Annals of Fuzzy Mathematics and Informatics

Volume x, No. x, (Month 201y), pp. 1xx

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Neutrosophic complex N -continuity

R. Narmada Devi

Received 1 June 2016; Revised 4 July 2016; Accepted 27 July 2016

In this paper, the concept of N -open set in neutrosophic
complex topological space is introduced. Some of the interesting properties of neutrosophic complex N -open sets are studied. The idea of neutrosophic complex N -continuous function and its characterization are discussed. Also the interrelation among the sets and continuity are established.

Abstract.

2010 AMS Classification: 54A40, 03E72

Keywords: Neutrosophic complex set, Neutrosophic complex topological space,
Neutrosophic complex N -open set, Neutrosophic complex N -continuous function.
Corresponding Author: R.Narmada Devi ([email protected])

1. Introduction

he concept of fuzzy sets was introduced by L. A. Zadeh in 1965[18]. After

the introduction of fuzzy sets, and fuzzy logic have been applied in many real applications to handle uncertainty. There are several kinds of fuzzy set extensions in
the fuzzy set theory, for example, intuitionistic fuzzy set, interval-valued fuzzy sets,
etc. After the introduction of intuitionistic fuzzy sets by Atanassov[4], the concept
of imprecise data called neutrosophic sets was introduced by Smarandache[17]. The
concept of neutrosophic topological space was introduced in [12, 13, 14, 16]. In classical topological space, the idea of b-open and semi open sets and their properties were
introduced in [2, 3]. The extention of -open, semi-open sets respectivley in neutrosophic crisp topological space was discussed in [15]. Also S. Broumi[5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
introduced some interesting concepts like interval valued neutrosophic graphs, single
valued neutrosophic graphs and its applications. Moreover the concept of complex
fuzzy set was introduced in [11] and it was generalized to complex neutrosophic set
by Ali[1].

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2. Preliminaries
Definition 2.1 ([16]). Let X be a nonempty set. A neutrosophic set A in X is
defined as an object of the form A = {hx, TA (x), IA (x), FA (x)i : x X} such that
TA , IA , FA : X [0, 1] and 0 TA (x) + IA (x) + FA (x) 3.
Definition 2.2 ([11]). A complex fuzzy set S defined on a universe of discourse X
is characterized by a membership function S (x) that assigns any element x X a
complex-valued grade of membership in S. The value S (x) all lie within the unit
circle in the coplex plane and thus all of the form pS (x)ejS (x) where pS (x) and
S (x) are both real valued and pS (x) [0, 1]. Here pS (x) is termed as amplitude
term and ejS (x) is termed as phase term. The complex fuzzy set may be represented
in the form as S = {(x, S (x)) : x X}.
Definition 2.3 ([11]). Let S be a complex fuzzy set S on X. the complement of S
denoted as c(S) and is specified by a function c(S) (x) = (1 pS (x))ej(2S (x)) .
Definition 2.4 ([11]). Let A and B be two complex fuzzy sets on X and A (x) =
rA (x)ejA (x) and B (x) = rB (x)ejB (x) be their membership functions respectively.
The union of A and B is denoted as A B which is specified by a function
AB (x) = rAB (x)ejAB (x) = (rA (x) rB (x))ej(A (x)B (x)) ,
where denote the max operator.
Definition 2.5 ([11]). Let A and B be two complex fuzzy sets on X and A (x) =
rA (x)ejA (x) and B (x) = rB (x)ejB (x) be their membership functions respectively.
The intersection of A and B is denoted as A B which is specified by a function
AB (x) = rAB (x)ejAB (x) = (rA (x) rB (x))ej(A (x)B (x)) ,
where denote the min operator.
3. Neutrosophic complex set theory
Definition 3.1. Let X be a nonempty set. A neutrosophic complex set
A = {hx, TA (x), IA (x), FA (x)i : x X}
is defined on the universe of discourse X which is characterized by a truth membership function TA , an indeterminacy membership function IA and a falsity membership function FA that assigns a complex values grade of TA (x), IA (x), FA (x) in
A for any x X. The values TA (x), IA (x) and FA (x) and their sum may all within
the unit circle in the complex plane and so is of the following form:
TA (x) = pA (x).ejA (x) , IA (x) = qA (x).ejA (x) and FA (x) = rA (x).ejA (x) ,
where pA (x), qA (x), rA (x) and A (x), A (x), A (x) are respectively real valued and
pA (x), qA (x), rA (x) [0, 1] such that 0 pA (x) + qA (x) + rA (x) 3.
Definition 3.2. Let A = hx, TA (x), IA (x), FA (x)i and B = hx, TB (x), IB (x), FB (x)i
be any two neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then the intersection of A and B is
denoted and defined as A e B = hx, TAB (x), IAB (x), FAB (x)i, where
TAB (x) = [pA (x) PB (x)]ej[A (x)B (x)] ,
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IAB (x) = [qA (x) qB (x)]ej[A (x)B (x)]

