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Demoivres Theorem

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Demoivres Theorem

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Reddy Gmd

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net

Senior Inter Maths - II(A)

De Moivre's Theorem

t
e

n
.
a

Questions and Answers

Q: Solve the following equations:

h
b
i

(C O---- C-).
1)

x4 1 = 0

t
a
r

(x2 1) (x2 + 1) = 0

p
u
d

x2 1 = 0 x = 1
x2 + 1 = 0 x = i

a
n

x = 1, i
2)

e
e
.
w
w

x5
x5

+1=0
= 1

t
e
n

x = (1)1/5 = (1 + i.0)1/5

.
a
h

1 + i.0 = r (cos + i sin )

1 = r cos ; 0 = r sin

r2 = 1;
(1 +

b
i
t

r = 1;

i.0)1/5

a
r
p

= [cos (2k + 1) + i sin (2k + 1)]1/5,

u
d
a[

for k = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4

= cos (2k + 1) + i sin (2k + 1)

5
5

n
e
e
.
ww

k = 0 1st value is cos + i sin

5
5
3
3
k = 1 2nd value is cos + i sin
5
5
rd
k = 2 3 value is cos + i sin
7
7
k = 3 4th value is cos + i sin
5
5
9
9
k = 4 5th value is cos + i sin
5
5

w
R-5-1-15

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3)

Find the common roots of the equations.

x12 1 = 0; x4 + x2 + 1 = 0

(x12 1 = 0; x4 + x2 + 1 = 0 O--- t -\.)

Ans: x12 1 = 0

t
e

n
.
a

x = 11/12 = (1 + i.0 )1/12

h
b
i

1 + i.0 = r (cos + i sin )

r = 1; = 2 k

t
a
r

(1 + i.0)1/12 = (cos 2 k + i sin 2 k )1/12

k
k
= cos + i.sin , k = 0, 1, 2 .... 10, 11
6
6

k = 0 x = cis.0;
k = 1 x = cis.
6

k = 2 x = cis. ; k = 3 = x = cis.
3
2
2
5
k = 4 x = cis. ; k = 5 x = cis.
3
6
7
k = 6 x = cis.;
k = 7 x = cis.
6
4
3
k = 8 x = cis. ; k = 9 x = cis.
3
2
11
5
k = 10 x = cis. ; k = 11 x = cis.
3
6
x4 + x2 + 1 = 0

i
3

x2 =
2

1 i 3 1/2
x =
2

2
4
5
x = cis. , cis. , cis. , cis.
3
3
3
3

2
4
5
Common roots (t ): cis. , cis. , cis. , cis.
3
3
3
3
2
If z is a complex number and 1 + z + z = 0, then prove:

p
u
d

a
n

e
e
.
w
w

t
e
n

.
a
h

b
i
t

u
d
a

n
e
e
.
ww

(w )

g u ,

a
r
p

1 + z + z2 = 0

1 2
1 2
2 +
z +
+
z
+ z3 +
z
z2

) (

1 2
+ z4 +
z

) (

E--)

1 2
+ z5 +
z

) (

1 2
+ z6 +
z

) (

Ans: Let z = (-)

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1 2
= 12
z

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1 + z + z2 = 0 1 + + 2 = 0
Also, z3 = 1 3 = 1
1 2
1 2
2 2
z +
=

z
= ( + )
= (1)2 = 1 .............. (1)
1 2
1 2
z2 + 2 = 2 + 2 = (2 + )2
z

= (1)2 = 1 ................... (2)

1 2
1 2
z3 + 3 = 3 + 3 = (1 + 1)2
z

= 22 = 4 ...................... (3)
1 2
1 2
1 2
z4 + 4 = 4 + 4 = +

= (1)2 = 1 .................... (4)

1 2
1 2
1 2
z5 + 5 = 5 + 5 = 2 + 2
z

2
= (1) = 1 .................... (5)
1 2
1 2
z6 + 6 = 6 + 6 = (1 + 1)2
z

= (2)2 = 4 .................... (6)

) (

t
e

n
.
a

h
b
i

t
a
(
) (
) (
)r
p
u
(
) (
)ad
(
)
n
e
( ) e(
)
.
w
w
w
(1) + (2) + (3) + (4) + (5) + (6) = 12

t
e
n

.
a
h

Prove that the sum of 99th powers of the roots of the equation x7 1 = 0 is zero
and hence deduce the roots of the equation x6 + x5 + x4 + x3 + x2 + x + 1 = 0.

b
i
t

(x71

= 0 O-- 99
x6 + x5 + x4 + x3 + x2 + x + 1 = 0 O--

a
r
p

Ans: x71 = 0 x = 11/7 = (1 + i.0)1/7

u
d
a

(1 + i.0)1/7 = r (cos + i sin )

r = 1, = 2 k

h -o E , y
-- -d.)

n
e
e
.
ww

(1 + i.0)1/7 = (cos 2k + i sin 2k)1/7

2k
2k
= cos + i.sin , k = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
7
7

k = 0 x = cis.0

x99 = cis.0 = ............... (1)

2
k = 1 x = cis.
7
2
x99 = cis. (99) ...... (2)
7

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4
k = 2 x = cis.
7
4
x99 = cis. (99) ........ (3)
7
6
k = 3 x = cis.
7
6
x99 = cis. (99) ...... (4)
7
8
k = 4 x = cis.
7
8
x99 = cis. (99) ...... (5)
7
10
k = 5 x = cis.
7