UNIXguide.

net ( AIX, FreeBSD, HP-UX, LINUX, SOLARIS & Tru64)

2000 UNIXguide.net, All Rights Reserved. Hermelito Go

Directory
Mappings

AIX

Root filesystem

{/dev/hd4}

Home Directory

/home

Sample
configuration
files

FreeBSD

(Last Update:

HP-UX

Wednesday, 07-Dec-2005 11:11:32 PST )

LINUX(RedHat)

{/dev/vg00/lvol1}

{/dev/hd1}

/home

{/dev/vg00/lvol4}

/export/home
/dev/vx/dsk/home}

/tmp

{/dev/hd3}

/tmp

{/dev/vg00/lvol6}

/tmp

/usr

{/dev/hd2}

/usr

{/dev/ad0s1f}

/usr

{/dev/vg00/lvol7}

/usr

/var

{/dev/hd9var}

/var

{/dev/ad0s1e}

/var

{/dev/vg00/lvol8}

/var

{/dev/ad0s1a}

User Accounts

{/dev/sda1}

SOLARIS

{/dev/vx/dsk/rootvol}

Tru64
/

{/dev/rz0a}

/dev/vx/dsk/swapvol}
/usr

{/dev/rz0g}

/usr/newconfig
AIX

FreeBSD

Password files

/etc/passwd
/etc/security/passwd

/etc/passwd

Groups file

/etc/group
/etc/security/group

Maximum # of
user ID
Allow/Deny
remote login

HP-UX

LINUX(RedHat)

Solaris

Tru64

/etc/passwd
/tcb/files/auth/r/root

/etc/passwd
/etc/shadow

/etc/passwd
/etc/shadow

/etc/passwd

/etc/group

/etc/group
/etc/logingroup

/etc/group

/etc/group

/etc/group

4294967295

65535

2147483647

65535

2147483647

65535

/etc/security/user
{rlogin=true}

/etc/ttys
{secure}

/etc/securetty
{console}

/etc/securetty
{ttyp1}

/etc/default/login
{CONSOLE=/dev/console}

/etc/securettys
{ttyp1}

User nobody's id
#

4294967294

65534

-2

99

60001 & 65534(nobody4)

65534

Group nobody's
id #

4294967294

65534

-2(nogroup)

99

60002 & 65534(nogroup)

65534

/etc/master.passwd

{lilo}
control-x
linux S
passwd root

boot from CD/Tape

Recover root
password

Installation/Maintenance
Start Limited Shell

ok boot -s
passwd root

getrootfs hdisk0
vi /etc/security/passwd

>boot
Interact with IPL ? Y
ISL>hpux -iS
passwd root

{grub}
c
kernel vmlinuz-2.4.9-13 single
ro root=/dev/hda8
initrd /initrd-2.4.9-13.img
boot
passwd root

press the HALT Button or

boot cdrom -s

(Control-P)

mkdir /tmp/a

>>>boot -fl s

mount /dev/c0t0d0s0 /tmp/a

vi /tmp/a/etc/shadow

lsmbstartup
/sbin/bcheckrc
passwd root

Create new user

mkuser

adduser

useradd

useradd

useradd

useradd

Delete user

rmuser

rmuser

userdel

userdel

userdel

userdel

List users

lsuser -f ALL

logins

Modify user
account

chuser -a

usermod

General Commands

AIX

Unique host ID

hostid

Administrator
Performance
monitor

FreeBSD

logins
usermod
HP-UX

usermod
LINUX(RedHat)