and
FAB (x) = [rA (x) rB (x)]ej[A (x)B (x)] .
Definition 3.3. Let A = hx, TA (x), IA (x), FA (x)i and B = hx, TB (x), IB (x), FB (x)i
be any two neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then the union of A and B is denoted
and defined as A d B = hx, TAB (x), IAB (x), FAB (x)i, where
TAB (x) = [pA (x) PB (x)]ej[A (x)B (x)] ,
IAB (x) = [qA (x) qB (x)]ej[A (x)B (x)]
and
FAB (x) = [rA (x) rB (x)]ej[A (x)B (x)] .
Definition 3.4. Let A = hx, TA (x), IA (x), FA (x)i and B = hx, TB (x), IB (x), FB (x)i
be any two neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then A B if
TA (x) TB (x), IA (x) IB (x) and FA (x) FB (x), for all x X.
That is,
pA (x) PB (x), A (x) B (x), qA (x) qB (x), A (x) B (x), rA (x) rB (x)
and A (x) B (x), for all x X.
Example 3.5. Let X = {a} be a nonempty set. Let
A = ha, 0.3ej0.5 , 0.3ej0.2 , 0.5ej0.5 i and B = ha, 0.6ej0.8 , 0.4ej0.4 , 0.4ej0.3 i
be any two neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then A B.
Example 3.6. Let X = {a} be a nonempty set. Let
A = ha, 0.3ej0.8 , 0.4ej0.2 , 0.5ej0.5 i and B = ha, 0.6ej0.5 , 0.3ej0.4 , 0.4ej0.3 i
be any two neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then
(1) A d B = ha, 0.6ej0.8 , 0.4ej0.4 , 0.4ej0.3 i.
(2) A e B = ha, 0.3ej0.5 , 0.3ej0.2 , 0.5ej0.5 i.
Definition 3.7. Let A = hx, TA (x), IA (x), FA (x)i be any neutrosophic complex set
in X. Then the complement of A is denoted and defined as
Ac = hx, TAc (x), IAc (x), FAc (x)i, where
TAc (x) = [1 pA (x)]ej[1A (x)] ,
IAc (x) = [1 qA (x)]ej[1A (x)]
and
FAc (x) = [1 rA (x)]ej[1A (x)] .
Definition 3.8. The neutrosophic complex sets 1N and 0N are defined by
1N = {hx, 1ej0 , 1ej0 , 0ej1 i : x X} and 0N = {hx, 0ej1 , 0ej1 , 1ej0 i : x X}.
Remark 3.9. Let A and B be any two neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then
(1) Ac c = A.
(2) A e B c = Ac d B c .
(3) A d B c = Ac e B c .
c
(4) 0N = 1N .
c
(5) 1N = 0N .
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Definition 3.10. A neutrosophic complex topology ( N CT for short ) on a nonempty

