ASSIGNMENT
CH-DETERMINANTS
1 2 3
Q1. For what value of x the matrix A = 1 2 1 is singular?
x 2 3
(ANS: x = 1 )
Q2. Determine the values of x for which the matrix
4
x+ 1 3
1
A= 5 x+ 2
2 is singular. (ANS: x = 0, 3
2
4
1
x 6
205 )
Q3. If [ ] notes the greatest integer less than or equal to the real number
under consideration, and 1 x < 0, 0 y < 1, 1 z < 2 , then find the value
of the determinant
[ x] + 1 [ y ]
[ z]
[ x] [ y ] + 1 [ z ]
[ x]
[ y] [ z] + 1
(ANS: 1)
1 3
2
Q4. If A =
, find the determinant of the matrix A 2 A . (ANS: 25)
2 1
Q5. Find the minors and cofactors of elements of the matrix
M 11 = 40, M 12
1 3 2
A = 4 5 6
3 5 2
= 10, M 13 = 35
(ANS: M 21 = 16, M 22 = 8, M 23 = 4
M 31 = 8, M 32 = 14, M 33 = 17
x
Q6. Prove that the determinant sin
cos
Q7. Let
sin
x
1
cos
1 is independent of .
x
3 y 3 2
=
. Find possible values of x and y if x, y are natural
x 1 4 1
numbers.
(ANS: ( 1, 2 ) ; ( 2, 4 ) ; ( 4, 2 ) ; ( 8,1) )
cos15o
Q8. Evaluate
sin 75o
sin15o
.
cos 75o
Q9. Without expanding evaluate the following determinants.
1 a b+ c
(ii) 1 b c + a
1 c a+ b
41 1 5
(i) 79 7 9
29 5 3
1 bc a ( b + c )
x+ y
(iv) 1 ca b ( c + a ) (v) z
1 ab c ( a + b )
1
sin
(vii) sin
sin
cos
cos
cos
b c c a a b
(iii) c a a b b c
a b b c c a
y+ z
x
1
(a
sin ( + )
sin ( + ) (viii) ( a
sin ( + )
(a
z+ x
b2 c2
y (vi) c 2 a 2
1
a 2 b2
(a
) (a
) (a
bc b + c
ca c + a
ab a + b
+ a x )
a x )
+ a y
a y )
+ a z
a z )
1
1
1
265 240 219
1 a a 2 bc
2
(ix) 240 225 198 (x) 1 b b ac = 0
219 198 181
1 c c 2 ab
Q10. Prove the following:
1 a a2
2
(i) 1 b b = ( a b ) ( b c ) ( c a )
1 c c2
1 a a3
3
(ii) 1 b b = ( a b ) ( b c ) ( c a ) ( a + b + c )
1 c c3
x
2
(iii) x
x3
2
(iv)
+
y
y2
y3
z
z 2 = xyz ( x y ) ( y z ) ( z x )
z3
2
+
2 = (
+
a b c
1
2
2
2
2
(v) a b c = a
bc ca ab a 3
1
b2
b3
)(
) (
) (
+ +
1
c 2 = ( a b ) ( b c ) ( c a ) ( ab + bc + ca )
c3
a2
(vi) ba
ac
ab
b2
bc
( b + c)
(vii)
ac
bc = 4a 2 .b 2 .c 2
c2
a2
b2
( c + a)
c2
c2
b2 + c 2
(viii) ba
ca
ab
c + a2
cb
2
a2
2
= 2abc ( a + b + c )
b2
( a + b)
ac
bc = 4a 2 b 2 c 2
a 2 + b2
x+ y
x
x
3
(ix) 5 x + 4 y 4 x 2 x = x
10 x + 8 y 8 x 3 x
a
b
ax + by
b
c
bx + cy = ( b 2 ac ) ( ax 2 + 2bxy + cy 2 )
(x)
ax + by bx + cy
0
a
b c c+ b
2
2
2
(xi) a + c b c a = ( a + b + c ) ( a + b + c )
a b b+ a
c
3a
a+ b a+ c
