Scribd
Upload
423 views4 pages

MEC551 Test 1 Solution (Sept2011-Feb2012) Student

The document summarizes the key concepts and solutions from a thermal engineering exam: 1) It defines the three modes of heat transfer as conduction, convection, and radiation along with the relevant equations. 2) It shows the calculation of the temperature distribution in a cylindrical solid with internal heat generation, finding the temperature at a specified point. 3) It analyzes combined free and forced convection over a flat plate, calculating the heat transfer rate and thermal conductivity.

Uploaded by

HilmyZulkifli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
423 views4 pages

MEC551 Test 1 Solution (Sept2011-Feb2012) Student

The document summarizes the key concepts and solutions from a thermal engineering exam: 1) It defines the three modes of heat transfer as conduction, convection, and radiation along with the relevant equations. 2) It shows the calculation of the temperature distribution in a cylindrical solid with internal heat generation, finding the temperature at a specified point. 3) It analyzes combined free and forced convection over a flat plate, calculating the heat transfer rate and thermal conductivity.

Uploaded by

HilmyZulkifli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

MEC551 THERMAL ENGINEERING (Sept 2011 Feb 2012) Test 1 Solution

PART A
a)

The modes of heat transfer are:


(i)

Conduction - Conduction is the transfer of energy from the more energetic particles of a
substance to the adjacent less energetic ones as a result of interactions between the particles.
The rate of heat transfer by conduction is expressed by Fourier's law of conduction as
Q = -k.A.(dT/dx) where
(dT/dx) is the temperature gradient,
k is the thermal conductivity,
A is the area which is normal to the direction of heat transfer.

(ii) Convection - Convection is the mode of energy transfer between a solid surface and the
adjacent fluid which is in motion, and it involves combined effects of conduction and fluid
motion.
Convection is expressed by Newton's law of cooling as Q = h As (Ts T) where

h is the convection heat transfer coefficient,


As is the surface area through which convection heat transfer takes place,
Ts is the surface temperature,

(iii) Radiation - Radiation is energy emitted by matter in the form of electromagnetic waves
(or photons) as a result of the changes in the energy levels of the atoms or molecules.
Radiation is expressed by Stefan-Boltzman law as Q=As(Ts4- T4surr) where
is the emissivity of surface,
is the Stefan-Boltzman constant,
A is the surface area,

[Type text]

T is the absolute surface temperature, (in K).

surr

is the average surrounding surface temperature,(in K).

MEC551 THERMAL ENGINEERING (Sept 2011 Feb 2012) Test 1 Solution

Note;
a)

For equation, students just required to write down the equation only. Equation with no explanation
can attempt the full mark.
b) Illustration please mark accordingly.

b)

Given
r1 = 7cm r0 = 12cm gn = 3.8 x 106W/m3

T1 = 300C

T0 = 1200C

k = 20W/m.0c

From general equation (heat transfer conduction cylindrical coordinates)

For 1-D ;

T T

0
z

Final equation become;

For Steady State ;

1 T g n
0
r

r r r k
g
1 T
r
n
r r r
k

'

'

g r
T
r r r kn
'

g r2
T
r
n C1
2k
r
'

T
r

g r C

n 1
2k
r

'

'

gn r 2
T (r )
C1 ln r C2
4k
Find the value of C1 and C2 by applying the boundary conditions
T = T1 = 3000C
T = T0 = 1200C
'

at
at

r = r1 = 7cm
r = r0 = 12cm

gn r 2
C1 ln r C2
4k
(3.8 x106 )(0.07) 2
30
C1 ln 0.07 C2
4(20)
262.75 2.659C1 C2
1

T (r )

[Type text]

T
0
t

MEC551 THERMAL ENGINEERING (Sept 2011 Feb 2012) Test 1 Solution

'

gn r 2
C1 ln r C2
4k
(3.8 x106 )(0.12) 2
120
C1 ln 0.12 C2
4(20)
804 2.12C1 C2
2
T (r )

Solved for 1 and 2


C1 1004.174

C2 2932.849

The final equation of temperatur e distributi on become;


T (r ) 47500r 2 1004.174 ln r 2932.849
The temperatur e at r 10cm
T (r ) 47500r 2 1004.174 ln r 2932.849
T (r 10cm ) 47500(0.1) 2 1004.174 ln 0.1 2932.849
Tr 10cm 152.5610 C
Comments ; Tr=10cm is higher because the present of heat generation inside the cylinder

The rate of heat flux ;


Q k

[Type text]

g 'r C
dT
k n 1 10834 W 2
m
dr
r
2k

MEC551 THERMAL ENGINEERING (Sept 2011 Feb 2012) Test 1 Solution

(2)

Ts T 125 35

80 0 C
2
2
properties of air at T film 80 0 C
T film

0.9994 kg

k 0.02953W

mc

VL (0.9994)(8)(8)
6

3 .0 5 2 x1 0

(2.096 x10 5 )

Re

2.096 x10 5 kg ms ,

Pr 0.7154

m i xe d

a )distance when the boundary layer from laminar to turbulent

xcrit

Re crit (5 x105 )(2.096 x10 5 )

1.311m
V
(0.9994)(8)

b) the rate of heat transfer


Nu mixed (0.037 Re 0.8 871)(Pr)

0.037[(3.052 x106 ) 0.8 871](0.7154)

4 3 1 8 .8 3 9
Nu

hL
;
k

(4318.839)(0.02953)
15.942 W 2 o
m c
8

As Lw (8)(5) 4 0 m2

Q hAs T (15.942)(40)(125 35)

57.391kW

c) thermal conductivity
Qcond Qconv 57.391W kA

k (40)

[Type text]

(125 35)
3

T
L

k 0.9565W

m.0 c

You might also like