set X is a family T of IF Ss in X satisfying the following axioms:
(i) 0N , 1N T .
(ii) G1 e G2 T for any G1 , G2 T .
(iii) dGi T , for arbitrary family {Gi | i I} T .
Then (X, T ) is called a neutrosophic complex topological space (N CT S, for short)
on X and each neutrosophic complex set in T is called a neutrosophic complex open
set (N COS, for short).
The complement Ac of a neutrosophic complex open set N COS A in a neutrosophic complex topological spaces (X, T ) is called an neutrosophic complex closed
set (N CCS, for short) in X.
Example 3.11. Let X = {a} be a nonempty set and let
A = ha, 0.6ej0.8 , 0.3ej0.4 , 0.5ej0.3 i be a neutrosophic complex set in X. Then T =
{0N , A, 1N } is a neutrosophic complex topology and the pair (X, T ) is a neutrosophic
complex topological space. Also, A is a neutrosophic complex open set in X and its
complement Ac = ha, 0.4ej0.2 , 0.7ej0.6 , 0.5ej0.7 i is a neutrosophic complex closed set
in X.
Definition 3.12. Let (X, T ) be any N CT S and let A be a neutrosophic complex
set in X. Then the neutrosophic complex interior and neutrosophic complex closure
of A are defined by
(i) N Cint(A) = d{G | G is a N COS in X and G A},
(ii) N Ccl(A) = e{G | G is a N CCS in X and G A}.
Remark 3.13. For any neutrosophic complex set A in (X, T ), we have
c
(1) N Ccl(Ac ) = N Cint(A) .
c
(2) N Cint(Ac ) = N Ccl(A) .
(3) A is a N CCS iff N Ccl(A) = A.
(4) A is a N COS iff N Cint(A) = A.
(5) N Ccl(A) is a N CCS in X.
(6) N Cint(A) is a N COS in X.
Proposition 3.14. Let (X, T ) be any neutrosophic complex topological space N CT S
and A, B be neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then the following properties hold:
(1) A N Ccl(A).
(2) A B N Ccl(A) N Ccl(B).
(3) N Ccl(N Ccl(A)) = N Ccl(A).
(4) N Ccl(A d B) = N Ccl(A) d N Ccl(B).
(5) N Ccl(0N ) = 0N .
(6) N Ccl(1N ) = 1N .
Proposition 3.15. Let (X, T ) be any neutrosophic complex topological space N CT S
and A, B be neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then the following properties hold:
(1) N Cint(A) A.
(2) A B N Cint(A) N Cint(B).
(3) N Cint(N Cint(A)) = N Cint(A).
(4) N Cint(A e B) = N Cint(A) e N Cint(B).
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(5) N Cint(0N ) = 0N .
(6) N Cint(1N ) = 1N .
Definition 3.16. Let A be any neutrosophic complex set of a neutrosophic complex
topological space (X, T ). Then A is called a neutrosophic complex
(i) regular open (N CROS) set, if A = N Cint(N Ccl(A)),
(ii) preopen (N CP OS) set, if A N Cint(N Ccl(A)),
(iii) semiopen (N CSOS) set, if A N Ccl(N Cint(A)),
(iv) -open (N COS) set, if A N Cint(N Ccl(N Cint(A))),
(v) -open (N COS) set, if A N Ccl(N Cint(N Ccl(A))),
(vi) b-open (N CbOS) set, if A N Cint(N Ccl(A)) d N Ccl(N Cint(A)).
Definition 3.17. Let A be any neutrosophic complex set of a neutrosophic complex
topological space (X, T ). Then A is called a neutrosophic complex
(i) regular closed (N CRCS) set, if Ac is a N CROS,
(ii) preclosed (N CP CS) set, if Ac is a N CP OS,
(iii) semiopen (N CSCS) set, if Ac is a N CSOS,
(iv) -open (N CCS) set, if Ac is a N COS,
(v) -open (N CCS) set, if Ac is a N COS,
(vi) b-closed (N CbCS) set if Ac is a N CbOS.
Definition 3.18. Let (X, T ) be any N CT S and let A be a neutrosophic complex
set in X. Then the neutrosophic complex b-interior and neutrosophic complex semiclosure of A are defined by
(i) N Cbint(A) = d{G | G is a N CbOS in X and G A},
(ii) N CScl(A) = e{G | G is a N CSCS in X and G A}.
Definition 3.19. Let (X, T ) be any N CT S and let A be a neutrosophic complex
set in X. Then A is called a neutrosophic complex N -open set (N CN OS), if
A N CScl(N Cbint(A)) d N Ccl(N Cint(A)).
The complement of a neutrosophic complex N -open set is a neutrosophic complex
N -closed set(N CN CS)
Proposition 3.20. Let A be any neutrosophic complex open set in (X, T ).
(1) If A is a neutrosophic complex N -open set and N Cint(A) = 0N , then A
N CScl(N Cbint(A)).
(2) If A is a neutrosophic complex -open set and a neutrosophic complex closed
set, then A is a neutrosophic complex N -open set.
Proof. (1) Let A be any neutrosophic complex N -open set in X such that N Cint(A) =
0N . Then A N CScl(N Cbint(A)) d N Ccl(N Cint(A)) N CScl(N Cbint(A)).
(2) Let A be any neutrosophic complex -open set and a neutrosophic complex
closed set in X. Since A N Cbint(A) and A is a neutrosophic complex closed set
in X, N CScl(A) N CScl(N Cbint(A)). Then A N CScl(N Cbint(A)).
Also, we have A N Ccl(N Cint(N Ccl(A))) N Ccl(N Cint(A)). Thus
A N CScl(N Cbint(A)) d N Ccl(N Cint(A)).
So A is a neutrosophic complex N -open set in X.
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Proposition 3.21. Let (X, T ) be any neutrosophic complex topological space. Then
the union of any family of neutrosophic complex N -open sets is a neutrosophic complex N -open set in X.
Proof. Suppose that A1 and A2 be any two neutrosophic complex N -open sets in
X. Then
A1 N CScl(N Cbint(A1 )) d N Ccl(N Cint(A1 ))
and
A2 N CScl(N Cbint(A2 )) d N Ccl(N Cint(A2 )).
Thus
A1 d A2 [N CScl(N Cbint(A1 )) d N Ccl(N Cint(A1 ))]
d[N CScl(N Cbint(A2 )) d N Ccl(N Cint(A2 ))]
[N CScl(N Cbint(A1 )) d N CScl(N Cbint(A2 ))]
d[N Ccl(N Cint(A1 )) d N Ccl(N Cint(A2 ))]
[N CScl(N Cbint(A1 ) d N Cbint(A2 ))]
d[N Ccl(N Cint(A1 ) d N Cint(A2 ))]
[N CScl(N Cbint(A1 d A2 ))]
d[N Ccl(N Cint(A1 d A2 ))].
So A1 d A2 is a neutrosophic complex N -open set in X. By using induction method,
we have the union of any family of neutrosophic complex N -open sets is a neutrosophic complex N -open set in X.