usermod
Solaris

Tru64

uname -i

hostid

hostid

hostid

smit

sam

linuxconf

admintool

sysman

top
monitor

top

top
glance

top

top

top

System activity
reporter

sar

sa

sar

sar {sysstat}

sar

/usr/opt/svr4/bin/sar

Virtual Memory
statistics

vmstat

vmstat

vmstat

vmstat

vmstat

vmstat

I/O statistics

iostat

iostat

iostat

iostat {sysstat}

iostat

iostat

Error logs

alog -o -t boot
errpt

dmesg

dmesg

dmesg

dmesg

uerf -R -o full

Physical RAM

1TB

4TB

64 GB {>2.3.24}

16TB

4TB

Shared Memory

2.75GB

8TB

sysctl kernel.shmmax

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Process Data
Space

2GB

Swap device

/dev/hd6

Swap file type

/etc/swapspaces

4GB

900 MB

/dev/ad0s1b

/dev/vg00/lvol2

/dev/sda2

/dev/vx/dsk/swapvol

/dev/rz0b

swap

swap

partition type 82

swap

raw

Display swap size lsps -a

swapinfo

swapinfo -a

free

swap -l

swapon -s

Activate Swap

swapon -a

swapon -a

swapon -a

swapon -a

swap -a

swapon -a

Printers
Printer Queues

/etc/qconfig

FreeBSD
/var/spool/print

HP-UX
/etc/lp/interface/*

LINUX
/var/spool/lpd/lp/*

Solaris
/etc/lp/interfaces/*

Tru64
/usr/spool/lpd

Stop LP

stopsrc -s lpd

lpshut

/etc/init.d/lpd stop

/usr/lib/lp/lpshut

/sbin/init.d/lpd stop

Start LP

startsrc -s lpd

lpd

lpsched

/etc/init.d/lpd start

/usr/lib/lp/lpsched

/sbin/init.d/lpd start

lp

lp

lpr

lp
lpr

lp
lpr

lpq

lpstat

lpq

lpstat

lpstat

cancel
lprm

cancel

lprm

cancel
lprm

cancel
lprm

printtool

lpadmin -p pq

lprsetup

AIX

enq
Submit print jobs lp
lpr
qprt
enq -A
LP statistics

lpq
lpstat
qchk
cancel

Remove print jobs lprm

qcan
enq -x
Add printer queue smit mkpq

lpadmin -p pq

Remove Printer
queue

smit rmpq

lpadmin -x pq

lpadmin -x pq

lprsetup

Make default
printer

export LPDEST="pq"

lpadmin -d pq

lpadmin -d pq

export PRINTER="lp"

TCP/IP

AIX

HP-UX

LINUX(RedHat)

Solaris

Tru64

/etc/hostname.*

Network IP
configuration

lsattr -E -l inet0

/etc/rc.conf

/etc/rc.config.d/netconf

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

/etc/inet/*
/etc/defaultrouter

/etc/rc.config

Hosts IP
addresses

/etc/hosts

/etc/hosts

/etc/hosts

/etc/hosts

/etc/inet/hosts

/etc/hosts

Name service
switch

/etc/netsvc.conf

/etc/host.conf

/etc/nsswitch.conf

/etc/nsswitch.conf

/etc/nsswitch.conf

/etc/svc.conf

Network
parameters

no -a

sysctl

ndd -h

sysctl -a | grep net

ndd /dev/[tcp|ip] ?

Routing daemon

gated

routed

gated

routed

in.routed

routed

NIC
Configurations

ifconfig -a

ifconfig -a

lanscan -v

ifconfig -a

ifconfig -a

ifconfig -a

Secondary IP
Address

ifconfig en0 alias IP

ifconfig xl0 alias IP ifconfig lan0:1 IP

modprobe ip_alias
ifconfig eth0:1 IP

ifconfig hme0:1 IP up

ifconfig ln0 alias

Login prompt

HERALD @
/etc/security/login.cfg

/etc/issue

BANNER @
/etc/default/telnetd

/etc/issue

telnetd -b /etc/issue
rebuild your kernel with these

odmget -q "attribute=num and

uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" PdAt

Increase the #
of pseudoterminals

set pt_cnt = #

NSTRPY=#

set npty = #

| sed "s/0-64/0-512/" |
odmchange -q "attribute=num
and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" -

cd /dev
./MAKEDEV -v pty
insf -d ptys -n #

{BSD}

{/etc/iu.ap}
ptsl 0 # ldterm ttcompat

cd /dev
./MAKEDEV PTY_1

insf -d ptym -n #
halt
boot -r

insf -d pts -s # -e -v

Maximum # of ptys 512

remsh
rsh

{SYSV}

reboot

o PdAt
chdev -l pty0 -anum=256 -P
reboot

Remote Shell

{/etc/system}

new values NPTY=#

rsh

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{MAXUSERS}

256

176
3000

remsh

rsh

rsh

{BSD}
{SYSV}

8192
rsh

UNIXguide.net ( AIX, FreeBSD, HP-UX, LINUX, SOLARIS & Tru64)

YP/NIS service
binder

/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind

System Files

/usr/sbin/ypbind

AIX

/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind

FreeBSD

/sbin/ypbind

HP-UX

/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind

LINUX(RedHat)