b + c = 3 ( a + b + c ) ( ab + bc + ca )
(xii) b + a 3b
c+ a c+ b
3c
a + b + 2c
a
b
3
c
b + c + 2a
b
= 2( a + b + c)
(xiii)
c
a
c + a + 2b
a b c
2a
2a
3
2b
b c a
2b
= ( a + b + c)
(xiv)
2c
2c
c a b
a+ b+ c
c
b
c
a+ b+ c
a
= 2 ( a + b) ( b + c) ( c + a)
(xv)
b
a
a+ b+ c
a
b
c
3
3
3
(xvi) a b b c c a = a + b + c 3abc
b+ c c+ a a+ b
1 a 2 + bc a 3
2
3
2
2
2
(xvii) 1 b + ca b = ( a b ) ( b c ) ( c a ) ( a + b + c )
1 c 2 + ab c 3
a2 ( b c )
2
2
(xviii) b b ( c a )
c2 ( a b )
a2
c2
( b + c)
2
(xix) ( c + a )
2
( a + b)
2
ca = ( a b ) ( b c ) ( c a ) ( a + b + c ) ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 )
ab
a2
bc
b2
ca = ( a b ) ( b c ) ( c a ) ( a + b + c ) ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 )
c2
ab
a ( b2 + c 2 a 2 )
(xx)
bc
2b3
2c 3
2a 3
b ( c2 + a 2 b2 )
2c 3
2a 3
2b3
( a + 1) ( a + 2 )
(xxi) ( a + 2 ) ( a + 3)
( a + 3) ( a + 4 )
c ( a 2 + b2 c2 )
a+ 2 1
a+ 3 1 = 2
a+ 4 1
a 2 2ab b 2
2
2
a 2 2ab = ( a 3 + b3 )
(xxii) b
2ab b 2
a2
a
b c c b
(xxiii) a c b c a = ( a + b c ) ( b + c a ) ( c + a b )
a b b a
c
(xxiv)
a2 + b2
c
b2 + c2
a
c2 + a2
b
= 4abc
Q11. If a,b,c are in A.P. then show that
x+ 1 x+ 2 x+ a
x 3 x 4 x
(i) x + 2 x + 3 x + b = 0 (ii) x 2 x 3 x = 0
x+ 3 x+ 4 x+ c
x 1 x 2 x
= abc ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 )
Q12. Solve the following:
a+ x a x a x
x 2 2 x 3 3x 4
(i) a x a + x a x = 0 (ii) x 4 2 x 9 3x 16 = 0
a x a x a+ x
x 8 2 x 27 3 x 64
15 2 x 11 3x 7 x
17
14 = 0
(iii) 11
10
16
13
1 x x2
2
(iv) 1 a a = 0, a b
1 b b2
x+ 1
3
5
(v) 2 x + 2 5 = 0
2
3
x+ 4
Q13. If a, b, c are all positive and are pth, qth,rth terms of a G.P., then
show that:
log a
= log b
log c
p 1
q 1= 0
r 1
Q14. If a, b, c are positive and unequal, show that the value of the
a b c
determinant b c a is always negative.
c a b
Q15. Show that the points ( a, b + c ) , ( b, c + a ) and ( c, a + b ) are collinear.
Q16. If the points ( a, 0 ) , ( 0, b ) and ( 1,1) are collinear, prove that a + b = ab .
cos sin
Q18. If A = sin cos
0
0
A ( adjA ) = ( adjA) A = A I 3
0
0 , find adjA and verify that
1
1 3 3
Q19. Find the inverse of A = 1 4 3 and verify that A 1 A = I 3 .
1 3 4
tan x
1
cos 2 x sin 2 x
T 1
Q20. If A =
, show that A A =
.
1
tan x
sin 2 x cos 2 x
3 2
6 7
1
Q21. If A =
and B =
, verify that ( AB ) = B 1 A 1 .