Proposition 3.22. If A is a neutrosophic complex N -open set and neutrosophic
complex -closed set in (X, T ), then A is a neutrosophic complex regular closed set
in X.
Proof. Let A be neutrosophic complex N -open set and neutrosophic complex closed set in X. Then
N Ccl(N Cint(N Ccl(A))) A
N CScl(N Cbint(A)) N Ccl(N Cint(A))
N Ccl(N Cint(N Ccl(A))).
Thus N Ccl(N Cint(N Ccl(A))) = A. Clearly, we have A is a neutrosophic complex
closed set in X. So N Ccl(N Cint(A)) = A. Hence A is a neutrosophic complex
regular closed set in X.

Proposition 3.23. If A is a neutrosophic complex N -open set and neutrosophic
complex -closed set in (X, T ), then A = N CScl(N Cbint(A)) d N Ccl(N Cint(A)).
Proof. Let A be neutrosophic complex N -open set in X. Then
(3.1)

A N CScl(N Cbint(A)) N Ccl(N Cint(A)).

Since A is a neutrosophic complex -closed set in X, A is a neutrosophic complex

semiclosed set and neutrosophic complex preclosed set in X. Thus
N Ccl(N Cint(A)) A and N Cint(N Ccl(A)) A.
So N Ccl(N Cint(A)) d N Cint(N Ccl(A)) A.
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Also A is a neutrosophic complex semiopen set in X. Then N CSint(A) = A.

