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Machine Design Shaft Design

The shaft is part of an automatic machining system with power input through gear D at 220 rpm. Gears C and F drive tool feed devices requiring 5 hp each, while sheave B requires 2.5 hp to drive a coolant pump. The forces and bending moments on the shaft are calculated. Based on the results, the shaft diameters are determined to be 2.06 in at both ends tapering to 2.98 in between bearings using AISI 1020 cold-drawn steel.

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Jer Laguitan
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600 views8 pages

Machine Design Shaft Design

The shaft is part of an automatic machining system with power input through gear D at 220 rpm. Gears C and F drive tool feed devices requiring 5 hp each, while sheave B requires 2.5 hp to drive a coolant pump. The forces and bending moments on the shaft are calculated. Based on the results, the shaft diameters are determined to be 2.06 in at both ends tapering to 2.98 in between bearings using AISI 1020 cold-drawn steel.

Uploaded by

Jer Laguitan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LAGUITAN, JEREMY ..

SHAFT DESIGN

MACHINE DESIGN (W 1:00-4:00 PM)

ENGR. D.A. VICENTE

31.) The shaft in Figure P12-9 is part of an automatic machining system. All power is
input through gear D. Gears C and F drive two separate tool feed devices requiring
5.0 hp each. The V-belt sheave at B requires 2.5 hp to drive a coolant pump. The
shaft rotates at 220 rpm. All gears are spur gears with 20 degrees full depth teeth.
Use AISI 1020 cold-drawn steel for the shaft.
Figure P12-9:

Solution: 1. Determine the rotational speed of the shaft.


Based on the problems statement, the shaft rotates at 220 rpm.

rev

Converting to rad/s, =220 min (


= 0.3839724

2 rad
1 min
)
(
1 rev
3600 s )

rad/s

2. Determine the power or the torque to be transmitted by the shaft.

The V belt sheave B requires 2.5 hp while the gears at C and F


require 5.0 hp each. Using the formula: T =

63000 (P)
, with
n

n=220rpm
T B=

63000 (2.5)
220

T C = TF =

= 715.9090909 lb-in

63000 (5)
220

= 1431.818182 lb-in

According to problem # 10, gear D receives 12.5hp from a pinion


below it.
TD =

63000 (12.5)
220

= 3579.545455 lb-in

3. Determine the forces that are exerted on the shaft.


Computing for the forces at each element:
Forces on sheave B: Using equations (12-7), (12-8), and (12-12)

2T
D

FN = F1-F2 =

2( 715.9090909)
6

= 238.6363636 lb
F

FB = 1.5(FN) = 1.5(238.6363636) = 357.9545454 lb


FBx = FB(sin 30o) = 357.9545454(sin 30o) = 178.9772727 lb orFBx
178.98 lb
FBy
o
o
FBy = FB(cos 30 ) = 357.9545454(cos 30 ) = 309.9977297 lb or
310 lb

FBy

Forces on gear C: Using equations (12-2) and (12-3)


Wt=

2T
D

2(1431.818182)
6

FBx
= 476.939394 lb or 476.94 lb

Wr = Wt(tan ) = 476.939394(tan 20o) = 173.591643 lb or 173.6


lb

Forces on gear D: Using equations (12-2) and (12-3)


Wt=

2T
D

2(3579.545455)
12

= 596.5909092 lb or 596.6 lb

Wr = Wt(tan ) = 596.5909092(tan 20o) = 217.121333 lb or


217.12 lb
FBy
Forces on gear F: Using equations (12-2) and (12-3)
Wt=

2T
D

2(1431.818182)
6

FBx

= 476.939394 lb or 476.94 lb
Wr

Wr = Wt(tan ) = 476.939394(tan 20o) = 173.591643 lb or 173.6 lb


FFx = 476.94(sin 45o) 173.6(cos 45o) = 214.49 lb
FFy = 476.94(cos 45o) + 173.6(sin 45o)= 460lb

