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Generators and Motors

A motor-generator setup is used to determine the induced emf. The generator works by rotating a coil of wire in a magnetic field, which induces an emf according to Faraday's law. The induced emf varies sinusoidally with time as the magnetic flux through the coil changes with its rotation. The maximum induced emf occurs when the magnetic field is parallel to the coil plane, and it is zero when perpendicular. The experiment involves varying the input voltage and measuring the corresponding output induced emf, plotting a graph to see their relationship.

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Maryam Omar
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20 views

Generators and Motors

A motor-generator setup is used to determine the induced emf. The generator works by rotating a coil of wire in a magnetic field, which induces an emf according to Faraday's law. The induced emf varies sinusoidally with time as the magnetic flux through the coil changes with its rotation. The maximum induced emf occurs when the magnetic field is parallel to the coil plane, and it is zero when perpendicular. The experiment involves varying the input voltage and measuring the corresponding output induced emf, plotting a graph to see their relationship.

Uploaded by

Maryam Omar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENERATORS AND MOTORS

Aim of experiment: Determination of the induced emf


Apparatus: Motor generator power supply Voltmeter.
Theory of experiment:
Electric

generators

are

used

to

produce

electrical

energy.

To

understand how they work, let us consider the alternating current (AC)
generator, a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. In
its simplest form, it consists of a loop of wire rotated by some external means
in a magnetic field (Fig. 1a).
A loop rotates in a magnetic field, the magnetic flux through the area
enclosed by the loop changes with time; this induces an emf and a current in
the loop according to Faradays law. The ends of the loop are connected to
slip rings that rotate with the loop. Connections from these slip rings, which
act as output terminals of the generator, to the external circuit are made by
stationary brushes in contact with the slip rings.

Figure 1 (a) An ac generator


(b) The alternating emf induced in the loop plotted as a function of time.
Suppose that, instead of a single turn, the loop has N turns (a more practical
situation), all of the same area A, and rotates in a magnetic field with a
constant angular speed . If the angle between the magnetic field and the
normal to the plane of the loop, as shown in Figure 1, then the magnetic flux
through the loop at any time t is

where we have used the relationship t between angular displacement and


angular speed. so, the induced emf in the coil is

This result shows that the emf varies sinusoidally with time, as was plotted in
Figure 1b. From above equation, we see that the maximum emf has the value

which occurs when the magnetic field is in the plane of the coil and the time
rate of change of flux is a maximum. and the emf is zero when B is
perpendicular to the plane of the coil and the time rate of change of flux is
zero
Procedure:
1- Connect the electrical circuit.
2- Vary the value of the input voltage and record the corresponding
output induced emf.
3- Repeat the above step 3 times and take the average value.
4- Draw a graph between the input voltage on x-axis and the induced
output emf on y-axis.

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