Thus N CSint(A) d N Cint(N Ccl(A)) d N Ccl(N Cint(A)) A. So
(3.2)

N CScl(N Cbint(A)) d N Ccl(N Cint(A)) A

Hence A = N CScl(N Cbint(A)) d N Ccl(N Cint(A)).

Proposition 3.24. Let (X, T ) be any N CT S. Then

(1) Every neutrosophic complex open set is a neutrosophic complex N -open set.
(2) Every neutrosophic complex regular open set is a neutrosophic complex N -open
set.
(3) Every neutrosophic complex -open set is a neutrosophic complex N -open set.
(4) Every neutrosophic complex semi open set is a neutrosophic complex N -open
set.
(5) Every neutrosophic complex preopen set is a neutrosophic complex N -open
set.
(6) Every neutrosophic complex N -open set is a neutrosophic complex -open set.
Remark 3.25. The converse of Proposition 3.7 need not be true as shown in the
following examples.
Example 3.26. Let X = {a, b} be a nonempty set. Let
A = {ha, 0.9ej0.7 , 0.9ej0.8 , 0.1ej0.1 i, hb, 0.7ej0.7 , 0.7ej0.8 , 0.2ej0.2 i}
and
B = {ha, 0.9ej0.8 , 0.9ej0.9 , 0.1ej0.1 i, hb, 0.8ej0.8 , 0.8ej0.8 , 0.2ej0.2 i}
be any two neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then T = {0N , A, 1N } is a neutrosophic
complex topology and the pair (X, T ) is a neutrosophic complex topological space.
Since B N CScl(N Cbint(B)) d N Ccl(N Cint(B)) = 1N , B is a neutrosophic complex N -open set in X. Since N Cint(B) 6= B and N Cint(N Ccl(B)) = 1N 6= B, B
is not a neutrosophic complex regular open set and also not neutrosophic complex
open set in X.
Example 3.27. Let X = {a, b} be a nonempty set. Let
A = {ha, 0.2ej0.2 , 0.2ej0.2 , 0.7ej0.7 i, hb, 0.1ej0.1 , 0.1ej0.2 , 0.5ej0.5 i}
and
B = {ha, 0.3ej0.3 , 0.3ej0.3 , 0.7ej0.7 i, hb, 0.2ej0.2 , 0.2ej0.2 , 0.5ej0.5 i}
be any two neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then T = {0N , A, 1N } is a neutrosophic complex topology and the pair (X, T ) is a neutrosophic complex topological space. Since B N CScl(N Cbint(B)) d N Ccl(N Cint(B)) = Ac , B is a
neutrosophic complex N -open set in X. Since B * N Cint(N Ccl(B)) = A and
B * N Cint(N Ccl(N Ccl((B)) = A, B is not a neutrosophic complex pre open set
and also not neutrosophic complex -open set in X.
Example 3.28. Let X = {a, b} be a nonempty set. Let
A = {ha, 0.5ej0.5 , 0.5ej0.5 , 0.3ej0.3 i, hb, 0.5ej0.5 , 0.5ej0.5 , 0.2ej0.2 i}
and
B = {ha, 0.4ej0.4 , 0.5ej0.5 , 0.4ej0.4 i, hb, 0.5ej0.5 , 0.5ej0.5 , 0.4ej0.4 i}
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be any two neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then T = {0N , A, 1N } is a neutrosophic

complex topology and the pair (X, T ) is a neutrosophic complex topological space.
Since B N CScl(N Cbint(B)) d N Ccl(N Cint(B)) = 1N , B is a neutrosophic complex N -open set in X. Since B * N Ccl(N Cint(B)) = 0N , B is not a neutrosophic
complex semi open set in X.
Remark 3.29. Clearly, the following diagram holds.

NCROS
NCOS
NCOS
NCOS
NCN OS
NCPOS
NCSOS

neutrosophic
neutrosophic
neutrosophic
neutrosophic
neutrosophic
neutrosophic
neutrosophic

complex
complex
complex
complex
complex
complex
complex

regular open set

open set
-open set
-open set
N -open set
preopen set
semi open set

Definition 3.30. Let (X, T ) be any N CT S and let A be a neutrosophic complex

set in X. Then the neutrosophic complex N -interior and neutrosophic complex
N -closure of A are defined by
(i) N CN int(A) = d{G | G is a N CN OS in X and G A},
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(ii) N CN cl(A) = e{G | G is a N CN CS in X and G A}.

