
x 7
1 3 3
1 3 7
From 3 : y
y
2
2
y5
y 11

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3x y 3
.......... 1
2 1
3x
2 2
6x
3x y
y
2 y 3 x 6 xy .......... 2
From 1 ,
y 3 3x
........... 3
Substitute 3 int o 2 :
2 3 3x 3x 6 x 3 3x
6 6 x 3 x 18 x 18 x 2
18 x 2 6 x 18 x 3 x 6 0
18 x 2 21x 6 0
6 x2 7 x 2 0
3x 2 2 x 1 0
3x 2 0
or
2x 1 0
2
1
x
x
3
2
2
1
From 3 : y 3 3
y 3 3
3
2
3
y 1
y
2

Simultaneous Equations

5.

2 x y x 2 xy y 2 7
2x y 7
........... 1
2
2
x xy y 7
........... 2
From 1 ,
y 7 2x
........... 3
Substitute 3 int o 2
x2 x 7 2 x 7 2 x 7
x 2 7 x 2 x 2 49 28 x 4 x 2 7 0
7 x 2 35 x 42 0
x2 5x 6 0
x 2 x 3 0
x 2 0 or x 3 0
x2
x3
From 3 , y 7 2 2
y 7 2 3
y3
y 1
2

Activity 3
Solve each of the following pairs of simultaneous equation using substitution method.
2. 2x y = 1
9x2 2y2 + 9 = 0

1. 2x + y = 1
5x2 y2 = 11

x = 1, 7
y = 3, 15

x = 2, 6
y = 3, 11

4. 4x + 2y = x2 + xy 4x = 2

3. x + 2y = 2
1 2
5
x y

x = 1, 2/5
y = 1/2, 4/5

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x = 1, 2
y = 3, 5

Simultaneous Equations

5. Solve the following simultaneous equations and give your answers correct to four
decimal places.
2x + 3y + 1 = 0
x2 + 6xy + 6 = 0

x =1.1196, 1.7863
y = 1.0797, 0.8575

Exercise 1
Solve each of the following pairs of simultaneous equations.
1. x y = 2
2. 3x + y = 8
x2 5xy + 2y2 = 8
3x2 + y2 = 28

x =1, 0
y = 1, 2

3 x 2y = 7
x2 + 4y2 = 37

4. 2y x = 1
xy + x2 = 26

x = 6, 1
y = 1/2, 3

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x =1, 3
y = 5, 1

x = 13/3, 4
y = 5/3, 5/2

Simultaneous Equations

5.

x 3y = 4
2x2 9y2 = 17

6. 2x y = 3
2x2 + 3xy = 1

x = 3, 11
y = 1/3, 5

7. x2 y + y2 = 2x +2y = 10

8. x + y = 6
2 5
3
x y

x = 5/2, 2
y = 5/2, 3

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x = 1/8, 1
y = 11/4, 1

x = 1, 4
y = 5, 2

Simultaneous Equations

9. x 2y = 3
2 5
9
x y

10. x + y = 7
4 15
5
x y

x =2, 1/3
y =1/2, 5/3

11. 2x 5y = 7
12x2 5y2 = 7

12. 2x + 3y = 1
x(x + y) = 10

x =1, 3/2
y = 1, 2

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x = 2, 14/5
y = 5, 21/5

x =5, 6
y = 3, 13/3

Simultaneous Equations

13. 2x + 3y = 7
x2 + xy + y2 = 7

14. 2x + 3y + 1 = 0
x2 + 6xy + 5 = 0

x = 1, 2
y = 3, 1

16. k h = 2
k2 + 2h2 = 9

15. xy = 4
2x + 3y = 14

x = 1, 6
y = 4, 2/3

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x =1, 5/3
y = 1, 7/9

(3 decimal places)

h = 0.742, 6.742
k = 2.742, 4.742

Simultaneous Equations

Activity 4
1. Find the points of intersection between the curve y2 2x = 13 and the straight line
xy=1.
2. If (3,1) is one of the solution of simultaneous equation mx 3y = 15 and
8x2 27y2 = 5n , find the value of m and n . Hence, find the other solution .
3. The straight line y = 2x + 3 intersect the curve xy + 20 = 5y at point A and point B .
Calculate the coordinates of point A and B.
4. Given that (3k, 2p) is a solution of the simultaneous equations x 2y = 4 and
2 3

1. Find the value of k and p .


x 2y
Enrichment exercise (Past years SPM questions)
1. Solve the equations 4x + y + 8 = x2 + x y = 2 .
2. Solve the simultaneous equations

x 2
4
3 y

and x + 6y = 3

3. Given the curve y2 = 8(1 x) and the straight line

y
= 4. Without plotting a graph,
x

calculate the intersection points for both graphs .


4. Solve the simultaneous equations 2x + 3y = 9 and

5. Solve the simultaneous equations

6y x
1
x y

x y
3 2 1
3 0 and 0 .
3 2
x y 2

6. Solve the simultaneous equations 3x 5 = 2y and y(x + y) = x(x + y) 5


7. Given that M = 2x y , N = 3x + 1 and R = xy 8 . Find the values of x and y
such that 2M = N = R .
8. Solve the simultaneous equations below and give your answers correct to two decimal
places,
x 4y = 9
x
3y2 = 7
2
9. Solve the simultaneous equations 4x + y = 8 and x2 + x y = 2 .
10. Solve the simultaneous equations p m = 2 and p2 + 2m = 8 . Give your answers
correct to three decimal places .
1
11. Solve the simultaneous equations x + y 1 and y2 10 = 2x .
2

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Simultaneous Equations

Simultaneous Equations Answers


Activity 4
1. (2, 3), (5, 6)
8. x = 11.56 , x = 3.76

2. m = 4, n = 9
5
3. A( ,8) B1, 5
2
3
4. p 1, p
4
8
1
k ,k
3
3

y = 0.64 , y = - 1.31
9. x = - 2 , - 3
y=0,4
10. m = 0.606 , - 6.606
p = 2.606 , - 4.606

Enrichment
1. x 1, 4

y 2 ,10

2. x 0 ,15

1
, 2
2

1
3. ( , 2 ) and (- 1, - 4)
2
4. x = 3 , x = 18
y=1,y=-9
5. x = 9 , x = - 6
y = 12 , y = 2
6. x = 3 , y = 2
7. x = - 2 , y =
x=9,y=4

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3
2

1
2
y=-4,3

11. x = 3 ,

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