/etc/exports

/etc/exports

/etc/dfs/dfstab
/etc/dfs/sharetab

/etc/xtab

/etc/xtab

/var/lib/nfs/xtab

/etc/rmtab

Max File System

128 GB

128 GB

2 TB

1 TB
8000 TB {vxfs}

Max File Size

64 GB

128 GB

2 GB
8192 GB

Max # File
Descriptors

64 K

60~ K

sysctl fs.file-max

NFS exported

/etc/exports

NFS Client
mounted
directories

DISK/LVM Commands

/etc/exports

AIX

{512B block size}

{8KB block size}

HP-UX:Disk &Filesystem

FreeBSD

/usr/sbin/ypbind

Solaris

1 TB
2 GB {=<2.5.1}
64 K

LINUX(RedHat)

Tru64
/etc/exports

/var/adm/mountdtab
128 GB {<= 3.2G}
512 GB {>= 4.0}
16 TB {advfs}
128 GB {<= 3.2G}
512 GB {>= 4.0}
16 TB {advfs}
64 K
SOLARIS

Tru64

Filesystem table

/etc/filesystems

/etc/fstab

/etc/fstab

/etc/fstab

/etc/vfstab

/etc/fstab

Free disk blocks

df -k

df -k

bdf

df -k

df -k

df -k

Device listing

lsdev -C

/sbin/ioscan

cat /proc/devices

sysdef

Disk information

bootinfo -s hdisk#

fdisk -v ad0

diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d#

cat /proc/scsi/scsi0/sda/model

format>current
format>inquiry

file /dev/rrz0c

Disk Label

lspv -l hdisk#

disklabel ad0

pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/C#t#d#

fdisk -l

prtvtoc

disklabel -p rz0

LVM Concepts

Partition

sub disk

logical extents

logical extents

sub disk

sub disk

Volume

Volume

logical volume

logical volume

Volume

Volume

format -d c#t#d#

Plex

Plex

Plex

Volume group

volume group

volume group

disk group

disk group

Journal
Filesystem type

jfs

vxfs

ext3
reiserfs

vxfs

advfs

Default volume
group

/dev/rootvg

/dev/vg00

/dev/vx/dsk/rootdg

/dev/vol/rootdg

Display volume
group

lsvg -l rootvg

vgdisplay -v vg00

vgdisplay -v

vxprint -l -g rootdg

volprint -l -g rootdg

Modify physical
volume

chpv

pvchange

pvchange

Prepare physical
disk

mkdev -c disk -l hdisk#

pvcreate

pvcreate

vxdiskadd

voldiskadd

List physical
volume

lspv

pvdisplay

pvdisplay

vxprint -dl

volprint -dl

Remove disk from

volume group

reducevg

vgreduce

vgreduce

vxdg rmdisk

voldg rmdisk

Move logical
volumes to
another physical
volumes

migratepv

pvmove

pvmove

vxassist move

volassist move

Create volume
group

mkvg

vgcreate

vgcreate

vxdg init

voldg init

vgremove

vgremove

vgchange

vgchange

vgcfgrestore

vgcfgrestore

vinum ld

vinum move -f drive

object

Remove volume
group
Volume group
availability

chvg
varyonvg
varyoffvg

Restore volume
group
Exports volume
group

exportvg

vgexport

vgexport

vxdg deport

voldg deport

Imports volume
group

importvg

vgimport

vgimport

vxdg import

voldg import

Volume group
listing

lsvg

vgscan

vgscan

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Change logical
volume
characteristics