Proposition 3.31. Let (X, T ) be any neutrosophic complex topological space N CT S
and A, B be neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then the following properties hold:
(1) N CN int(A) A N CN cl(A).
(2) If A B, then N CN cl(A) N CN cl(B) and N CN int(A) N CN int(B).
(3) N CN cl(N CN cl(A)) = N CN cl(A) and N CN int(N CN int(A)) = N CN int(A).
(4) N CN cl(A d B) = N CN cl(A) d N CN cl(B)
and N CN int(A e B) = N CN int(A) e N CN int(B).
(5) N CN cl(0N ) = 0N = N CN int(0N ).
(6) N CN cl(1N ) = 1N = N CN int(1N ).
Proposition 3.32. Let (X, T ) be any neutrosophic complex topological space N CT S
and A be neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then we have
(1) N CN cl(A) N CSint(N Cbcl(A)) e N Cint(N Ccl(A)),
(2) N CN int(A) N CScl(N Cbint(A)) d N Ccl(N Cint(A))
Proof. (1) Let A be any neutrosophic complex sets in X. Then N CN cl(A) is a
neutrosophic complex N -closed set in X and A N CN cl(A). Thus
N CN cl(A) N CSint(N Cbcl(N CN cl(A))) e N Cint(N Ccl(N CN cl(A)))
N CSint(N Cbcl(A)) e N Cint(N Ccl(A)).
(2) The proof of (2) follows from (1) by taking complementation.

4. Characterizations of neutrosophic complex N -continuous
functions
Definition 4.1. Let (X, T ) and (Y, S ) be any two neutrosophic complex topological spaces. Let f : (X, T ) (Y, S ) be a function. Then f is said to be a
neutrosophic complex N -continuous function, if for each netrosophic complex open
set A in (Y, S ), f 1 (A) is a neutrosophic complex N -open set in (X, T ).
Proposition 4.2. Let (X, T ) and (Y, S ) be any two neutrosophic complex topological spaces. Let f : (X, T ) (Y, S ) be a function. Then the following statements
are equivalent:
(1) f is a neutrosophic complex N -continuous function.
(2) f 1 (A) is a neutrosophic complex closed set in (X, T ), for each neutrosophic
complex closed set A in (Y, S ).
(3) f (N CN cl(A)) N Ccl(f (A)), for each neutrosophic complex set A in (X, T ).
(4) N CN cl(f 1 (A)) f 1 (N Ccl(A)), for each neutrosophic complex set A in
(Y, S ).
Proof. (1) (2): The proof is Obvious.
(2) (3): Let A be any neutrosophic complex closed set in Y . Then N Ccl(f (A))
is a neutrosophic complex closed set in Y . By (2), f 1 (N Ccl(f (A))) is a neutrosophic complex N -closed set in X. Also we know that f (A) N Ccl(f (A)). Then
f 1 (f (A)) f 1 (N Ccl(f (A)))
. Thus
N CN cl(f 1 (f (A))) = N CN cl(A) N CN cl(f 1 (N Ccl(f (A)))).
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So f (N CN cl(A)) N Ccl(f (A)).

(3) (4): Let A be any neutrosophic complex open set in Y . By (3),
f (N CN cl(f 1 (A))) N Ccl(f (f 1 (A))).
Thus N CN cl(f 1 (A)) f 1 (N Ccl(A)).
(4) (1): Let A be any neutrosophic complex open set in Y . Then Ac is a neutrosophic complex closed set in Y . By (4), N CN cl(f 1 (Ac )) f 1 (N Ccl(Ac )) =
f 1 (Ac ).
Also we know that N CN cl(f 1 (Ac )) f 1 (Ac ). Then N CN cl(f 1 (Ac )) =
1
f (Ac ). Thus Ac is a neutrosophic complex N -closed set in X. So A is a neutrosophic complex N -open set in X. Hence f is a neutrosophic complex N -continuous
function.