7 5
8 9
2 3
satisfies the equation x 2 6 x + 17 = 0 . Hence
4
Q22. Show that A =
3
1 4 3
17 3 2
3 1
Q23. For the matrix A =
, find x and y so that A2 + xI = yA . Hence,
7 5
1
find A 1 . ANS : A =
1
5
8
8
find A 1 . ANS : x = 8 and y=8 ,A =
7
3
8
8
1 2 2
Q24. Show that the matrix A = 2 1 2 satisfies the equation
2 2 1
3 2 2
1
1
A2 4 A 5 I 3 = O and hence find A 1 . (ANS: A = 2 3 2 )
5
2 2 3
Q25. Find the matrix A satisfying the matrix equation
2 1 3 2 1 0
3 2 A 5 3 = 0 1
ANS : A =
1 1
1 0
b
a
Q26. Find the inverse of the matrix A = 1 + bc and show that
c
a
1
2
aA = ( a + bc + 1) I aA.
4 5
1
Q27. If A =
, then show that A 3I = 2 ( I + 3 A )
2 1
Q28. Given A =
2 19
ANS : 2 18
3 29
5 0
2 3
1 2
27
25
42
4
1 3 3
1
1
2 , B = 1 4 3 . Compute ( AB ) .
1 3 4
1
Q29. Let F ( )
cos
= sin
0
sin
cos
0
0
cos
0 and G ( ) = 0
sin
1
0 sin
1
0 then show
0 cos
that
1
1
(i) F ( ) = F ( )
(ii) G ( ) = G ( )
1
(iii) F ( ) G ( ) = G ( ) F ( )
Q30. Show that:
tan 2
1
tan 2
1
tan 2
1
1
tan 2
cos
=
sin
sin
cos
Q31. The sum of three numbers is 6. If we multiply the third number by
2 and add the first number to the result, we get 7. By adding second and
third numbers to three times the first number we get 12. Use matrix
method to find the numbers. (ANS: 3, 1, 2)
2
Q32. If f ( x ) = ax + bx + c is a quadratic function such that f ( 1) = 8 ,
f ( 2 ) = 11 and f ( 3) = 6 , find f ( x ) by using matrices. Also find f ( 0 ) .
Q33. Solve the following systems of equations by using matrices:
2
10
20
(i) x + y + z = 4, x y + z = 1 and x + y z = 2 (ANS: 2, 3, 5)
(ii) 3x + y + z = 2, 2 x 4 y + 3z = 1, 4 x + y 3z = 11 (ANS: -1, 2, 3)
(iii) x 4 y z = 11, 2 x 5 y + 2 z = 39, 3x + 2 y + z = 1 (ANS:-1, -5, 8)
(iv) 6 x + y 3z = 5, x + 3 y 2 z = 5, 2 x + y = 4 z = 8 (ANS: 1,2,1)
(v) x + y = 5, y + z = 3, x + z = 4 ( ANS : x = 3, y = 2, z = 1)
(vi) 2 y 3z = 0, x + 3 y = 4,3x + 4 y = 3( ANS : x = 5, y = 3, z = 2)
2
10
20
(vii) x + y + z = 4, x y + z = 1, x + y z = 2 ( ANS : x = 2, y = 3, z = 5)
(viii) 5 x 7 y + z = 11, 6 x 8 y z = 15, 3x + 2 y 6 z = 7 ( ANS : x = 1, y = 1, z = 1)
1 1 1
Q34. If A = 2 1 3 , find A 1 and hence solve the system of linear
1 1 1
equations x + 2 y + z = 4, x + y + z = 0, x 3 y + z = 2 .
( ANS : x =
9 5, y = 2 5, z = 7 5 )
4 4 4
Q35. Determine the product 7 1 3
5 3 1
the system of equations:
1 1 1
1 2 2
and use it to solve
2 1 3
x y + z = 4 ,x 2 y 2 z = 9, 2 x + y + 3z = 1
(ANS: x = 3, y = 2 and z = 1 )
Q36. An amount of Rs 5000 is put into three investments at the rate of
interest of 6%, 7% and 8% per annum respectively. The total annual
income is Rs358. If the combined income from the first two investments
is Rs70more than the income from the third, find the amount of each
investment by matrix method. (ANS: 1000,2200,1800).