chlv

List logical
volume

lslv

Make logical
volume

lvchange

lvchange

vxedit set

voledit set

lvdisplay

lvdisplay

vxprint -vl

volprint -vl

mklv

lvcreate

lvcreate

vxassist make

volassist make

Extend logical
volume

extendlv

lvextend

lvextend

vxassist growto

volassist growto

Reduce logical
volume

AIX reduce LV

lvreduce

lvreduce

vxassist shrinkto

volassist shrinkto

Remove logical
volume

rmlv

lvremove

lvremove

vxedit rm

voledit -g rootdg -rf rm

vol1

Prepare boot
volumes

bootlist -m normal

lvlnboot

lilo

vxbootsetup

vxva
mkfs -M

vinum lv

vinum rm vol

Remove boot
volumes

lvrmboot

Extend File
system

chfs -a size=# /mt

extendfs /dev/vg00/lvol8
fsadm -F vxfs -b {LE * 1024} /
mt

resize2fs
resize_reiserfs

Reduce/Split
mirrors

rmlvcopy

lvsplit

lvsplit

lvmerge

lvmerge

Merge mirrors
Create mirrors

mklv -c 2

vinum mirror drive

Add mirrors

mklvcopy lv 2

Create striped
volumes

mklv -u 3 -S 64K

System recovery
tape

mksysb -i /dev/rmt0

vxassist mirror

volassist make vol 100mb

mirror=true

vxassist make vol 100mb

layout=raid5

volassist make vol 100mb

layout=stripe

lvextend -m 1

Backup

savevg -i rootvg

Restore

restvg

MISC

lvcreate -m 1

vinum stripe drive

lvcreate -i 3 -I 64

/opt/ignite/bin/make_recovery
vinum saveconfig

AIX
/etc/rc

/etc/rc

Kernel

/usr/lib/boot/unix_up

/usr/sys/bin/btcreate

fbackup

tar cvf /dev/rst0 /

ufsdump

vdump

frecover

tar xvf /dev/rst0

ufsrestore

vrestore

FreeBSD

Startup script

Kernel Parameters lsattr -E -l sys0

lvcreate -i 3 -I 64

HP-UX

LINUX(RedHat)

SOLARIS

Tru64

/sbin/rc

/etc/rc.d/rc

/etc/init.d

/kernel

/stand/vmunix

/boot/vmlinuz

/kernel/genunix

/vmunix

sysctl -a

sysdef
kmtune
kmsystem

sysdef -i

sysconfig
dxkerneltuner

vi /etc/system
reboot

doconfig

sysctl -a

/sbin/init.d

cd /usr/src/linux
cd /stand/build
/usr/lbin/sysadm/system_prep -

Reconfigure the
kernel

List modules

chdev -l sys0 -a

genkex

Load module

cd /sys/i386/conf

v -s system

vi KERNEL

vi system

config KERNEL
cd ../../compile/

mk_kernel -s system

KERNEL

mv system system.prev

make depend

mv vmunix vmunix.prev

make
make install

mv dlkm dlkm.prev

cd /stand

mv /stand/build/system system
kmupdate /stand/build/
vmunix_test

make mrproper
make menuconfig
make dep
make clean
make bzImage
make install
make modules
make modules_install
cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz2.2.16
mkinitrd /boot/initrd-2.2.16.img 2.2.16
vi /etc/lilo.conf
lilo

kldstat

kmadmin -s

lsmod

modinfo

kldload

kmadmin -L

insmod

modload

Unload module

kldunload

kmadmin -U

rmmod

modunload

Initialize system install_assist

/stand/sysinstall

set_parms initial

netconf

sys-unconfig

netsetup

sysctl hw.physmem

grep -i Physical /var/adm/

syslog/syslog.log

free

prtconf

uerf | grep memory

getconf KERNEL_BITS

getconf LONG_BIT

isainfo -kv

64

Physical RAM

bootinfo -r

Kernel Bits

bootinfo -K

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Crash utility

crash

crash

adb

lcrash

crash

kdbx

Trace System
Calls

syscalls

truss

tusc

strace

truss

trace

Machine model

uname -m
bootinfo -m

uname -m

model
uname -m

uname -m

uname -imp

uname -p

uname -r

OS Level

oslevel

uname -r

uname -r

uname -r

sizer -v

Run Level

who -r

who -r

runlevel

who -r

who -r

Core dump files

/var/adm/ras

/var/adm/crash

/var/crash/`uname -n`
{lilo}
control-x
linux S

Key on service mode/F4

ok boot -s

>boot
Interact with IPL ? Y
ISL>hpux -iS

ok boot -as

>boot
Interact with IPL ? Y
ISL>hpux -lm

ok boot -as

Interrupt Key

control-B

Stop-A

Return to console

co

ok go

Boot single user

Boot from CD/Tape

Select Maintenance
Limited function Shell

Maintenance mode

{grub}
c
kernel vmlinuz-2.4.9-13 single
ro root=/dev/hda8
initrd /initrd-2.4.9-13.img
boot

ok boot -s

>>> boot -fl s

control-P

Timezone
Management

/etc/environment
/etc/profile

/etc/localtime

/etc/TIMEZONE

/etc/sysconfig/clock

/etc/TIMEZONE
/etc/default/init

/etc/svid3_tz
timezone

NTP Daemon

/etc/ntp.conf
startsrc -s xntpd

/etc/rc.conf
{xntpd_enable="YES"}
/etc/rc.network

/etc/rc.config.d/netdaemons
/sbin/init.d/xntpd

/etc/ntp.conf
/etc/rc.d/init.d/xntpd

/etc/inet/ntp.conf
/etc/init.d/xntpd

rcmgr set XNTPD_CONF YES

/sbin/init.d/xntpd

Software

AIX

HP-UX

LINUX(RedHat)