Proposition 4.3. Let (X, T ) and (Y, S ) be any two neutrosophic complex topological spaces. Let f : (X, T ) (Y, S ) be a function. Then f is a neutrosophic
complex N -continuous function if and only if f 1 (N Cint(A)) N CN int(f 1 (A)),
for each neutrosophic complex set A in (Y, S ).
Proof. Assume that f is a neutrosophic complex N -continuous function. Let A be
any neutrosophic complex set in Y . Then N Cint(A) is a neutrosophic complex open
set in Y . Since f is a neutrosophic complex N -continuous function, f 1 (N Cint(A))
is a neutrosophic complex N -open set in X.
Also, we know that N Cint(A) A. Then f 1 (N Cint(A)) f 1 (A). Thus
N CN int(f 1 (N Cint(A))) = f 1 (N Cint(A) N CN int(f 1 (A)).
So f 1 (N Cint(A)) N CN int(f 1 (A)).
Conversely, suppose f 1 (N Cint(A)) N CN int(f 1 (A)), for each neutrosophic
complex set A in (Y, S ). If A is a neutrosophic complex open set in Y , then by hypothesis, f 1 (A) N CN int(f 1 (A)). We know that f 1 (A) N CN int(f 1 (A)).
Then f 1 (A) = N CN int(f 1 (A)). Thus f 1 (A) is a neutrosophic complex N -open
set in X. So f is a neutrosophic complex N -continuous function.

Proposition 4.4. Let (X, T ) and (Y, S ) be any two neutrosophic complex topological spaces. Let f : (X, T ) (Y, S ) be a function. Then the following statements
are equivalent:
(1) f is a neutrosophic complex N -continuous function.
(2) N CSint(N Cbcl(f 1 (B)))eN cint(N Ccl(f 1 (B))) f 1 (N Ccl(B)), for each
neutrosophic complex set B in (Y, S ).
Proof. (1) (2): Let B be any neutrosophic complex set in Y . Then N Ccl(B)
is a neutrosophic complex closed set in Y . Since f is a neutrosophic complex N continuous function, f 1 (N Ccl(B)) is a neutrosophic complex N -closed set in X.
By Proposition 3.9,
N CN cl(f 1 (N Ccl(B)))
= f 1 (N Ccl(B))
N CSint(N Cbcl(f 1 (N Ccl(B)))) e N Cint(N Ccl(f 1 (N Ccl(B)))).
Thus f 1 (N Ccl(B)) N CSint(N Cbcl(f 1 (B))) e N Cint(N Ccl(f 1 (B))).
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(2) (1): Let B be any neutrosophic complex closed set in Y . Then by 2),
f 1 (N Ccl(B)) N CSint(N Cbcl(f 1 (B))) e N Cint(N Ccl(f 1 (B))).
Thus f 1 (B) is a neutrosophic complex N -closed set in X. So f is a neutrosophic
complex N -continuous function.