FFx
Wt

FFy

4. Solve for all the reactions on all support bearings in each plane

For horizontal:
FBx
FFx
3

WTC
5

WTD
8

RAx

REx

178.98 lb 476.94 lb
3

RAx

596.6 lb
5

214.49 lb
5

REx

Solving for reaction at bearings:

M at A= 0

178.98(3) +476.94(8) +596.6(16)


+214.49(26) = REx(21)
REx= 927.5142857 lb or 927.51 lb
Fv=0
178.98 + 476.94 + 596.6 + 214.49
927.5142857 = RAx
RAx = 539.4957143 lb or 540 lb

178.98 lb 476.94 lb
3

596.6 lb

540 lb
lb

214.49 lb
5

927.51
178.98 lb 476.94 lb
3

596.6 lb
8

214.49 lb

FBD
540 lb
lb

927.51

540 lb
361.02 lb

Shear force diagram

214.99 lb

0
-115.92 lb
-712.52 lb
3425
1620

Moment diagram (lb-in)


-1074.95
-2487.65

For vertical:

FBy

WRC

FFy
3

RAy

WRD

REy

310 lb 173.6 lb
3

Solving for RAy and REy:


RAy

460lb
8

M at A= 0

217.12 lb

REy

310(3) +173.6(8) +460(26) = REy(21)


+217.12(16)
REy = 514.6095238 lb or 515 lb
Fv=0
310 + 173.6 - 217.12 515 + 460 = RAy
RAy = 211.4 lb

310 lb 173.6 lb
FBD

211.4 lb

460lb
8

217.12 lb

515 lb

459.92
211.4
Shear diagram (lb)
98.6

-55.08
-272.2

634.2
Moment diagram (lb-in)

141.2

-2036.4

-2311.8

Calculating
the bending moment at point C, the torque on the gear
at the left side (TCL) and the torque on the right side of the gear (T CR):

141.2

( 2 )
Mc=
( 34252 ) +

TCL =

= 3428 lb-in

63000 (2.5)
220

= 716 lb-in (Getting the hp from B, 2.5hp)

TCR = TD -TC =3579.545455 - 1431.818182


TCR = 2147.727273 or 2148 lb
Calculating for the actual endurance strength (S n)
Sn= Sn(Cs)(Cr)

From the design properties of carbon and alloy steel table, the tensile strength
and yield strength of AISI 1020 cold-drawn steel: Su= 61 ksi, S y= 51ksi and
from table 5.8, Sn= 22ksi
Using a reliability of 0.99, the Cr = 0.81. The shaft size should be moderately
large, so we can assume CS=0.85
Sn= 22(0.81)(0.81) = 15.147 ksi

32 N

Finding the diameter at the right side of C with D= [

3 T 2 K (M)
[ ] +[
]
4 Sy
S n'
1

3
and let N=3
Kt for L=3.0 (Retaining ring groves)
Kt for R= 2 (keyseat profile)

32(3) 3 2148 2 2 ( 3428 )


[
] +[
]

4 51000
15147
DCR = [
1
3
D5 = 2.40 in
D6 = D5 = 2.40 in

D4= [

32(3) 3 716 2 3 ( 3428 )


[
] +[
]

4 51000
15147

1
3

D3 = 2.75 in
Increase by 6% = 1.06(2.75) = D4 =
2.98 in
Ring
grove

K=2.5(Sharp fillet) Mb=

Profile
keyseat

634.22+1620 2

= 1739.715 lb

D1 = D2, D2 =

32 N

3 T 2 K (M)
[ ] +[
]
4 Sy
S n'

1
3

32(3) 3 716 2 2.5 ( 1739.715 )


[
] +[
]

4 51000
15147
1

D2 = 2.06 in
D1= 2.06 in
Vf =

214.992+ 459.922

D8=D7, D =
D7 = 0.86 in
D8 = 0.86 in

= 507.69

2.94 ( K )( V )( N )/ Sn'

2.94 ( 2.5 ) (507.69 )(3) /15147

= 0.86 in

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