SOLARIS

Tru64

Install Software

installp -a

pkg_add

swinstall

rpm -i package

pkgadd

setld -l

Uninstall
software

installp -u

pkg_delete

swremove

rpm -e package

pkgrm

setld -d

List installed
software

lslpp -L all

pkg_info -a

swlist

rpm -qa

pkginfo

setld -i

Verify installed
software

lppchk -v

swlist -l fileset -a state

rpm -V package

pkginfo -i
pkginfo -p

setld -v

List all files

lslpp -f fileset

swlist -l file fileset

rpm -ql package

pkgchk -l package

setld -i package

patchadd -p

dupatch -track -type patch

List installed
patches

swlist -l patch
what /stand/vmunix

instfix -i

Package owner

lslpp -w path

SW Directory

/usr/lpp

Devices
Devices

pkg_info -L package

/var/db/pkg
AIX

/dev

swlist -l file | grep path

rpm -qf file

pkgchk -l -p path

/var/adm/sw/

/var/lib/rpm

/var/sadm

FreeBSD
/dev

HP-UX
/dev

LINUX(RedHat)
/dev

/var/adm/smlogs
SOLARIS

/devices

Tru64
/dev

drvconfig
Install devices
for attached
peripherals

devlinks
cfgmgr -v

/dev/MAKEDEV

insf -e

/dev/MAKEDEV

disks

scu scan edt

scsimgr -scan_all

tapes
ports

Remove device

rmdev -l

rmsf

Device drivers

lscfg

lsdev

CPU

lsdev -Cc processor

List Terminal

lsdev -Cc tty

Diagnostics

diag

sysctl hw.model

ioscan -fnC processor

rem_drv
prtconf -D
cat /proc/cpuinfo

ioscan -fnC tty

psrinfo -v

psrinfo -v

pmadm -l
/usr/platform/`uname -m`/

pciconf -l

stm

lspci
pnpdump

sbin/prtdiag
ok test-all
/opt/SUNWvts/bin/sunvts

Whole Disk

/dev/hdisk#

/dev/ad0s1c

/dev/dsk/c#t#d0

/dev/sda

/dev/c#t#d0s2

/dev/rz0c

CDROM

/dev/cd0

/dev/acd0c

/dev/dsk/c#t2d0

/dev/cdrom

/dev/dsk/c#t6d0s2

/dev/rz3c

CDROM file type

cdrfs

cd9660

cdfs

iso9660

hsfs

cdfs

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Rewinding tape
drive

/dev/rmt0

/dev/rwt0d

/dev/rmt/0m

/dev/rst0

Non-rewinding
tape drive

/dev/rmt0.1

/dev/nrwt0d

/dev/rmt/0mn

/dev/nrst0

Floppy drive

/dev/rfd0

/dev/fd0

/dev/fd0

Links

AIX

FreeBSD

HP-UX

{ c 9 0}
{ c 9 128 }

/dev/rmt/0

/dev/rmt0

/dev/rmt/0n

/dev/nrmt0

/dev/diskette

/dev/fd0c

LINUX(RedHat)

SOLARIS

Tru64

FAQ

AIX-FAQ

FreeBSD FAQ

HP-UX FAQ

LINUX FAQ

Solaris 2 FAQ

Tru64 FAQ

Online Manual

AIX 5.3 Docs

FreeBSD Hand Book

Tru64 Documents

HP-UX Reference Manual

Linux Documentation Project

Solaris 10 Documentation

Technical Support p5 TechSupport

IT Resource Center

Red Hat support

SunSolve

Alpha Systems Support

Phone Number

1-800-CALL-AIX

1-800-633-3600

1-888-REDHAT1

1-800-USA-4SUN

1-800-474-6836

Free Software

Public Domain Software

Library

HP-UX Ports

Linux Software Map

Sun Freeware

Tru64 Demos, Shareware &

Freeware

Certification

IBM Professional
Certification

education.hp.com

RHCE

suned.sun.com

ASE Information

FreeBSD Primary Site

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