5. Interrelationship of neutrosophic complex
N -continuity
Definition 5.1. Let (X, T ) and (Y, S ) be any two neutrosophic complex topological spaces. Let f : (X, T ) (Y, S ) be a function. Then f is said to be a
neutrosophic complex
(i) continuous function, if for each netrosophic complex open set A in (Y, S ),
f 1 (A) is a neutrosophic complex open set in (X, T ),
(ii) regular (resp. semi, pre, , )-continuous function, if for each netrosophic
complex open set A in (Y, S ), f 1 (A) is a neutrosophic complex regular (resp.
semi, pre, , )-open set in (X, T ).
Proposition 5.2. Let (X, T ), (Y, S ) and (Z, R) be any three neutrosophic complex
topological spaces. Let f : (X, T ) (Y, S ) and g : (Y, S ) (Z, R) be any two
functions.
(1) If f is a neutrosophic complex N -continuous function and g is a neutrosophic
complex continuous function, then g f is a a neutrosophic complex N -continuous
function.
(2) If f is a neutrosophic complex N -continuous function and g is a neutrosophic
complex regular continuous function, then g f is a a neutrosophic complex N continuous function.
Proposition 5.3. Let (X, T ) and (Y, S ) be any two neutrosophic complex topological spaces. Let f : (X, T ) (Y, S ) be a function.
(1) Every neutrosophic complex continuous function is a neutrosophic complex
N -continuous function.
(2) Every neutrosophic complex regular continuous function is a neutrosophic
complex N -continuous function.
(3) Every neutrosophic complex -continuous function is a neutrosophic complex
N -continuous function.
(4) Every neutrosophic complex semi-continuous function is a neutrosophic complex N -continuous function.
(5) Every neutrosophic complex pre-continuous function is a neutrosophic complex
N -continuous function.
(6) Every neutrosophic complex N -continuous function is a neutrosophic complex
-continuous function.
Remark 5.4. The converse of Proposition 5.2 need not be true as shown in the
following examples.
Example 5.5. Let X = {a} and Y = {b} be any two nonempty sets. Let
A = {ha, 0.9ej0.7 , 0.9ej0.8 , 0.1ej0.1 i and B = hb, 0.9ej0.8 , 0.9ej0.9 , 0.1ej0.1 i} be any
two neutrosophic complex sets in X and Y respectively. Then the family T =
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{0N , 1N , A} and S = {0N , 1N , B}are the neutrosophic complex topologies on X and

Y respectively. Define a function f : (X, T ) (Y, S ) be a function such that
f (a) = b. Thus f 1 (B) = B is a neutrosophic complex N -open set in X. But
f 1 (B) is not a neutrosophic complex open set and not a neutrosophic complex
regular open set in X. So, f is a neutrosophic complex N -continuous function. But
f is not neutrosophic complex continuous function and not a neutrosophic complex
regular continuous function.
Example 5.6. Let X = {a} and Y = {b} be any two nonempty sets. Let
A = {ha, 0.2ej0.2 , 0.2ej0.2 , 0.7ej0.7 i and B = hb, 0.2ej0.3 , 0.2ej0.3 , 0.5ej0.5 i} be any
two neutrosophic complex sets in X and Y respectively. Then the family T =
{0N , 1N , A} and S = {0N , 1N , B}are the neutrosophic complex topologies on X and
Y respectively. Define a function f : (X, T ) (Y, S ) be a function such that
f (a) = b. Thus f 1 (B) = B is a neutrosophic complex N -open set in X. But
f 1 (B) is not a neutrosophic complex preopen set and not a neutrosophic complex
-open set in X. So, f is a neutrosophic complex N -continuous function. But f is
not neutrosophic complex pre-continuous function and not a neutrosophic complex
-continuous function.
Example 5.7. Let X = {a} and Y = {b} be any two nonempty sets. Let
A = {ha, 0.5ej0.5 , 0.5ej0.5 , 0.3ej0.3 i and B = hb, 0.4ej0.4 , 0.5ej0.5 , 0.4ej0.4 i} be any
two neutrosophic complex sets in X and Y respectively. Then the family T =
{0N , 1N , A} and S = {0N , 1N , B}are the neutrosophic complex topologies on X and
Y respectively. Define a function f : (X, T ) (Y, S ) be a function such that
f (a) = b. Thus f 1 (B) = B is a neutrosophic complex N -open set in X. But
f 1 (B) is not a neutrosophic complex semiopen set in X. So,f is a neutrosophic
complex N -continuous function. But f is not neutrosophic complex semi-continuous
function.
Remark 5.8. Clearly, the following diagram holds.

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NCRCF
NCCF
NCCF
NCCF
NCN CF
NCPCF
NCSCF

neutrosophic
neutrosophic
neutrosophic
neutrosophic
neutrosophic
neutrosophic
neutrosophic

complex
complex
complex
complex
complex
complex
complex

regular continuous function

continuous function
continuous function
continuous function
N continuous function
precontinuous function
semicontinuous function

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Dr. R.Narmada Devi ([email protected])

Department of mathematics, Lady Doak College, Madurai,Tamil Nadu, India

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